Spanish Adjectives and Adverbs List absolutely active bad badly beautiful best better bitter cheerful clearly

clever correctly difficult easily easy fat friendly good good great greater hard heavy high, tall large least less light little long loving low, short absolutamente activo malo mal hermoso el mejor mejor amargo alegre claramente listo correctamente difcil fcilmente fcil gordo amable bueno bueno grande mayor duro pesado alto grande el menos menos ligero poco largo carioso bajo more most much narrow nice polite poor pretty punctual rapidly rich sensitive serious short shy small soft sour strong sweet the best the greatest the least the worst thin ugly weak well wide witty worse worst ms el ms mucho estrecho simptico correcto pobre lindo, bonito puntual rpidamente rico sensible serio corto tmido pequeo blando agrio fuerte dulce el mejor el mayor el menor el peor delgado feo dbil bien ancho gracioso peor el peor

Spanish Reflexive Verbs to bathe to be happy to be surprised to break (arm, leg) to brush (hair, teeth) to burn (oneself, one's body) to calm down to cheer up to comb (hair) to cut (hair, nails) to fall (down) to fall asleep to get a job to get angry to get bored baarse alegrarse sorprenderse quebrarse cepillarse quemarse calmarse animarse peinarse cortarse caerse dormirse colocarse enojarse aburrirse to get up to go to bed to have a good time to hurt oneself to make up one's mind to put on (clothes) to put on makeup to put on makeup to say goodbye to to shave to sit down to stay, remain to take a shower to take off (clothes) to tear (clothes) to break (arm, leg) levantarse acostarse divertirse lastimarse decidirse ponerse maquillarse pintarse despedirse afeitarse sentarse quedarse ducharse quitarse romperse

to get dressed to get ready to get scared to get sick to get tired

vestirse arreglarse asustarse enfermarse cansarse

to try on to wake up to wash (up) to worry

probarse despertarse lavarse preocuparse

Plural in Spanish When a word is ending in an unstressed vowel add the letter s. like in: la casa - las casas, la picina - las picinas. When a word is ending in a consonant add the letters es. el seor - los seores, la ciudad - las ciudades. When a word is ending in s preceded by an unstressed vowel generally the plural stays the same in both singular and plural: el lunes (Monday) - los lunes (Mondays), la crisis (the crisis), las crisis (the crises). When a word is ending in z change the ending zes to ces. el pez (fish) - los peces(fish), el juez (the judge) - los jueces (judges), la luz ( the light) - las luces (the lights). When a word is ending in n in an unstressed syllable add an accent to the appropriate vowel to maintain the correct stress: el examen (the exam) los exmenes (exams). When a word is ending with a y the plural will need -es even if the y is a vowel, due to the phonetic nature of the word: el rey (the king) - los reyes (kings). Don't get confused to see all these exceptions, 95 % of the Spanish words follow the first rule, which is simply: add -s to a word ending in a vowel, and -es to a word ending in a consonant. Summery: Its easy to make the plural out of singular, from both masculine and plural, the table below will refresh what you just learned, note that these rules can be applied on adjectives as well. Nouns in Spanish When a noun ends in a vowel, add -s. When a noun ends in any consonant except z. When a noun ends in a -z, change the -z to a -c and add -es.

libro coche radio seor ley mes luz juez vez

libros coches radios seores leyes meses luces jueces veces

In Spanish there are three categories of verbs: -ar verbs (like hablar, to speak), -er verbs (like comer, to eat), -ir verbs (like vivir, to live), In regular verbs the ending is identical and you can simply follow a specific rule to conjugate them all, we will take the present indicative as an example of conjugating regular verbs, since it's the tense used most, for example hablar (to talk), comer (to eat), and vivir (to live), the present indicative forms are made by removing the infinitive ending of the verb (-ar, -er or -ir) and replacing it with an ending that indicates who is performing the action of the verb: Spanish Verbs Stem +(-o, -as,-a, -amos, -is, -an ) for verbs ending in -ar. Stem +(-o, -es,-e, -emos,-is,-en) for verbs ending in -er. Stem +(-o, -es, -e, -imos, -s, -en) for verbs ending in -ir. The best thing about regular verbs is that you can apply the above rules (endings) to all regular verbs, it's important to know the stem of the verb so that you can add the endings to it, like the stem of hablar is habl, comer: com, vivir: viv. I speak = yo +habl+o = yo hablo. You can have a look at the table below and see the endings of each verb, it includes a list of: present participle, past participle, present indicative, preterit indicative, Imperfect indicative, future indicative, imperative (Commands). Spanish Regular Verbs Verb Pr Part Pa Part hablado comido Present hablo,as,a,amos,an como,es,e,emos,en Preterite habl,aste,, amos,aron com,iste,i, imos,ieron Imperfect hablaba,s,-,mos,n coma,s,-,mos,n Future hablar,s,, emos,n comer,s,, emos,n Reg (hablando ar) Reg (-er) comiendo

Imperative

habla, habl

come,come

Reg (-ir) viviendo

vivido

vivo,es,e,imos,en

viv,iste,i, imos,ieron

viva,s,-,mos,n

vivir,s,, emos,n

vive,vivid

The tables below are more detailed, and treat each tense separately; we will start with the present tense: Spanish Present Tense Ud./l/ella(he/she) nosotros/as(we) habla come vive hablamos comemos vivimos

Present indicative(Presente de indicativo): hablar: -o, -as,-a, -amos,-is,an comer: -o, -es,-e, -emos,-is,en Vivir: -o, -es,-e, -imos,-s,-en

yo (I) hablo como vivo

t(you) hablas comes vives

vosotros/as(you) hablis comis vivs

Uds./ellos/ellas(they/you formal) hablan comen viven

Now we will have a look at the preterit, which is equal to the past tense, look at the table and examine the changes that occur with each verbs category: Spanish Past Tense (preterit) Ud./l/ella nosotros/as habl comi vivi hablamos comimos vivimos

