The Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System: A Progress Report

Patricio A. Bernal, Executive Secretary IOC

UN role
Define the proper scale of the problem and solution. The system must be:
Fully owned by the Indian Ocean Rim countries Based on international multilateral cooperation Based on the open and free exchange of data Protect all countries in the Indian Ocean Basin Transparent and accountable to all members
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How does it function?

Is based on the joint operation of international networks of detection connected with national tsunami warning centres UN governance provided under the IOC Each nation is responsible for issuing warnings in their territory and protect its own population. National centres must have strong links with emergency preparedness authorities (national, provincial and local)
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Where are we now?

A single system being planned All countries of the Indian Ocean participate Tsunami advisory information provided from centres in Hawaii and Tokyo. National focal points designated in 14 nations Governance of UN/IOC accepted in Paris Full scope of the task recognized: multi-nation (27), multi-year (>3) Beyond the emergency: transition to reconstruction and development phase. Joint UN implementation: IOC,WMO,ISDR,UNDP

Timeline 2005
Ja F M A M J Jul A S O N D Ja F e
Implementation Interim System IOC-WMO-ISDR Implementation full system 2005-2006
Jan 25-26: China-ASEAN Beijing Workshop Jan 28-29: Ministerial Meeting, Phuket, Thailand Feb 16: EOS III/GEOSS, Brussels Feb 22-24 Tokyo Seminar senior Officers Affected countries. Feb 28-March 2: Workshop NHK and Asian Broadcasting Union March 3-8: IOC 1st Regional Technical Coordination Meeting, Paris March 6-19: JICA/ADRC training course, Tokyo March 14-16: WMO GTS workshop, Jakarta, Indonesia April 14-16: IOC 2nd Regional Coordination Meeting, Mauritius June 21 IOC General Assembly, Paris: Formal establishment IOTWS

5. Example 1: DISASTER
2-Year Target
Advocate expansion of seismic monitoring networks, plus expansion of the present network of ocean-bottom pressure sensors, and upgrade existing global networks (e.g. the GSN) so that all critical instruments relay data in real time, in support of better tsunami warning worldwide.

Task 1
Set of provided Tasks by IOC

Facilitate immediately (6 months) upgrading of the existing Tsunami detection networks in Indian Ocean.

Task 2

Contribute to the design of the Tsunami early waning systems in Indian Ocean and expand to global coverage.

Task 3

Contribute to the elaboration of preparedness plan/vulnerability maps using EO and GIS techniques.
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5. Example 1: DISASTER
Task Title

Immediate implementation of tsunami detection networks in the Indian Ocean. Rank Priority 1 (Initiated in 2005) A (High) GEOSS Role Category Support- coordinate In situ networks Description Upgrading of existing in-situ sea-level networks in the Indian Ocean. Install 6 real-time instruments in the eastern Indian Ocean and upgrade 15 in the central, west and southern Indian Ocean. Responsible IOC Start Time End Time March 2005 October 2005 Output / Confirmation of presence/absence of a tsunami following an intense Deliverables earthquake. Funding Req. Funding from UN/OCHA Humanitarian Flash Appeal (Project TSUREG-05/CSS06-REGION funded by Japan, Sweden, EU, Norway, Finland and Germany). No funding from GEOSEC. |7 Relation Task 1 & 2

Implementation
Fast-track, based on existing networks seismographic and sea-level. CTBTO broadcasting data experimentally Sea-level GLOSS network being upgraded Communication channels being provided through existing operators (GTS of WMO) Plans for full-fledged system to be completed: technical group been convened Interim solution operating in October or before

SEISMOGRAPHIC NETWORK

Indian Ocean GLOSS

WHITE CROSS retransmission to PTWC via GTS Select station from map for data display.
There are 9 GLOSS sites with hourly real-time data, 11 additional sites with hourly fast delivery data, 10 sites with hourly data later than 1999, 2 sites with hourly data before 1999, 15 sites with monthly data later than 1999, and 8 sites with monthly data before 1999.

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5. Example 1: DISASTER
2-Year Target
Advocate expansion of seismic monitoring networks, plus expansion of the present network of ocean-bottom pressure sensors, and upgrade existing global networks (e.g. the GSN) so that all critical instruments relay data in real time, in support of better tsunami warning worldwide.

Task 1
Set of provided Tasks by IOC

Facilitate immediately (6 months) upgrading of the existing Tsunami detection networks in Indian Ocean.

Task 2

Contribute to the design of the Tsunami early waning systems in Indian Ocean and expand to global coverage.

Task 3

Contribute to the elaboration of preparedness plan/vulnerability maps using EO and GIS techniques.
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5. Example 1: DISASTER
Task Title Rank GEOSS Role Description

Responsible Start Time Output / Deliverables Funding Req. Relation

Finalizing the design of a Tsunami Detection System for the Indian Ocean including exploring new technologies. Priority 1 (Initiated in 2005) A (High) Category Support- coordinate In situ networks Updated design for a Tsunami Warning System for the Indian Ocean, incorporating new technologies and optimizing the deployment of existing networks. IOC; WMO; IUGG; EO specialists End Time April 2005 October 2005 Common plan for a tsunami Warning System for the 27 nations of the Indian Ocean Rim; integrating national contributions from member states of IOC and centrally implemented Programme/Projects. UN/OCHA Humanitarian Flash Appeal. National Contributions, International Development Aid. |12 Task 1 & 2

Deep Sea P Sensor

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Deep-sea pressure sensors (Germany)

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Suggested global distribution of deep sea pressure sensors (to be defined)

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Suggested improvement of seismographic network in Indonesia (Germany)

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Suggested placement of new seismographic and deep sea pressure sensors (India)

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Suggested real-time sea level stations (India)

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Surface Currents (India)

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Beyond the immediate response: Planning the extension to Global Coverage:

Caribbean Region (IOCARIBE) South West Pacific (Australia) South-China Sea (WESTPAC/ASEAN) Mediterranean: France, Spain Portugal Algeria Strengthening of the Pacific System (USA, Senate Bill 50) ITSU October 2005

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Beyond the immediate response: Multi-hazard platform

Storm surges (IOC, WMO, JCOMM-) Tropical storms (WMO, JCOMM) Improving Storm and cyclones track forecasts (IOC, WMO, JCOMM) Ice Hazard (IOC, WMO, JCOMM) Donor Coordination: Financial pledges to project extending Tsunami coverage to the 27 nations of Indian Ocean Rim beyond 2005 and to a multihazard platform (TSU-REG-05/CSS10 Region)
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GEO Members Support

Deep-sea pressure sensors technology (DARTs availability). Facilitating free exchange of national data for the protection of life and property. Communication channels for increased number of instrumental platforms (Geo-stationary Meteo Sats.) Support for the establishment of an IOC Operational Centre for disaster management Participation in planning exercise, new technologies: GPS; Scatter of Multi GPS, Crust deformation,new communication technologies.
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