WORK TEAM AND
GROUP
Presented by: Briola, Cynthia R.
Abucay, Michael Joe
Escalante, Lyka
What is Group?
A group may be defined as
two or more person,
interacting and
interdependent, who have
come together to achieve
certain objectives.
Classification of Groups
Formal Group: Informal Group:
“A designated work “A group that is neither
group defined by the formally structured nor
organization’s structure” organizationally
determined; appears in
response to the need for
social contact”
Types of Formal & Informal Group:
Command group
Task group
Interest group
Friendship group
Command Group
“A group composed of the individuals who report
directly to a given manager.”
Example:
An army officer and his subordinate soldiers form
a command group.
Task Group
“Task group Represents those working together to
complete a job task.”
Example:
A panel of employers to conduct interviews
for the new post
Interest Group
“Those working together to attain a specific
objective with which each is concerned.”
Example:
Employees who band together to support a
peer who has been fired.
Friendship Group
“Those brought together because they share one
or more common characteristics.”
Example:
Groups based on similar age, heritage etc.
Why People Form Groups
People form a group for reason
such as:
Need satisfaction
Proximity
Attraction
Goals
Economics
Stages Of Group Development
Formin
g
Stormin
g
Normin
g
Performi
ng
Adjourning
Roles Within Groups
This are specific roles that are deemed important in the group process
These are the following:
Knowledge Listener
contribution Mediator
Process observer Gatekeeper
People supporter Take-charge leader
challenger
Advantages of Groups
More inputs from various perspectives can be
made available for effective decision making;
Synergism is more likely when people work
together as a group;
People in the group are more supportive on the
decision that were formulated with their
assistance;
It allows the efficient exchange of information
for effective problem solving;
The opportunity for fulfilling the safety,
affiliation, and esteem needs of group members is
made available; and
Group members get support from each other.
Disadvantages of Groups
Group activity is usually slower and more
cumbersome because every member has the
opportunity to make contribution;
Group meetings are held to disseminate strictly
routine data that could be more efficiently conveyed
in writing through interoffice memorandum;
The group’s decision may be diluted by every
member’s input making the decision ineffective;
Accountability is often a problem with group
activity;
There are occasions when some members shrink
responsibility and let other members of the group do
the work;
When the group is highly cohesive and motivated,
outside criticism tends to be ignored as group
Group Think
This term may briefly defined as a deterioration of
mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral
judgement in the interest of group cohesiveness.
Individual thinking is brought in line with the
average quality of the group’s thinking.
How to minimize Group
Think?
Monitor Group Size
Encouraging Group Leader
Seeking View From Each
Member
Stimulate active discussion
Techniques in Group Decision
Making
Interacting Brainstormi
Groups ng
Nominal
Group Electronic
Meeting
Techniques
Interacting Groups
Are typical groups in which members interact with each other
face- to-face. These essence of interaction is the sending
and receiving of information though oral, written, and nonverbal communication.
The main drawback of this technique is its susceptibility to “groupthink”.
Brainstorming
Is a group problem-solving technique which promotes creativity
by encouraging members to come up with any ideas, no matter
How strange, without fear of criticism.
In brainstorming the participants are required to observe the following procedures:
1. generate as many ideas as possible;
2. be creative, freewheeling, and imaginative;
3. build upon, extend, or combine earlier ideas; and
4. withhold criticism of others’ ideas.
Nominal Group Techniques
Is a group decision-making method in which individual members
meet face-to-face to pool their judgements in a systematic but independent fashion.
The following discrete steps are undertaken in the nominal group technique:
1. individual members quietly
list their ideas.
2. ideas are written on a chart one a time
until all ideas are listed.
3. brief time is allotted so that questions
can be asked, but only for clarification.
4. a written vote is taken and the group
decision is announced.
Electronic Meeting
Is a decision-making
technique wherein members
interact through computers,
allowing anonymity of
comments and aggregation
of votes. This technique
features the distinct
advantages of anonymity,
honesty, and speed.
Forming
Characteristics Activities
Members Team needs to
tend to be: • Identify its
• Tentative purpose
• Polite • Group
• Having little processes
conflicts • Develop
group norms
Formin
g
Storming
Characteristics Activities
Members tend Members need
to: to learn
• Exhibit • How to
increased resolve
conflict conflict
• Less • Clarify their
conformity roles
• “Jockeying” for • Power Stormin
power. • Structure g
Norming
Characteristics Activities
Demonstrate an: Members must
• Improved • Exhibit good
ability to behaviors
complete • Mutual trust
tasks • Motivation
• Solve
• Open
problems
communicati
• Resolve on
conflict.
Normin
g
Performing
Characteristics Activities
• Energetic • Self-directing
• Creative in
development
• Participative
of plans
• Motivated
• Strategy to
• Show high meet their
levels of goals
loyalty
• Carry out
• Group work
decision- Performi
making. ng
Adjourning
Characteristics
• Purpose achieved
• Ready to move on to
new things
• A positive feeling about
the group achievement.
Adjourning
Atta Ullah Afridi
