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Pre - Week 9

The document discusses the Standard Normal Distribution, explaining the concepts of z-scores and t-scores, which are used to analyze data in psychological and educational contexts. It details how to interpret z-scores, providing an example comparing two students, Elif and Arda, based on their performance. Additionally, it describes the t-score as a transformation of the z-score, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10, making it easier to interpret in educational settings.

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24 views13 pages

Pre - Week 9

The document discusses the Standard Normal Distribution, explaining the concepts of z-scores and t-scores, which are used to analyze data in psychological and educational contexts. It details how to interpret z-scores, providing an example comparing two students, Elif and Arda, based on their performance. Additionally, it describes the t-score as a transformation of the z-score, with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10, making it easier to interpret in educational settings.

Uploaded by

eda uzun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BASIC STATISTICS GPCP 207-02

Week 10: The z-score and t-


score

Dr. H. Eren Suna


18.12.2020
The Standart Normal Distribution

2
The Standard Normal Distribution

> It is basically a normal


distribution with a mean «0»,
and a standard deviation «1».

> It is empirically shown that


many psychological and
educational variables are
distributed normally in
population.

> So, the standard normal


distribution helps us to
understand the nature of
people characteristics.

3
The Standard Normal Distribution

> In order to use the standard normal distribution for analyzing


our data we need to transform the scores in our samples to the
standard normal scores.

> The z-score is expressed in standard deviation units, that is,


the z-score
tells us how many standard deviations above or below the
mean our score is. If you have a negative z-score then your
score is below the mean; if you have a positive z-score then
your score is above the mean.

> Thus, a z-score of 1 tells us that it falls one standard


deviation above the mean. 4
The Standart Normal Distribution

> In order to use the standard normal distribution for analysing


our data we need to transform the scores in our samples to the
standard normal scores.

5
The Standard Normal Distribution

Example

Assume that you are a lecturer and you have the final
statistics results of 340 students. You can find the data as
«Example 5-n340». Please interpret the performance of
Elif and Arda in comparison with their classmates.

.
6
The Standart Normal Distribution

Elif (z=-0,72) Arda (z=1,06)


Higher than 23,58% Higher than 85,54%

7
The t-score

> The t-score is just a transformation of z-score.

> In educational settings, scores are generally


changing from 0 to 100. In this manner t-score is
generally used because it is interpreted easier
than z-score.

8
The t-score

9
The t-score

 As you can see, t-score comes through a


standard normal distribution, but its mean is 50
and standard deviation is 10.

 > So, you first calculate the z-score and after


that:

10
The Standard Normal Distribution

Elif (z=-0,72) Arda (z=1,06)


Higher than 23,58% Higher than 85,54%

11
The t-score

Elif (z=-0,72) Arda (z=1,06)


(t=42,79) (t=60,65)
Higher than 23,58% Higher than 85,54%

12
Thanks!
Does anyone have any questions?
Please raise your hand or write in Chat
session!

Dr. H. Eren Suna


herensuna@gmail.com

13

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