Professional Documents
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Done By, Sharatha 11pba106 I Mba A': Henry Ford
Done By, Sharatha 11pba106 I Mba A': Henry Ford
Done By, Sharatha 11pba106 I Mba A': Henry Ford
the problem formulation process. The project team should have detailed understanding of the problem, scope, intervention areas and the out come of the project to be hypothesized.
Project Planning
Project planning can be defined as A scientific and systematic process, in which logical linkages are clearly established, among various element of projects.
Functions Of Planning:
It provides the basic for organizing the work on the project and allocating the responsibilities to individuals. It is a means of communication and coordination between all those involved in the project. It induces people to look ahead It instills a sense of urgency and time consciousness. It establishes the basis for monitoring and control.
Budgeting Phase
The project budgeting phase is in the
project formulation phase. Two types of budgets are to be made. The prior one is the cost category budget (materials, administration, capital; expenditures etc) and the later is the activity budget. This project budget is to calculate the cost of each project output.
leader who is accountable for project performance The authority of the project leader and his team is commensurate with their responsibility. Adequate attention is given to the human side of the project system and method is clearly defined.
acquisition, tender evaluation, recruitment of personnel , construction of building etc. Estimate meticulously the resource requirement(manpower, materials, money etc.) For each period to realize the time plan. Define properly the inter linkages between activities of the project. Specify cost standards.
Advance Action
When the project appears prima facie to be viable and
desirable, advance action on the following activities may be initiated: acquisition of land, securing essential clearances, identifying technical collaborators/consultants, arranging for infrastructure facilities, preliminary design and engineering, and calling of tenders.
available to meet its requirements as per the plan of implementation- it would be highly desirable if funds are provided even before the final approval to initiate advance action. Piecemeal, ad-hoc, and niggardly allocation, with undue rigidities, can impair the maneuverability of the project team.
contract has obvious advantages. Since these contracts are likely to be bagged by the foreign suppliers, when global tenders are floated, a very important question arises. A judicious balance must be sought which moderates the outflow of foreign exchange and provides reasonable fillip to the development of indigenous technology.
one weak link can jeopardize the timely performance of contract. Proper discipline must be inculcated among contractors and suppliers by insisting that they should develop realistic and detailed resource and time plans which are congruent with the project plan. Penalties which may be graduated must be imposed for failure to meet contractual obligations. Likewise the incentives may be offered for good performance. Help should be extended to contractors and suppliers when they have genuine problems they should be regarded as partners in common pursuit. Project authorities must retain latitude to transfer contracts (partially or wholly)to other parties well in time where delays are anticipated.
Effective Monitoring
In order to keep a tab on the progress of the project, a system
of monitoring must be established. This helps in: Anticipating deviation from implementation plan. Analyzing immerging problem. Taking corrective action. It should focus sharply on the critical aspect of project implementation It must lay more emphasis on physical milestones and not on financial targets. It must be kept relatively simple. If made overcomplicated, it may lead to redundant paperwork and diversion of resources. Even worse, monitoring may be viewed as an end in itself rather than as a means to implement the project successfully.
T H A N K Y O U