HEAT EXCHANGER

Hanim ZA
2012
Types of Heat Exchanger
Types of Heat Exchanger
Heat Exchanger Analysis
The Log Mean Temperature Difference Method
1. Parallel Flow
h h h h p h
dT C dT C m dq = =
,

h p h
h
C m
dq
dT
,

=
1. Parallel Flow
Hot Fluid
Parallel Flow
c c c c p c
dT C dT C m dq = =
,

c p c
c
C m
dq
dT
,

=
Cold Fluid
Parallel Flow
Temperature Difference (1)
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = =
p,c c p,h h
c h c h
C m C m
dq ) T d(T dT dT

1 1
Parallel Flow
Heat Transfer in Differential section (2)
) (
c h
T T dA U dq =
Parallel Flow
Substituting equation (2) to (1)
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
c p c h p h c h
c h
c p c h p h
c h c h
C m C m
dA U
T T
T T d
C m C m
T T dA U T T d
, ,
, ,
1 1
) (
) (
1 1
) ( ) (


Parallel Flow
integrating equation
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

c p c h p h i c i h
o c o h
C m C m
A U
T T
T T
, , , ,
, ,
1 1
) (
) (
ln

Parallel Flow
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|

+

q
T T
q
T T
A U
T T
T T
q
T T
q
T T
A U
T T
T T
q
T T
q
T T
A U
T T
T T
i c i h o c o h
i c i h
o c o h
o c o h i c i h
i c i h
o c o h
o c i c o h i h
i c i h
o c o h
) ( ) (
) (
) (
ln
) ( ) (
) (
) (
ln
) ( ) (
) (
) (
ln
, , , ,
, ,
, ,
, , , ,
, ,
, ,
, , , ,
, ,
, ,
c p c
out c in c
h p h
out h in h
C m q
T T
and
C m q
T T
,
, ,
,
, ,
1
) (
1
) (

=

Parallel Flow
1
2
1 2
ln
T
T
T T
A U q
T A U q
lm
A
A
A A
=
A =
Counter Flow
Variation of fluid temperature
Counter Flow
Heat Rate
) (
) (
ln
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) (
) (
ln
, ,
, ,
, , , ,
, , , ,
, ,
, ,
o c i h
i c o h
o c i h i c o h
o c i h i c o h
o c i h
i c o h
T T
T T
T T T T
A U q
q
T T
q
T T
A U
T T
T T

=
|
|
.
|

\
|

lm
T A U q
T
T
T T
A U q
A =
A
A
A A
=
1
2
1 2
ln
Cross Flow
Heat Rate
Asumsi : T
lm
sama dengan aliran counter flow
Untuk menghitung nilai q ada faktor koreksi terhadap T
lm
yang
nilainya dipengaruhi oleh tipe Heat Exchager dan temperatur
1
2
1 2
ln
T
T
T T
A U F q T F A U q
lm
A
A
A A
= A =
Contoh soal
A counter flow double pipe heat exchanger is used
to heat water from 20
o
C to 80
o
C at a rate of 1,2
kg/s. The heating is to be accomplished with
geothermal available at 160
o
C at a mass flow rate 2
kg/s. the inner tube is thin-walled and has a
diameter of 1,5 cm. If the overall heat transfer
coefficient of heat exchanger is 640 W/m
2 o
C,
determine the lenght of heat exchanger required to
achieve the desired heating (C
p,c
= 4,1 8 kJ/kg
o
C ;
C
p,h
= 4,31 kJ/kg
o
C )