UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION
COMPUTER SYSTEM – ELEMENTS AND ORGANIZATION
– OPERATING SYSTEM OVERVIEW – OBJECTIVES AND
FUNCTIONS – EVOLUTION OF OPERATING SYSTEM –
OPERATING SYSTEM STRUCTUERS – OPERATING
SYSTEM SERVICES – USER OPERATING SYSTEM
INTERFACE – SYSTEM CALLS – SYSTEM PROGRAMS –
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION – STRUCTURING
METHODS.
OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM
[Link]:-
It Controls the operation of the computer and performs its
data processing functions, when there is only one processor
called as Central Processing Unit(CPU)
[Link] MEMORY or PRIMARY MEMORY:-
Primary memory is a segment of computer memory that
can be accessed directly by the processor.
In a hierarchy of memory, primary memory has access time
less than secondary memory and greater than cache
memory.
Read Only Memory (ROM),Random Access Memory (RAM)
[Link] Memory
Secondary memory is a type of computer memory that is
used to store data and programs that can be accessed or
retrieved even after the computer is turned off.
Internal flash memory (rare), SSD (solid-state disk), Hard
3.I/O MODULES
It Moves Data between the computer and its
external environment. The external environment
consists of variety of devices, including Primary
memory devices(ex:- Hard disks)
[Link] BUS
It Provides a communication between different
processors, peripheral's and I/O modules
Block Diagram of a Computer System
BLOCK DIAGRAM COMPONENTS
INPUT DEVICE
KEYBOARD,MOUSE
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT(CPU)
It Controls the operation of the computer and
performs its data processing functions, when there is
only one processor called as Central Processing Unit
CONTROL UNIT
It is the most important component of a
computer system. A control unit is a part of the CPU.
A control unit controls the operations of all parts of
the computer but it does not carry out any data
processing operations.
ARTHIMETHIC & LOGICAL UNIT
ALU is a digital circuit that provides arithmetic
and logic operations. It is the fundamental building
block of the central processing unit of a computer.
A modern central processing unit(CPU) has a
very powerful ALU and it is complex in design. In
addition to ALU modern CPU contains a control unit
and a set of registers.
OUTPUT DEVICE
MONITOR,PRINTER
