Economic Development and Environment

Economic Development
Economic development is a broad term that generally refers to the sustained, concerted effort of policymakers and community to promote the standard of living and economic health in a specific area. Such effort can involve multiple areas including development of human capital, critical infrastructure, regional competitiveness, environmental sustainability, social inclusion, health, safety, literacy, and other initiatives. Economic development differs from economic growth. Whereas economic development is a policy intervention endeavour with aims of economic and social well-being of people, economic growth is a phenomenon of market productivity and rise in GDP.

Economic Development in India

The economic development in India followed socialist-inspired policies for most of its independent history, including stateownership of many sectors; extensive regulation and red tape known as "Licence Raj"; and isolation from the world economy. India's per capita income increased at only around 1% annualized rate in the three decades after Independence. Since the mid-1980s, India has slowly opened up its markets through economic liberalization. After more fundamental reforms since 1991 and their renewal in the 2000s, India has progressed towards a free market economy. In the late 2000s, India's growth has reached 7.5%, which will double the average income in a decade. Analysts say that if India pushed more fundamental market reforms, it could sustain the rate and even reach the government's 2011 target of 10%. States have large responsibilities over their economies.

Economic development and environment issues India and China Comparison

China and India are the fastest growing economies in the world and their growing industries are two major pollutant dischargers. China and India's enormous economic and demographic development is blamed by other nations, who say that they have annihilated their reduction efforts, for the rise in carbon emissions. Emissions of fossil-fuel combustion have decreased in the industrialised world, whereas they have increased in these two countries, although their average CO2 emissions per inhabitant were still below average.

Comparison

In India, the main polluting factors are the China's main polluters are located in rapid urbanisation and industrialisation, western and coastal areas. Despite along with population growth. having improved the quality of life of Greenhouse-gases-induced climate change Chinese people, the rapid economic will lead to a rise in temperatures that development and industrialisation might negatively impact crop cultures and has resulted into wide-spread air and provoke more heat-wave deaths, an water pollution, smog and an increase increase in rainfall which might lead to in primary energy consumption. The more floods and growing difficulties to predict the exact time of monsoons. From country seems to be poised to cause an economic point of view, these changes more environmental damage than could prove harmful for India unless the India. Despite its population growing government takes rapid action. India's less fast than India, China's emissions growing industrialisation and remain higher and pollution there is urbanisation process is responsible for a more apparent. large part of CO2 emissions, one of the main sources of air pollution, but significant variations can be seen among Indian states.

The Indian Mining Sector: Effect on environment

Thank You

By: Dilip Solanki IM-2K7-29