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Understanding Polynomials and Their Properties

A polynomial is an algebraic expression with whole number powers and real number coefficients, represented as f(x) = an xn + an-1 x + ... + a0. Polynomials can be classified into monomials, binomials, and trinomials based on the number of terms, and their degree is determined by the highest exponent. The document also outlines operations on polynomials and relationships between their coefficients and zeroes.

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32 views10 pages

Understanding Polynomials and Their Properties

A polynomial is an algebraic expression with whole number powers and real number coefficients, represented as f(x) = an xn + an-1 x + ... + a0. Polynomials can be classified into monomials, binomials, and trinomials based on the number of terms, and their degree is determined by the highest exponent. The document also outlines operations on polynomials and relationships between their coefficients and zeroes.

Uploaded by

mokshithreddymavuri38
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

POLYNOMIAL

S
General representation of a
polynomial: f(x) = an xn + an – 1
x + an – 2 – 2+…….+ a1x +
n–1

a0 where, n = positive integer


and the constants a0, a1, a2…are
called as coefficients. Here f(x)
is a polynomial invariable x.
An algebraic expression,
in which variables do not
occur in the denominator,
powers of variables are
whole numbers and
numerical coefficients of
various terms are real
numbers, is called a
polynomial.
We can do the following
operations while solving
polynomials
(i) Addition of
polynomials
(ii) Subtraction of
polynomials
(iii) Multiplication of
Polynomials can be
classified on the basis of
number of terms as :
(i) Monomial : One term,
for example : 2x, x2, 2x3
(ii) Binomial : Two terms,
for example : 6a – 5, x2+1
(iii) Trinomial : Three
terms, for example : m2– m
– 1, x+y+z4
The highest value of
exponents is called
degree of polynomial. For
example : x2 – 3 is a
second degree
polynomial. a + 11 is a
first degree polynomial.
x4 – 16 is a fourth degree
polynomial.
A polynomial of degree
0 is called a constant
1.If α and β are the zeroes
of p(x) = ax2 + bx + c and
a ≠ 0, then
(i) α + β = – b/a, and
(ii) α β = c/a

A quadratic polynomial whose


zeroes are α and β is given by
p(x) or f(x) = x2 – (α + β)x + αβ.
If α, β and γ are the zeroes of polynomial
p(x)=ax3 + bx2 + cx + d and a ≠ 0, then
(i) α + β + γ = –b/a
(ii) αβ + βγ + γα =ca
(iii) αβγ = –d/a

A cubic polynomial whose zeroes are α, β


and γ is given by
p(x) or f(x) = x3 – (α + β + γ)x2 + (αβ + βγ
+ γα)x – αβγ
A real number ‘a’ is a zero of a
polynomialf(x) if f(a) = 0
A polynomial of degree n can have
atmost real roots.
Geometrically, the zeroes of a
polynomial f(x) are the x-coordinates of
the points where the graph
y= f(x) intersects X-axis.

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