SUBJECT
Medicine
TOPIC
Sexually Transmitted Infections
LECTURER
Dr. Gabriel (June 23, 2008)
TRANSGROUP Kapitan Boom and Friends
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\ue000WHO has estimated about 315 million
cases of the curable STD occur each year
in the world
\ue000SOUTHEAST ASIA estimate between 9-17%
of individuals aged 15-49 may acquire an
infection in any one year
\ue000USA STD Cases
o
CDC estimates 19 million new
infection occur each year
o
About 8.5 million among young
people ages 15 to 24 yrs
o
$14.7 billion for direct medical cost
each year in US
o
In 2006, chlamydia, gonorrhea &
syphilis are the three notifiable
STD in US
\ue000STD Cases Worldwide
o
Certain STD\u2019s (syphilis, gonorrhea,
HIV, Hep B, chancroid) are most
concentrated
within
\u201ccore
populations\u201d having high rates of
partner
change,
concurrent
partners
or
\u201cdense\u201d
sexual
networks like prostitutes and their
clients and persons involved in the
use of illicit drugs.
Factors that determine the spread of
STD\u2019s
1. rate of exposure
2. efficiency of transmission per exposure
3. duration of infectivity of those infected
Host factors on the spread of STD
1. Risk behaviors
2. Socio-economic
3. Beliefs & Gender identification
\u201cPHILIPPINES have started to provide STI
data which might be under reported.
\u201cGuesstimate suggest that STD are quite
common\u201d
Current problems of STI detection in
the Philippines
\ue000Reports from social hygiene clinics were
obtained from select high risk groups
\ue000Social hygiene clinics do not have
laboratory capability to perform diagnostic
screening test
\ue000Lack of equipment and reagents for STD
testing
\ue000Private practitioner were reluctant to
report STD to DOH
\ue000Problems on data result from inadequate
training of doctors, nurses & midwife
STD in the Philippines
\ue000In Philippines, STI prevalence from 1999
to 2002 of chlamydia infection among
high risk group (registered female sex
workers) was 27-36%; and in general
population group was 5.75% in women
and 4.4% in men.
\ue000Factors related to transmission include
extramarital relationships, multiple sex
partners and low condom use in men.
Young people have relatively high
prevalence.
\ue000Most men would never divulge their STI
status to their partners, thus, making
women more vulnerable to STIs.
Transmitted in Adults by Sexual Intercourse
Viruses
Others
Neisseria
gonorrhea
HIV 1 & 2
Trichomonas
vaginalis
Chlamydia
trachomatis
HTLV 1
Phthirus
pubis
Treponema
palidium
Herpes
simplex
Type 2
Hemophylus
ducreyi
Human
papilloma
virus
Calymmatobacter
ium granulomatis Hepatitis B
Ureaplasma
urealyticum
Molluscum
contagiosu
m
Risk-behavior
Practices
Multiple Partners
Men Having Sex
with men
STD SURVEILLANCE
Number of STD Cases per Year (1999 - 2004)
19
20
20
20
20
2
STD STATISTICS
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