Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UMTS Fundamentals
Objectives
After completing this module, the participant should be able to:
Identify the principles of cellular system Identify and list the components in 2G Identify the motivation factors for 3G Identify the specification process Explain GSM and UMTS service concept
UMTS Development:
GSM was to be further evolved in the GSM Phase 2+ in such a manner that its capabilities progressed toward UMTS. The GSM network and protocol structures were developed so that they can be used as a platform not only for high level GSM services, but also for UMTS. The introduction of dual and multimode terminals is of great importance.
In Phase 2+ HSCSD, GPRS, and EDGE are introduced to enhance the data transmission capabilities.
Telecommuting.
Multimedia messaging. Improved quality of service.
4G Candidate
2.- The latency of user plane traffic (UMTS: >30 ms) and of resource assignment procedures (UMTS: >100 ms) is too big to handle traffic with high bit rate variance efficiently. 3.- The terminal complexity for WCDMA or MC-CDMA systems is quite high, making equipment expensive, resulting in poor performing implementations of receivers and inhibiting the implementation of other performance enhancements like MIMO for a lot of equipment.
Scalable bandwidth
of 1.4 20 MHz
Decreased cost / GB
3G
LOW 802.11
802.16a/d
802.16e
802.11a/b/g
< 1 Mbps
< 10 Mbps
< 50 Mbps
< 1 Gbps
GGSN
SGSN RNC
Node B (NB)
Network Overview
RAN
Radio Access Network
CN
Core Network
GSM BSS
Entities common
UE
UTRAN PS Domain
TS 23.060:
GPRS
UMTS Network
RAN GERAN (GSM EDGE Radio Access Network)
Circuit Switched (CS) domain
External Network
new
GERAN
PSTN/ ISDN
CSE EIR
HLR
UTRAN
SGSN
IPbackbone
(G-)MSC Server:
Call Control Mobility Management MGW Control VLR functionality CDRs (HLR-Interrogation)
HLR
D
MSC Server
Iu
Nc (e.g. BICC)
GMSC Server
Mc
Mc (H.248/MEGACO)
GERAN
A
Bearer Level
CSMGW
MGW:
Bearer Control
UTRAN
Iu
CSMGW
PSTN/ ISDN
CDR: Call Data Records BICC: Bearer Independent Call Control MGW: Media Gateway
MEGACO: IETF Media Gateway Control protocol H.248: ITU protocol for Media Gateway Control
CS Domain
MSC / VLR
GMSC
Storing secret Keys (counterpart: USIM) & Security Algorithm Generating Security Parameter (GSM: Triples; UMTS: Quintets) Deliver Parameter to VLR / SGSN (via HLR) Associated with HLR
HLR
Gr
SGSN
AuC
Gc
GGSN
PS Domain
Subscriber data (Examples): Semi-permanent Data: MSISDN, IMSI, Services (BS, TS, SS), QoS Profile, CSI, Service Restrictions,.. Temporary Data: VLR / SGSN address, MS Non-Reachable flag, MSRN, SMS flags,..
BS: Bearer Service TS: Tele Service SS: Supplementary Service CSI: CAMEL Subscription Information QoS: Quality of Service IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identity MSISDN: Mobile Station ISDN Number MSRN: Mobile Station Roaming Number
Main
VLR
tasks:
For all UEs in MSC Area
VLR as MSCs Data Base: Subscriber Profile, e.g. IMSI, MSISDN, Services (TS, BS, SS),.. Temporary Subscriber Data e.g. LMSI, TMSI, MSRN, Security Parameter, Location Information, IMSI attach/detach,..
storing Subscriber profiles Mobility Management storing Location Information controlling Security Features*
B MSC
VLR
* e.g. Authentication, Authorization, Cipher & Integrity Start
Location Updates (Subscriber Profiles VLR) Security Parameter (via HLR VLR) Interrogation (MSRN via HLR to GMSC)
HLR AuC D
IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identity LMSI: Local Mobile Subscriber Identity TMSI: Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
TS: Tele Services BS: Bearer Services SS: Supplementary Services MSRN: Mobile Station Roaming Number
CN
A
Core Network
VLR
B
RAN
Radio Access Network
IWF/
MSC
Gs F
Iu(CS)
R N C
TC
IWF
C
Interworking: TDM ATM all classical CN-Interfaces (A-G): TDM based (E1/T1 PCM30/PCM24) Iu(CS): ATM based
BlaBla Bla
TC
Transcoding CN function in UMTS: part of MSC or standalone N.E. Conversion of Speech Data (CN RAN): using AMR speech codec CN: 64 kbit/s (ISDN) RAN: 4.75 12.2 kbit/s (AMR)
BlaBla Bla
64 kbit/s (ISDN)
CN
UTRAN
CS Domain
MSC / VLR
EIR
Gf
SGSN
International Mobile station Equipment Identity (IMEI)
PS Domain
CS Domain
MSC / VLR
IWF/ TC
(De-)Ciphering & BEC (Layer 2 tasks) storing UEs location information RNS-Control (RNC & Node Bs) ATM Switching
(Iu, Iur & Iub: ATM Interfaces)
SGSN
PS Controller Domain
Iu(CS) RNS
Radio Network Sub system
Node B
Iu(PS)
UTRAN
Iur
RNC
Iub
Node B
RNC
Iub
Node B Node B
Uu
UE
WCDMA Transmission
ATM Termination Forward Error Correction FEC Radio Interface Measurements
(Quality & Strength)
RNS
Radio Network Sub system
RNC
Radio Network Controller
RNC
U T R NodeAB N
Node B
Iub
Node B Node B Node B
Uu
UE
Sector-Cell Omni-Cell
Node B
Sector-Cell
Node B
Sector-Cell
UE User Equipmen
MSC/VLR
Node B
RNC
SGSN UE = ME + USIM
Uu
USIM
ME
Mobile Equipment
Identity Module
UTRAN
HSS:
similar HLR
CSE
WAP
CSCF
HSS
MGCF R
Uu
Node B
Iub
UE
(USIM)
R N C Iur R N C Iu
IP Backbone
R R SGSN R
R IP
Gi
Node B
GGSN
X.25
Node B
Iub
MGCF:
MGW control
Call Control Signalling Protocol Conversion (SS7 to SIP)
R`5 TS 23.002
HSS: Home Subscriber Server MGW: Media Gateway MGCF: Media Gateway Control Function SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
other PLMN
High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) Up to 10 Mbps Non real time data transfer Downlink
MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Ouput)
Multiple antennas in UE and Node B / spacial multiplexing
Legacy CS domain
Applications
Common Session Control
Supports: Multicast Handover (Vertical) QoS for RT Services
UTRAN
GERAN
IMS
UTRAN-Evolution
(LTE)
eGSN
4G / Multi-Hop
WLAN AP
WiMAX BS
MGW
PSTN PLMN
DVB-x
other PLMN
Internet Intranet
CS Circuit Switched IMS IP based Multimedia Subsystem eGSN enhanced GPRS Support Node
DSL Access
Digital TV
PLMN - Public Land Mobile Network PSTN - Public Switched Telephony Network
Gb Iu
SGSN
GPRS Core
PCRF
UTRAN
Rx+ S7 S3 S4 S6 S5a S1
MME UPE HSS Op.
S5b
3GPP Anchor
IASA
IP
SAE Anchor
SGi
WLAN 3GPP IP Access
Serv. (IMS,
Evolved RAN
S2b S2a
ePDG
PSS, etc)