Preterit indicative (Pretrito de indicativo): hablar: -, -aste, -, -amos,-asteis,aron comer: -, -iste, -i, -imos, -isteis,ieron vivir: -, -ste,-, -imos,-isteis,ieron

yo habl com viv

t hablaste comiste viviste

vosotros/as hablasteis comisteis vivisteis

Uds./ellos/ellas hablaron comieron vivieron

Another tense which is very easy is the future tense, you dont have to worry about the stem here, you can take the whole Spanish verb and add the future endings to it and that would be it: Future Tense in Spanish Ud./l/ella Nosotros/as hablar comer vivir hablaremos comeremos viviremos

Future indicative (Futuro de indicativo) hablar: -, -s, - -emos,-is,-n comer: : -, -s, - -emos,-is,-n vivir: : -, -s, - -emos,-is,-n

yo hablar comer vivir

t hablars comers vivirs

Vosotros/as hablaris comeris viviris

Uds./ellos/ellas hablarn comern vivirn

Now we will see the Imperative in Spanish, which is also very easy, because it has only two different categories of endings, look at the table below: Spanish Imperfect Ud./l/ella Nosotros/as hablaba coma viva hablbamos comamos vivamos

Imperfect indicative (Imperfecto de indicativo): hablar: -aba,-abas,-aba -bamos,abais,ablan comer: -a,-as,-a, -amos,-ais,-an vivir: -a,-as,-a, -amos,-ais,-an

yo hablaba coma viva

t hablabas comas vivas

Vosotros/as hablabais comais vivais

Uds./ellos/ellas hablaban coman vivan

The present perfect is another Spanish tense which is very important, and used often as well, the good news is that its easy to form, have a look at the table: Spanish Present Perfect Ud./l/ella

Present perfect indicative (Presente perfecto de indicativo):

yo

Nosotros/as

vosotros/as

Uds./ellos/e

hablar: he ado,has ado, ha ado hemos ado, habis ado, han -ado comer: he ido,has ido, ha ido hemos ido, habis ido, han -ido vivir: he ido,has ido, ha ido hemos ido, habis ido, han -ido

he hablado he comido he vivido

has hablado has comido has vivido

ha hablado ha comido ha vivido

hemos hablado hemos comido hemos vivido

habis hablado habis comido habis vivido

han hablado han comido han vivido

And finally the imperative or commands in Spanish, a fun to learn mood, and can be very useful, especially if you like giving orders Spanish Imperative (Commands) Commands t Vosotros/as usted ustedes (Mandatos): hablar: -a,-ad,-e,-en Habla! Hablad! Hable! Hablen! No es,-is,-e,-en No hables! No hablis! No hable! No hablen! comer: -e, -ed, -a, -an Come! Comed! Coma! Coman! No as,-is,-a,-an No comas! No comis! No coma! No coman! vivir: -e, -ed, -a, -an Vive Vivid! Viva! Vivan! No as,-is,-a,-an No vivas! No vivis! No viva! No vivan! to others, try to memorize it, its tricky, because you will have to do some switching, examine the table below, and write down the endings that each verbs category take: I hope you have learned from this page to deal with the Spanish verbs in different tenses, especially: the regular verbs, present tense, past tense, Spanish future tense, imperfect, Spanish present perfect, and the imperative. Spanish Definite Articles Unlike English, which has only one definite article, which is the", Spanish has 4 definite articles: Spanish Definite Articles Singular Masculine Feminine el la Plural los las

El Hombre (the man), Los Chicos (the boys) La Mujer (the woman), Las Chicas (the girls) El libro es rojo (the book is red) La casa es grande (the house is big) Los amigos de mi padre (the friends of my father) Las chicas altas (the tall girls) Generally you can use the Spanish definite articles the same way you use it in English, however there are some exceptions when definite articles are used in Spanish but not in English and vice versa, here are some examples: Spanish is the language of Spain = el espaol es la lengua de Espaa. Im going to school on Monday = Voy a la escuela el lunes. President Juan Carlos lives in Madrid = el presidente Juan Carlos vive en Madrid. Napoleon segundo = Napoleon the second The exceptions are not very common, and they can be learnt with practice, so no worries! Spanish Indefinite Articles While we have (a / an / some) in English as indefinite articles, we also have un/ una. unos/ unas in Spanish . In general, whenever un or una are used in Spanish, you need to use "a" or "an" to say the equivalent in English. Un libro = a book Una casa = a house Unos amigos = some friends Unas casas = some houses The table below shows when they should be used according to the gender and number: Spanish Indefinite Articles

Singular Masculine Feminine un una

Plural unos unas

Sometimes Spanish seems to avoid using the indefinite articles in many places while English does like in occupations, affiliation, religion, before otro (other), after con (with) and sin (without), usually after tener (have)/ llevar (wear)...etc here are some examples: Soy professor = I'm a professor Eres musulmn? = Are you a Muslim? Es artista = he is an artist Compr otro coche = I bought another car Escribo con lpiz = I write with a pencil Trabajo sin descanso = I work without a break No tengo carro = I don't have a car Ella lleva camisa gris = She wears a gray shirt Tienes hija? = Do you have a daughter? If you're a new learner of Spanish, don't worry about these exceptions, first of all because they're not very common compared to the rule, and also because you will have a spontaneous reaction to when to use the articles and when not to just with the frequent use and practice of Spanish. Now what you need to worry about is to memorize these easy rules in the summery section. Summery of Spanish Articles: Definite Articles: Spanish Definite Articles Singular Masculine Feminine Indefinite Articles: Spanish Indefinite Articles Singular Masculine Feminine un una Plural unos unas el la Plural los las

