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Goals
Optimum therapeutic response with minimum adverse effects Individualization of drug dosage regimen, esp drugs with a narrow therapeutic window
Dosage Regimen
Clinical Factors -Patients (age, weight, patophysiologic cond -Management of ther (multiple drug ther, convenience of regimen, compliance of patient)
Other factors: -Route of adm -Dosage form -Tolerance-dependence -Drug interaction -Cost
3 methods
1. Dosage regimens based on population averages: (a) the fixed model (b) the adaptive model 2. Dosage regimens based on partial pharmacokinetic parameters 3. Empirical dosage regimens
(b) the adaptive model dosage regimen was calculated by using patient variables such as: weight, age, sex, body surface area, and known patient patophysiology such as renal disease as well as the known population average pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug. This model assumes that drug clearance do not change from one dose to the next.
Dosage regimens based on partial pharmacokinetic parameters For drugs with unknown or unavailable pharmacokinetic profile, the pharmacokineticist needs to make some assumptions to calculate the dosage regimen. Exp: to let F equal 1 or 100%. the risk of undermedicated or overmedicated. Assumptions will depend on the safety, efficacy and therapeutic range of the drug.