Tourism Main industry in Nepal with greatest season September to November when climate it best for mountaineering Tourism

is causing damage to the fragile environment Provides a direct income for local people Energy Currently utilise 1% of HEP potential Potential to meet all domestic energy needs through HEP and produce surplus (that could be sold for profit!) FDI required for energy industry -

Cost of Visas - 15 days = 20 - 30 days = 35 - 90 days = 75 Raising cost of visas could be one way to reduce the number of tourists visiting the fragile environment, also proving money that the government could invest in environmental protection..

Location Relief 612,021km2 total area Sub Himalayas 900-1200m Lower Himalayas up to 3700m Greater Himalayas >6000m - 9/14 highest mountains - Tibetan Plateau 4000m + Drainage 100-400km wide Store 12,000km3 of fresh water Two large river systems

Ecosystems Depending of fuelwood is high Vegetation dictated by altitude and rainfall with 80% of 4.2 million Poor soil vulnerable to extensive leaching has limited households dependent agricultural productivity This has lead to deforestation Sub-Himalayas = evergreen forest of all but 27% of Nepalese SUMMARY OF KEY forests Sub-tropical(lower Himalayas) = oak and 124,000 domestic biogas THEMES IN AIB magnolia then higher up berk and spruce pants which serves 1 million people and provides 11,000 Climate Alpine Forest = rhododendron and higher up jobs mosses and lichens, flowering plants up to Solar energy used for cooking - Seasonal monsoons, east end is and showers for travellers wetter (near Bangladesh) and drier 3000m and alpine meadows up to 5000m in west die to deflection by Above 5000m no vegetation grows Himalayas and generation of rainshadow Sub-Himalayas = tropical, 30C summer, 18C winter

Development Tourism is the dominant industry High potential for HEP GDP per capita (PPP) = $1300 GNI per capita = US$480 75% of population work in agriculture, mainly in subsistence Greatest trade partner is India Reliant on foreign aid

CBR = 21.85/1000 CDR = 6.75/1000 IMR = 43/1000 Literacy Rates = 48.6% LE = 68 (men), 70 (women) Population Density = 203 per km2 38.8% of under 5s are malnourished Main exports = carpets, clothing etc.

Lower-Himalayas = warm temperate, 25C summer own to 15C, winters below freezing Great Himalayas = cold alpine climate, above 4880m, average temperatures below freezing all year round