Adverbs (adverbios)are invariable words that modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Adverbs can provide additional information aboutmanner, quantity, frequency, time, or place. Many adverbs are formed from adjectives, by adding the suffix -mente to the feminine singular form, the same way we add (-ly) to an adjective in English. Adverbs explain when, how, where, how often, or to what degree something is done. There is a list of the most common adverbs at the bottom of this page. Positions of Spanish Adverbs: - If a Spanish adverb is modifying a verb, we place the adverb after the verb: jugas bien (you play well) - No adverb can be put between two verbs like in English, it should be placed after the two verbs: vamos a jugar aqu (let's play here) - When an adverb is modifying another adverb or an adjective, the adverb will be placed before the adverb/ adjective it modifies: - escribes muy bien (you write very well) - yo estoy siempre orgulloso de mi pas (I'malways proud of my country) So the easiest part is to change adjectives into adverbs by simply adding ~mente. Here is an example of how to change an adjective to an adverb: - Su herida est grave (her wound is serious) becomes - Ella est gravemente herida (She is seriously wounded.) In a series of adverbs, only the last one takes the -mente suffix, while the other adverbs have the form of feminine adjectives: El intrprete debe pensar clara, rpida y correctamente. (The interpreter should thinkclearly, quickly and correctly.) Summery of Spanish Adverbs:

To form an adverb from an adjective in Spanish we simply add (~mente) to the Spanish adjective, just like how we add (~ly) to the adjective in English. Adjective lento (slow) becomes adverb lentamente (slowly): puedes hablar lentamente?(Can you speak slowly?) There are adverbs that don't have anything to do with adjectives, like aqu (here), bien (well), despacio (slowly)... if you scroll down you will see a long list of adverbs related & non related to adjectives, theyre used very often, so it would be very helpful to memorize them! Good luck! List of Adverbs: SPANISH ADVERBS MANNER ADVERBS (adjective)+mente alto bajo bien mal mejor peor FREQUENCY ADVERBS a veces frecuentemente nunca raramente siempre PLACE ADVERBS abajo ac adentro afuera alguna parte all all aqu arriba cerca delante detrs donde encima enfrente fuera todas partes NEGATION ADVERBS INTERROGATION ADVERBS jams ni no never neither no adnde? cmo? To where? How? below, downstairs here, over here in, inside outside somewhere over there there here above, upstairs nearby ahead behind where above, on top in front of outside everywhere personalmente quizs evidentemente personally perhaps obviously POINT OF VIEW ADVERBS sometimes often never rarely always actualmente ahora anteayer ayer cuando despus entonces hoy luego maana mientras por fin pronto tarde temprano todava ya currently now the day before yesterday yesterday when after next, then today soon tomorrow while finally soon late early still, yet already TIME ADVERBS (adjective)+ly loudly softly well poorly better worse QUANTITY ADVERBS apenas bastante casi demasiado ms menos mucho muy poco tanto hardly, barely quite, enough almost too much more less a lot very few, little so/as much/many

nunca tampoco INCLUSION ADVERBS adems an tambien

nunca neither

cundo? cunto? dnde? porque?

When? How much/many? Where? Why?

moreover still, yet also, too

An adjective(adjetivo) in Spanishor in English is a word used to describe a noun (like size, color, shape...). If you already have an idea about adjectives you can scroll down to the Summery to refresh your memory, otherwise you can start with us from here: An adjective agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Similar to nouns, an adjective usually end in (~o) for masculine (plural ~os), and (~a) for feminine (plural ~as): Spanish Adjectives plural blancos blancas

masculine feminine

singular blanco blanca

singular alto alta

plural altos altas

-Un hombre alto (a tall man) -Unos hombres altos ( tall men) -Muchos libros (many books) -Una casa pequea (a small house) - Unas chicas peligrosas (some dangerous girls) -Muchas cosas (many things) There are also some adjectives whose masculine singular ends in a consonant and form the feminine by adding -a: Un amigo frances (a French friend - male-) Una amiga francesa (a French friend -female-) Some other adjectives ending in a consonant take the same form for both masculine and feminine: un chico joven (a young boy) una chica joven (a young girl) unos cantantes populares (some popular singers) unas canciones populares (some popular songs) Usually descriptive adjectives follow the nouns they modify: una ciudad limpia (a clean city). But the tricky part is that Spanish adjectives are different from English adjectives, in English adjectives are found before the noun they modify, while in Spanish usually they're foundafter the noun they modify. And also because in Spanish the adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. When they precede the noun, such adjectives change meaning, acquiring a less literal sense: El mendigo es un hombre pobre. (A beggar is a poor man.) But: El pobre hombre tiene muchos problemas (The poor guy has many problems) See how the position can define the meaning intended in the sentence. The first pobre means someone who doesnt have money, but the second pobre means someone who deserve pity, and has nothing to do with money. In most cases adjectives precede the nouns they modify whenever they: - Express an essential quality: la dulce miel (the sweet honey) las verdes hojas (the green leaves) - Point out, limit or quantify: este perro (this dog) su hija (his/ her daughter) menos caliente (less hot) tres manzanas (three apples) Adjectives can be used as nouns, in that case they take a definite article: Los pobres tienen muchos problemas. (Poor people have many problems.) Adjectives are occasionally used adverbially: Jose vive feliz en su granja. (Jose lives happily in his farm.) So in short these are some rules to follow about the Spanish Adjectives: Most Spanish adjectives end in (-o), and in order to make them feminine, change the o to an (-a), to make them plural, add -os (plural masculine); or -as (plural feminine). When the adjective ends in (-a) or (-e), no difference will be made between the masculine and feminine form, and the plural is created by adding (s).

