Challenges at the Individual Level Job Satisfaction Empowerment Behaving Ethically Challenges at the Group Level Working With

With Others Workforce Diversity

Challenges at the Organizational Level Productivity Developing Effective Employees Absenteeism Turnover Organizational Citizenship behaviour Competition From the Global Environment Managing and Working in a Global Village

Absenteeism
Failure

to report to work when they are scheduled to work and involuntary. withdrawal from the organization Permanent

Turnover
Voluntary

Organizational citizenship behaviour

Discretionary behaviour that is not part of an

employees formal job requirements, but is helpful to the organization

Organizational Level
Productivity Developing Effective Employees Global Competition Managing in the Global Village

Group Level
Working With Others Workforce Diversity

Workplace

Individual Level
Job Satisfaction Empowerment Behaving Ethically

Globalization Workforce Diversity Team-based structure Out sourcing Innovation and Change

Downsizing Improving Customer Service Technology transformation Helping Employees Balance Work/Life Conflicts Improving Ethical Behavior

New organizational structures Different forms of communication Increased foreign assignments Increases competition, change, mergers, downsizing, stress Need to be more sensitive to cultural differences More importance for quality, productivity, innovation

Unfamiliar laws Languages Practices Competitors Management styles Work ethics

Diversity is dealing with a collective mixture of differences and similarities in a given group, and how they are made to work in cohesion Primary and secondary diversity More women in workforce and professions Different needs of Generation-X and Generation Y

Diversity Thinking globally Balance Techno-literacy Fun Informality Self-reliance

differently oriented toward work just a job Flexible hours, informal work environment, just the right amount of supervision Multi-tasking Give them lots to do and freedom to do it their way

Optimism Civic Duty Confidence Achievement Sociability Morality Diversity

Collective action Tenacity Heroic spirit Multi-tasking Technological savvy Have difficulty dealing with difficult people issues

Primary dimension
Age Gender Race

Secondary dimension

Education Work style Family status Income Communication style Work experience Religion Geographic location Cultural experience

Prejudice Stereotypes Discrimination

Offer language training to employees Provide transition counselling Training to learn about cross culture differences

The major challenge relates to dual career couple- couple where both the partners are actively pursuing professional careers Organisations use physical relocation as important means of developing talent The increasing number of dual career couple limits this flexibility The growing number of employees who are young in organisations

 Downsizing
Empowerment and Self-Managed Teams

Virtual teams Outsourcing

(Down sizing, Out sourcing) Outsourcing is the process of hiring outside firms to perform non-core activities

Generate virtual offices Attend webinars CCTvs Can electronic media substitute a faceto- face talk? Organisation structure Employee health because of time differences across the globe

Ethics is the use of moral principles and values to affect the behavior of individuals and organizations with regard to choices between what is right and wrong. In order to attract and retain valuable employees in an era in which good workers are constantly recruited away, organizations must treat employees in an ethical fashion.

Some of these dilemmas are privacy issues related to technology Computerised monitoring CCTV Tapping phones constitute an invasion into the privacy for some people The use of employee data from HRIS Whistle blowing

Companies have established codes of ethics, publicized statements of ethical values, provides ethics training, rewards employees for notable ethical behavior, publicized positive role models, and set up internal procedures to handle misconduct.