FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF

NANOBIOLOGY
Presented bySHIVANI TOMAR B.Tech (BT) Xth Trimester JV-B/09/1220

INTRODUCTION
Nanobiology signifies the merger of biological research with
nanotechnologies such as nanodevices, nanoparticles, or unique nanoscale phenomenon. Since all living things share the nanometer size of common components( DNA, proteins , membranes) biology is, and always living at the nanoscale. Biological systems are inherently nano in scale.Nanobiology targets biological systems and use biomacromolecules . It combines tools ,ideas , and materials of nanoscience and biology.

 It devices ways to construct molecular devices using biomolecules and biomacromolecules, using concepts seen in nature. Merging computation with experiment will accelerate will enhance its application in key areas like drug delivery and biomaterial design. As a merger of nanotechnology and biology ,nanobiology encompasses a wide range of research topics that can be divided into - Nanotechnologies applied to biological systems. - Development of biologically inspired nanotechnology.

 BIOMEMITICS: Study of biological systems to inspire Human-engineering system that relies on natural systems for design concepts. e.g.-Lotus plant as inspiration for water repellent technology.

Nanobiological Sructures and systems

At nanoscale ,the leaves of lotus plant have regularlyspaced features that causes water droplets to roll off the leaf surface, without spreading out and wetting the leaf. This natural water-repellency has been mimicked by constructing similar nanostructures out of polymeric materials that mimic th non-wettable, water repellent surface.

 NANOMEDICINE: Monitoring, repair, construction and control of human biological systems at the molecular level .It includes: Nanorobots- Identify cells based on surface antigens . - Identifying and isolating Cancer cells. - an be used to treat Vascular C disease, physical trauma, even biological aging. - Would totally change the world of medicine once it is realized.

Nanocontainers Deliver Drugs Directly to Cells Directly to Cells : Forms micelleReach Golgi apparatus, , mitochondriaAdminister small doses efficiently. ,

 Neurochips : Interfaces neurons with electronics , Potential applications sensory enhancement systems . Biodetection of Pathogens, Proteins, Tissue engineering etc. NANO-INTERFACIAL BIOLOGY: Focuses on chemical and biochemical interactions with inerfaces at the nanoscale. One interesting component is self assembly of biological molecules. By optimizing how biological molecules or cells can form larger ,defined structures with regular repeating pattern at micro and nano scale, we can develop nanoscale devices that can trigger biological response. E.g- Interfacial complex electrical systems like microchips with nervous system

FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF NANOBIOLOGY AND RECENT BREAKTHROUGHS

New Self-Assembling Particles Offer Great Promise for Optical Materials and Ceramics: use nature's properties for atoms and apply them to the colloidal world

Nanoparticles Provide Reinforcement for Invisible Braces in Orthodontics. Scientists discover how to control the shape of nanoparticles that move the shapes of these carriers may increase efficiency of treating cancer and other diseases.

 Nanoparticles in medicated and cosmetic creams are able to transport and deliver active ingredients deep inside the skin. According to an international research unique photoluminescent particles have been created that can shine clearly through 3 cm of biological tissue- a promising tool for deep-tissue optical Bioimaging. Nanopores promise cost saving in gene sequencing. Researches boost efficacy of drugs by using nanoparticles to target power house of cells. In silico computational tool to complement the results of in vivo, in vitro approach opens doors for nanoparticle- based drug delivery to treat fatal diseases like pancreatic cancer.

 Stem cell scientists have capitalized on the electrica properties of widely used nanomaterial to develop cells which may allow the regeneration of cardiac cells. Nanoparticles tailored to interact with platelets rapidly create healthy clots and nearly double the survival rate . Polymer coating allows nanoparticle to diffuse through the brain tissues to treat brain tumour. Nanoparticles may detect biochemistry of inflammation. Recently Tokyo has developed glass ceramic nanotiles ,with its surface having nanometer Tio2 thin layer, used to produce packaging containers. Nanotechnology device aims to prevent malariae death through rapid diagnosis.

limitations
Potential for mass poisoning over a period of time. Lack of our own knowledge to understand the impact of the creation of these products will have on the nanoscale. Could potentially be able to create a human race that is engineered and altered to become hyperintelligent and super strong. There is a host of potential weaponry that could be produced on a molecular level. Ethical problems

Nanobiology is in its infancy ,yet

the field promises solutions of many fascinating problems with a great future perspective.

REFERENCES
http://www.scribd.com/doc/53667344/Nano-Biology http://phys.org/nanotech-news/ http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/nanote chnology/ http://www.biota.org/ostman/chpage8x.htm http://www.jnanobiotechnology.com/content/9/1/55 http://nanogloss.com/nanotechnology/the-potentialdisadvantages-of-nanotechnology/#axzz2AcUVcTme