- pobre ( for both masc & fem singular) - pobres ( for both masc & fem plural) - egosta ( for both masc & fem singular) - egostas ( both genders in plural) When an adjective ends in any consonant except r, or z, there will be no difference between the masculine and feminine forms, and the plural can be created by adding -es. - dbil (for both genders in singular) - dbiles (for both genders in plural). When an adjective ends with z, no difference will be made to both genders in singular,but in the plural we have to switch z to c and then add the usual -es. - feliz ( for both genders) - felices ( for both genders in plural) When an adjective ends in r, the feminine is formed by adding an (-a), the masculine plural by adding -es and the feminine plural by adding -as. - encantador ( masc singular) - encantadora (fem singular) - encantadores (masc plural) - encantadoras (fem plural) At the end of this page you will find a list of the most used 101 adjectives. Summery of Spanish Adjectives: This is basically what you need to remember about adjectives, and the four forms they take: Most Spanish adjectives end in o. To make them feminine, change the o to an a. To make them plural, add -os (plural masculine) or -as (plural feminine). Spanish Adjectives plural blancos blancas

masculine feminine

singular blanco blanca

singular alto alta

plural altos altas

This is a list of some adjectives that you might find useful:

List of Adjectives in Spanish ambitious American annoying argumentative bad bad-tempered beautiful big, large blonde boring brave brunette, tanned skin carefree careless cautious certain charming cheerful pious polite poor possible pretty professional proud rapid, fast realistic recent ambicioso americano/ americana pesado discutidor malo/ mala malhumorado hermoso/ hermosa grande rubio/ rubia aburrido valiente moreno/ morena despreocupado descuidado, poco cuidadoso prudente, cauteloso, cauto; cierto encantador alegre, jovial piadoso corts, educado pobre posible bonito/ bonita profesional orgulloso rpido realista reciente Chinese comical, funny conceited conservative conventional coward crazy, nuts cruel difficult, hard disagreeable dull, boring easy English fat few, a little French frequent friendly mean modest moody naive narrow-minded new nice (person) old open-minded perfect chino/ china cmico presumido conservador convencional cobarde loco, chiflado cruel difcil antiptico soso, aburrido fcil ingls/ inglsa gordo/ gorda poco francs/ francsa frecuente amigable, agradable tacao modesto de humor cambiante ingenuo, inocentn de mentalidad cerrada, intolerante nuevo/ nueva simptico/ simptica viejo / vieja de actitud abierta, sin prejuicios perfecto

reliable rich sad self-confident selfish sensitive shy - introverted silly, dumb skinny slender, slim slow small Spanish strict strong stubborn sympathetic (understanding) talkative trustworthy two-faced, fake ugly various

fiable, confiable rico/ rica triste seguro de s mismo egosta sensible tonto/ tonta flaco/ flaca delgado/ delgada lento chiquita espaol/ espaola estricto, severo, riguroso fuerte terco, testarudo, tozudo comprensivo conversador, hablador digno de confianza falso feo/ fea diverso

personal fun, amusing general generous German good hard-working high, tall honest intelligent interesting kind laid-back lazy little, small low, short loyal weak weird white young

personal divertido general generoso alemn/ alemna bueno/ buena guapo/ guapa trabajador alto/ alta honesto inteligente interesante amable tranquilo, relajado perezoso, vago pequeo/ pequea bajo/ baja fiel dbil raro, extrao blanco joven

tmido, vergonzoso - introvertido handsome

In Spanish there are regular, semiregular and irregular verbs. We already know regular verbs. Semiregular verbs are verbs having slight modifications in their spelling, just so that they can sound phonetically easy to pronounce, like the verb pagar (to pay) yo pago (I pay), in the past instead of writing yo pag, we added a (u) after the g so that it would still sound [g] like in pago I bought= yo pagu, and not like [j] if we wrote pag. Irregular verbs are verbs which don't follow standard rules of conjugation in the different verb tenses. The bad news is that they're the most used verbs. So you need to focus on them more, the good news is that you can become familiar with them easily. We will deal with semiregular and irregular as a one subject, because semiregular verbs are considered somehow irregular too. Here we will go through types of irregularity: -First person singular present with g: decir (to say), I say= digo. caer (to fall), I fall= caigo. hacer (to do), I do= hago. salir (to go out), I go out= saglo... -First person present g changes to j: escoger (to choose), I choose= escojo. corrigir (to correct), I correct= corrijo. -Stem changes in the third person singular present (e -> ie): negar (to deny), he denies= niega. cerrar (to close), he closes= cierra. pensar (to think), he think=piensa -Stem changes in the third person singular present (o -> ue): jugar (to play), he plays= juega. mostrar (to show), he shows= muestra. dormir (to sleep),he sleeps=duerme -Stem changes in the third person singular present (e -> i): decir (to say), he says= dice. medir (to measure), he measures= mide. -When we add an e to the last letter of the stem c then (c -> qu): platicar (to chat), I chatted= platiqu. bloacar (to block), I blocked= bloqu. -When we add an e to the last letter of the stem z then (z-> c): lanzar (to throw) I threw= lanc. -When we add an a or o to the last letter of the stem c then (c ->zc): conocer (to know) I know= conozco. Click Here to see a list of about 200 irregular verbs, and the pattern they follow. These are some common irregular verbs in Spanish (check the table below to see how they are conjugated): abrir, andar, caer, cerrar, conocer, creer, dar, decir, dormir, empezar, encontrar, escoger, estoy, hacer, ir, jugar, leer, llegar, mirar, or, olvidar, pagar, pedir, pensar, perder, poder, poner, quedar, querer, saber, sacar, salir, seguir, sentir, ser, tener, traer, valer, venir, ver, volver. Smart List of Irregular Verbs in Spanish This list contains most of the common modifications that occur to verbs, it may seem confusing, but this is the easiest way to learn how a verb is modified, especially once you get used to the table. -Underlined words: refer to the stem of a verb; the root of the verb that you should keep, and modify only what comes after that stem. -Words in bold: means that the word is conjugated in an irregular way and maybe that was the reason why it was put in this irregular list. -Abbreviations: (pr part= present participle), (pa part= past participle), (Imperative has two conjugations in this table the first one is for t, the second word is for l). Spanish Irregular Verbs

