Orthographic Projection

2 Dimensional View of an object

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

Different Viewpoint

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Product Design I (40)

Parallel Projection

Perspective

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Product Design I (40)

Parallel

Orthographic Projection

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Product Design I (40)

Standard 2D views

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Product Design I (40)

View Orientation

Poor orientation Good orientation

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Product Design I (40)

Type of Planes

Oblique

Principal

Inclined

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Product Design I (40)

Edge View of a Plane

Principal planes appear in true size in one plane and as an edge view in the other two planes.

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

Section Views
Orthographic views showing all hidden lines may not be clear enough to describe an objects internal details. This shortcoming can be overcome by imagining that part of the object has been cut away and shown in a crosssectional view. This view is called a section view.

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

Type of Section Views Full section view Offset section view (multiple offset views) Half section view Broken section view Aligned and Revolved section views Removed view

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Product Design I (40)

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Section View Full Section

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Product Design I (40)

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Section View Offset Section

Offset cutting plane

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Product Design I (40)

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Section View Multiple Offset Sections

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Product Design I (40)

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Section View Half Section

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Product Design I (40)

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Section View Broken Section

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Product Design I (40)

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Dimensioning & Tolerancing

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Product Design I (40)

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Dimensioning
Size dimensions

Location and orientation dimensions

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

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Dimensioning Terminology
Dimension line Numerical value that defines the size and location Gap

1.25
Extension line

Extension line offset

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

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NX drafting

Annotation Preferences

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Product Design I (40)

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Placement of Dimensions

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Product Design I (40)

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Dos & Donts of Dimensioning

Never dimension hidden lines

Ken Youssefi Product Design I (40)

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Dos & Donts of Dimensioning

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Product Design I (40)

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Dimensioning

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Product Design I (40)

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Avoid Over-Dimensioning

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Product Design I (40)

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Avoid Over-Dimensioning

= tan-1(12.7/7.1) = 60.8o

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Product Design I (40)

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Basic Dimensioning Style

Continue dimensioning Baseline dimensioning

Ordinate dimensioning
Ken Youssefi Product Design I (40)

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Tolerancing
Tolerancing is the technique of dimensioning parts within a desired range of variation. Why tolerancing?

Parts made by different companies have to be interchangeable. Mating parts have to fit precisely.

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

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Size Tolerancing Bilateral 1.250 .003 Unilateral 1.250

+ _ .001 .003

Limit Form 1.251 1.247

Ken Youssefi Product Design I (40)

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Mating Parts

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Product Design I (40)

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Type of Fits for Mating Parts Clearance Fit

mating parts. Results in a space between the

Interference Fit Transition Fit

or clearance fit.

Results in an interference between two parts (no space). It requires force to assemble parts (force fit). May results in either interference

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Product Design I (40)

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Example Clearance Fit

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Product Design I (40)

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ANSI Tables for Fits

Clearance fits (running and sliding) RC1 to RC9

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Product Design I (40)

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ANSI Tables for Fits

Clearance fits (Locational) LC1 to LC11

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

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ANSI Tables for Fits

Interference fits (Force and Shrink fits) FN1 to FN5

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Product Design I (40)

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Geometric Tolerancing Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GDT)

GDT defines the features of a part more efficiently than just the size. It also defines the standards for verifying the specified size and form. ANSI Y14.5-1994

Ken Youssefi

Product Design I (40)

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Geometric Tolerancing
Geometric tolerancing is a system that specifies the form, profile, orientation, and location of parts features using the ANSI standards.

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Product Design I (40)

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Geometric Tolerancing - Examples

Form tolerancing

Flatness Profile tolerancing

Straightness

Line

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Product Design I (40)

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Geometric Tolerancing - Examples

Orientation tolerancing Perpendicularity

Parallelism
Ken Youssefi Product Design I (40)

Angularity
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Geometric Tolerancing - Examples

Location tolerancing

Concentricity

Symmetry

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Product Design I (40)

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