Verb abrir andar caer cerrar conocer creer dar decir dormir

Pr Part * abriendo andando cayendo cerrando

Pa Part * abierto andado cado cerrado

Present abro,es,e,imos,en ando,as,a,amos,an caigo,caes,-,mos,n cierro,as,a,cerramos,an

Preterite abr,iste,i,imos,ieron anduve,iste,o,imos,ieron ca,ste,cayo,mos,cayeron cerr,aste,,amos,aron conoc,iste,i,imos,ieron cre,ste,crey,mos,creyeron di,ste,o,mos,eron dije,iste,o,imos,eron

Imperfect abra,s,-,mos,n caa,s,-,mos,n

Future

Imperative *

abrir,s,,emos,n abre,abra caer,s,,emos,n cae,caiga

andaba,s,-,mos,n andar,s,,emos,n anda,andad cerraba,s,-,mos,n cerrar,s,,emos,ncierra,cierre conoca,s,-,mos,nconocer,s,,emos, conoce,zca n crea,s,-,mos,n creer,s,,emos,n cree,crea daba,s,-,mos,n deca,s,-,mos,n dar,s,,emos,n dir,s.,emos,n da,dad di,decid

conociendo conocido conozco,es,e,mos,en creyendo dando diciendo durmiendo crendo dado dicho dormido creo,es,e,emos,en, doy,das,a,mos,n digo,dices,-,decimos,n duermo,es,e,o-imos,en

dorm,iste,durmi,imos,u-ieron dorma,s,-,mos,n dormir,s,,emos, duerme,dormid n empezar empezando empezado empiezo,as,a,ezamos,n empec,empezaste,,amos,aron empezaba,s,-,mo empezar,s,,emos empieza,ce s,n ,n escoger esogiendo escogido escojo,ges,e,gemos,gen escog,iste,i,imos,ieron escoga,s,-,mos,n Escoger,s,,emos, Escoge,escoja n encontrar encontrando encontado encuentro,as,a,o-mos,an encontr,aste,,amos,aron encontaba,s,-,mo encontr,s,,emos, encuentra,e s,n n escribir escribiendo escrito escribo,es,e,imos,en escrib,iste,i,imos,ieron escriba,s,-,mos,nescribir,s,,emos, escribe,escriba n estoy estando estado estoy,as,a,amos,an estuve,iste,o,imos,ieron estaba,s,-,amos,a estar,s,,emos,n esta,estad n hacer haciendo hecho hago,haces,-,mos,n, hice,iste,hizo,imos,ieron haca,s,-,mos,n har,s,,emos,n haz,haced ir jugar leer llegar mirar or olvidar pedir pagar pensar perder poder poner quedar querer saber sacar salir seguir sentir ser tener traer valer yendo jugando leyendo llegando mirando oyendo olvidando pidiendo pagando pensando perdiendo podiendo poniendo quedando queriendo sabiendo sacando saliendo siguiendo sintiendo siendo teniendo trayendo valiendo ido jugado ledo llegado mirado odo voy,vas,a,mos,n juego,as,a,jugamos,an leo,es,e,emos,en llego,as,a,amos,an miro,as,s,amos,an oigo,oyes,-,omos,n fui,iste,e,imos,eron jugu,aste,,amos,aron le,ste,ley,mos,leyeron llegu,llegaste,,amos,aron mir,aste,,amos,aron o,ste,oyo,mos,oyeron olvid,aste,,amos,aron iba,s,-,mos,n ir,s,,emos,n ve,id

jugaba,s,-,mos,n jugar,s,,emos,n juega,juegue lea,s,-,mos,n leer,s,,emos,n lee,lea

llegaba,s,-,mos,n llegar,s,,emos,n llega,llegue miraba,s,-,mos,n mirar,s,,emos,n mira,mire oa,s,-,mos,n oir,s,,emos,n oye,od olvidaba,s,-,mos, olvidar,s,,emos, olvida,olvide n n peda,s,-,mos,n pedir,s,,emos,n pide,pida Pagaba,s,-,mos,n Pagar,s,,emos,n Paga, pague pensaba,s,-,mos, pensar,s,,emos, piensa,piense n n perda,s,-,mos,n perder,s,,emos,. pierde,pierda n poda,s,-,mos,n podr,s,,emos,n puede,pueda pona,s,-mos,n pondr,s,,emos, pon,poned n quedaba,s,-,mos, quedar,s,,emos, queda,quede n n quera,s,-,mos,n querr,s,,emos, quiere,quered n saba,s,-,mos,n sabr,s,,emos,n sabe,sabed sacaba,s,-,mos,n sacar,s,,emos,n saca,saque sala,s,-,mos,n saldr,s,,emos,n sal,salga

olvidado olvido,as,a,amos pedido pagado pensado pedrido podido puesto quedado querido sabido sacado salido seguido sentido sido tenido trado valido

pido,es,e,pedimos,piden ped,iste,pidi,imos,pidieron Pago,as,a,amos,an Pagu,aste,,amos,aron

pienso,as,a,pensamos,an pens,aste,,amos,aron pierdo,es,e,perdemos,en perd,iste,i,imos,ieron puedo,es,e,podemos,en pongo,pones,-,mos,en quedo,as,a,amos,an pude,iste,o,imos,ieron puse,iste,o,imos,ieron qued,aste,,amos,aron

quiero,es,e,queremos,en quise,iste,o,imos,ieron s, sabes,-,mos,en saco,as,a,amos,an salgo, sales,e,imos,en supe,iste,o,imos,ieron saque, sacaste,,amos,aron sal,iste,o,imos,ieron

sigo,ues,ue,seguimos,uen segu,iste,sigui,imos,siguieron segua,s,-,mos,n seguir,s,,emos, sigue,siga n siento,es,e,sentimos,en sent,iste,sinti,imos,sintieron senta,s,-,mos,n sentir,s,,emos,n siente,sienta soy,eres,es,somos,son traigo,traes,-,mos,n valgo,vales,e,emos,en fui,iste,e,imos,eron traje,iste,o,imos,ieron val,iste,i,imos,ieron era,s,-,mos,n tena,s,-,mos,n traa,s,-,mos,n vala,s,-,mos,n ser,s,,emos,n s, sed tengo,tienes,-,tenemos,n tuve,iste,o,imos,ieron tendr,s,,emos,nten,tened traer,s,,emos,n trae,traed valdr,s,,emos,n vale/val,valga

venir ver volver

viniendo viendo volviendo

venido visto vuelto

vengo,vienes,-,venimos,n vine,iste,o,imos,ieron veo,s,-,mos,n vi,ste,o,mos,eron

vena,s,-,mos,n vendr,s,,emos, ven,venga n vea,s,-,mos,n ver,s,,emos,n ve,vea volva,s,-,mos,n volver,s,,emos, vuelve,vuelva n

vuelvo,es,e,volvemos,en volv,iste,i,imos,ieron

A Pronoun in Spanish as well as in English is like a shortcut to refer to a noun, a word that stands for or represents a noun or noun phrase, a pronoun is identified only in the context of the sentence in which they are used. So you must have a prior idea about who "he or she" "l or ella" is. In English we find "me, her, what, that, his", In Spanish they're used pretty much the same way, the main difference is that in Spanish most pronouns have a gender, masculine or feminine and rarely neuter to unknown objects or ideas. Types of pronouns include personal pronouns (refer to the persons speaking, the persons spoken to, or the persons or things spoken about), indefinite pronouns, relative pronouns (connect parts of sentences) and reciprocal or reflexive pronouns (in which the object of a verb is being acted on by verb's subject). This table below shows examples of all pronouns categories in Spanish: Spanish Pronouns Use Examples in Spanish (English) Replaces the subject of a Yo (I), t (you), l (he), ella (she),nosotros (we), ellos (they), ellas(they) sentence Refers to something Mo (mine), ma (mine), mos(mine), mas (mine), tuyo/a(yours), suyo/a (his, hers, owned or possessed by theirs),nuestro/a (ours), Vuestro/a(yours) someone. usually preceded by el/la/los/las Used when the direct Me (myself), te (yourself), se(himself, herself, themselves), nos(ourselves), os (yourselves) object and indirect object of a verb refer to the same person. Used more often in Spanish. Used to refer to Algo (something), alguien(anybody), nadie (nobody), todo(all), todas (all), uno (one), unos(some), ninguno (none), muc nonspecific people or ho(many), poco (little) things Introduces a clause that Que (that, which, who, whom),quien (who, whom), el cual(which, that gives more information which) cuyo (whose),cuyas (whose), donde (where), el que (that, which) about a noun or pronoun Used in questions Qu (what), quin (what), cundo(when), cunto (when) Replaces a noun while ste (this one), sta (this one),sa (that one), aqullos (those ones), aqul (that one over there) also pointing to it Function as the object of Mi (me), ti(you), l, nosotros, vosotros...(except mi and ti, the rest is the same as in subject pronouns) a verb or preposition, used after prepositions, often in order to emphasize the noun they replace Theyre words that Me (me), te(you), le (him, her, you (formal), nos (us), vos (you), les (them) Me da gusto ( it gives me pleasure). Te replace the indirect quiero (I love you) object, which is usually a person.

Type of Pronouns Subject Possessive

Reflexive

Indefinite Relative Interrogative Demonstrative

Prepositional

Indirect Object Pronoun

Subject pronouns: Subject pronouns replace the subject of the sentence, they're very easy to use, and this is a complete list of them with their English equivalent: Subject Pronoun in Spanish Singular yo - I , t - you (familiar), l - he, ella - she, usted - you (formal), Plural nosotros We (masculine or mixed gender), nosotras we (feminine), vosotros you-all (familiar, Spain, masculine or mixed gender) vosotras you-all (familiar, Spain, feminine), ellos they (masculine or mixed gender), ellas they (feminine) ustedes you-all (formal in Spain, formal and familiar in Latin America)

Spanish Possessive Pronouns: Possessive pronouns refer to something owned or possessed by someone. Usually preceded by el/la/los/las, used the same way in both languages: Mine= el mo / la ma /los mos / las mas. Yours (familiar) = el tuyo / la tuya /los tuyos / las tuyas. Yours (formal), his, hers= el suyo / la suya /los suyos / las suyas. Ours= el nuestro / la nuestra/ los nuestros / las nuestras. Yours (familiar) = el vuestro / la vuestra / los vuestros / las vuestras. Yours (formal), theirs= el suyo / la suya /los suyos / las suyas Possessive Pronouns in Spanish Masculine el (los) mo(s) el (los) tuyo(s) el (los) suyo(s) el (los) nuestro(s) el (los) vuestro(s) el (los) suyo(s)

Possessive pronouns Mine Yours (t) His/hers/its yours (Ud.) Ours Yours (vosotros) Theirs yours (Uds.)

Feminine la(s) ma(s) la(s) tuya(s) la(s) suya(s) la(s) nuestra(s) la(s) vuestra(s) la(s) suya(s)

Below, are examples of pronoun adjectives, compare them to the possessive pronoun shown on the table above, mi(s)= my, mi coche (my car) mis amigas (my friends), tu(s)= your (singular) tu hermano (your brother) tus amigos, su(s)= his, her, your (formal), their su dinero (his money), sus plumas nuestro(-a, -os, -as)= our, nuestro plato (our plate), nuestras casas, vuestro(-a, -os, -as)= your (fam. pl.), vuestro radio, vuestras plumas . Note: dont confuse between the three forms of possessive: Possessive adjective (short/unstressed form): mi, tu, su, nuestro/a, vuesto/a , nuestra casa (our house). Possessive adjective (long/stressed form): mo, tuyo , es un amigo tuyo ( he is a friend of yours). Possessive pronoun: el mo, el tuyo, es el mo (its mine) Prepositional Pronouns in Spanish Spanish prepositional pronouns are used after prepositions, often in order to emphasize the noun they replace. There are 11 forms of prepositional pronouns, The only difference between prepositional pronouns and subject pronouns is the first and second person in the singular, (m and ti instead of yo and t), plus we have a neuter form ello in the prepositional pronoun. Prepositional Pronouns Plural m Us nosotros ti You vosotros l Them ellos ella Them ellas Ud. You Uds. ello

Singular Me You Him, it Her, it You It Examples:

A mi, no me gusta el carne de cerdo = me (to me), I don't like pork Quiero estudiar con ellos = I want to study with them Tengo un regalo para ti = I have a gift for you. But we also have ello which is for neuter, No tengo tiempo para ello = I don't have time for that. estoy occupado, y por ello no puedo ir al cine= I'm busy, that's why I can't go to the movies. Exceptions: We use subject pronouns after the prepositions como (like), entre (between),excepto (except), incluso (including), menos (except), salvo (except), and segn(according to). Example: necesito un amigo como t = I need a friend like you. And also when paired with another pronoun: - para l y ella - por t o yo. Spanish Reflexive Pronouns: Reflexive pronouns in Spanish are closely related to direct and indirect pronouns, by following the same rules of word order and using almost same pronouns. I wash myself: me bao. Whats your name? (What do you call yourself?) cmo te llamas. So all pronouns ending in -self (-selves) are considered reflexive pronouns, in Spanish there're (me, te, se, nos, os, se), see table below for more detail.

Person First-person singular Second-person singular familiar Second-person singular formal, third-person singular First-person plural Second-person plural familiar Second-person plural formal, third-person plural

Spanish me te se nos os se

Spanish Reflexive Pronouns English equivalent myself yourself yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself ourselves yourselves yourselves, themselves

Example Me bao, I wash myself. Te baas, you wash yourself. Ella se baa, she washes herself. Nos baamos, we wash ourselves. Os baais, you wash yourselves. Se baan, they wash themselves.

Indefinite Pronouns in Spanish Indefinite pronouns are those pronouns that typically refer to no particular person or thing. In Spanish as in English, most of the words used as indefinite pronouns sometimes they function as other parts of speech, often as adjectives and sometimes as adverbs. In Spanish, some of the indefinite pronouns exist in both masculine and feminine forms as well as singular and plural forms, so they must agree with the nouns they refer to. Here is a list of the most common Spanish indefinite pronouns: Spanish Indefinite Pronouns Examples Necesito a alguien que pueda hablar ingls. (I need someone who can speak English.)

Spanish alguien (someone, somebody, anyone, anybody) alguno, alguna, algunos, algunas (one, some things or people) algo (something)

Voy a salir con algunas de las chicas. (I'm going out with one of the girls.) Algunos quieren bailar. (Some want to dance.) Quieres alguno ms? (Do you want some more?) busco algo grande y barato. (Im looking for something big and cheap.) escuchaste algo esta tarde? (Did you hear something this afternoon?) cualquiera (anybody, anyone) Cualquiera puede jugar El ftbol. (Anyone can play soccer.) mucho, mucha, muchos, muchas (much, El sitio web tiene mucho que ofrecer. (The website has much to offer.) Hay muchos. (There many) are many problems.) Nos queda mucho por hacer. (We have much left to do.) nada (nothing) No tengo nada para ti. (I have nothing for you.) (When nada follows a verb, the part of the sentence preceding the verb typically is also put in negative form) nadie (nobody, no one) No conocemos a nadie. (we know nobody.) Nadie te crees. (No one believes you.) Note that when nadie follows a verb, the part of the sentence preceding the verb typically is also put in negative form. ninguno, ninguna (none, nobody, no Ninguna de ellas tiene dinero. (None of them have money) (When ninguno follows a verb, the one) part of the sentence preceding the verb typically is also put in negative form. Otro/a, otros/as (another, other one, Me puedes traer otro? (Can you bring me another one?) Los otros estan judando con el perro. another one, other ones, others) (The others are playing with the dog). (Un otro and una otra are not used for "another one) Poco/a, pocos/as (little, little bit, few, a Tengo un poco de hambre. (Im a little bit hungry.) Pocos van a la playa (A few are going to few) the beach.) todo, todos, todas (everything, all, T comes todo. (You eat everything.) Todos pensan en su futuro. (All are thinking about their everyone) future) uno, una, unos/as (one, some) Uno no puede creer sin ver. (One cannot believe without seeing.) Unos libros son aburridos. (Some books are boring.) Tanto (as much) Quiero ir contigo, pero no tengo tanto tiempo (I want to go with you but I dont as much time)

Spanish Relative Pronouns Relative pronouns are used to refer to another expression or concept that preceded it. In English we have (that, which, or who). In Spanish we find (que, quien, quienes, el que, el cual) Note that these pronouns are not accents like the interrogative ones. So relative pronouns are pronouns that are used to introduce a clause that provides more information about a noun. Thus in the sentence "The lady who is talking is my teacher," the relative pronoun is "who"; the clause "who is talking" provides more information about the sentence's subject, "the lady." In the Spanish equivalent, la mujer que habla es mi profesora, the relative pronoun is que. Spanish Relative Pronouns Examples Me gusta la cancin que estas cantando. (I like the song that you're singing) Que must be used when the relative pronoun comes immediately after the antecedent, when there is nothing between the two.

Pronouns Que (who)

Quien, quienes (who, whom) Conoces a Juan, quien habla ocho idiomas. (Do you know John, who speaks 8 languages.) Es la

el que, la que, lo que, los que, las que (which, who, whom) el cual, la cual, lo cual, los cuales, las cuales (which, who, whom) cuyo, cuya,cuyos, cuyas (whose) Donde (where)

profesora de quien te dije. (She is the teacher I told you about.) Dont confuse between Quien and Que. Quien is used after a preposition. Or separated by commas from the noun it describes, Mario es el muchacho con el que vas a estudiar. (Mario is the student with whom you will study) This pronoun must match the noun it refers to in both number and gender. It is often interchangeable with el cual but is somewhat more informal in usage. Ese era el tema sobre el cual yo estaba hablando (this was the subject Which I was talking about) This pronoun must match the noun it refers to in both number and gender. It is used in formal writing more often than in speech Conozco personalmente a ese autor cuyos libros me brindan tanto placer (I know this author personally, whose books are a lot of fun) This pronoun must match the noun it modifies in both number and gender. It is used more in writing than in speech. Not used in questions, where de quin is used instead, as inDe quin es esta camseta? (Whose shirt is this?) Voy a Espaa donde se habla espaol. (I'm going to Spainwhere Spanish is spoken.)

Not also that we can omit relative pronouns in English, but not in Spanish: I like the song (that) youre singing, (that) is not necessary in this sentence, but in Spanish it cannot be omitted: me gusta la cancin que estas cantando. Que = that, which, who. Quien = who, or whom after a preposition. El que = that, which, who, whom. El cual = that, which, who, whom. It seems that they all mean the same thing!! So how do we know which one in specific cases? A general rule is the longer the distance between the antecedent and the relative pronoun, the longer is the relative pronoun to be used, knowing that the shortest one is (que) with three characters and longest is el cual (6 characters). Que: must be used when the relative pronoun comes immediately after the antecedent, when there is nothing between the two. Me gusta la casa que tienes. (I like the house that you have). Quien: is used when the antecedent is a person and there is some distance between the antecedent and the relative pronoun (a comma or a short (one- or two-syllable) preposition): Roberto es el hombre con quien salgo. (Robert is the person who Im going out with). El que and the other forms (la que, los que, las que): are typically used when there is some distance between the relative pronoun and the antecedent, for example after a comma or a one-word preposition. This includes one-syllable prepositions often used with que (likeen) and especially those which que might cause confusion if used with que, for example: El pueblo en el que nac (the village where I was born). El cual and the accompanying forms la cual, los cuales, and las cuales, are used when there is greater distance between the antecedent and the relative pronoun. The most typical examples is after compound prepositions such as acerca de (about, concerning), al lado de (beside), antes de (before), cerca de (near), debajo de (underneath), delante de(in front of), dentro de (inside), despus de (after), detrs de (behind), and por encima de (on top of). As with el que, the numerous forms for el cual make it useful to distinguish between more than one possible antecedent. La violencia domstica es un mal sobre el cual es difcil hablar. Spanish Interrogative Pronouns Interrogative pronouns are quin, qu, cul, and cunto . A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun, and interrogative means questioning, so interrogative pronouns are pronouns used to ask the questions like who, what, which, and how much/many. Note that all of these words have accents. Spanish Interrogative Pronouns Quin (who, whom) plural Quines. Quin est aqu? Who is here? Quin viene conmigo? Who's coming with me? Quines han ganado? Who won? A quin hablis? To whom are you speaking? De quin es este libro? Whose book is this? Qu quiere? What does he want? Qu piensas del libro? What do you think of the book? Qu es eso? What is this? Cul quieres - la pluma o el lpiz? Which do you want - the pen or the pencil? Hay muchas ideas. Cules prefieres? There are a lot of ideas. Which ones do you prefer? Tienes dinero? Cunto? Do you have any money?How much? Cuntos estn en el coche? How many are in the car?

Quin can also follow apreposition.

Qu (what)

Cul (what, which) pluralcules

Cunto (how much) pluralcuntos (how many). Spanish Demonstrative Pronouns

Spanish has three demonstrative pronouns where English only has two. In English, we say "this" or "that" depending upon whether the object is close to us or not. In Spanish, we also say "this" and "that," but there is another extra word used to mean "that one over

there." This form is used when the object is more than just a short distance away, for example, on the other side of the room. Here are the three forms for "this" "that" and "that one over there". este (this) - ese (that) -aquel (that one over there). Remember, the demonstrative pronouns are the same as the demonstrative adjectives, except that the pronouns have a written accent. Spanish Demonstrative Pronouns this (este: adjective) (ste: pronoun) se (that one - masculine) that (ese: adjective) (se: pronoun) sos (those ones - masculine) that one over there (aquel: adjective) (aqul: pronoun) sa (that one - feminine) sas (those ones - feminine) ste (this one - masculine) aqul (that one over there - masc.) stos (these ones - masculine) aqullos (those ones over there - masc.) sta (this one - feminine) aqulla (that one over there - fem.) stas (these ones - feminine) aqullas (those ones over there - fem.) Each demonstrative pronoun also has a neuter form. They do not change for number or gender, they do not have a written accent, and they are used to refer to abstract ideas, or to an unknown object. esto (this matter, this thing) eso (that matter, that thing) aquello (that matter/thing over there) Spanish Indirect Object Pronouns Indirect object pronouns are words that replace the indirect object, which is usually aperson. The Spanish indirect object pronouns are as follows: 1st person 2nd person 3rd person me te le me you him, her, you, it nos os les us you them, you

Like direct object pronouns, Spanish indirect object pronouns are placed in front of the verb. I'm telling you about him. - te hablo de l. She sings to them - Les canta. We lend you people our car. - os prestamos nuestro coche. He asked us - l nos pregunt. Pronouns can get attached to the end in the case of infinitives, present participles, and affirmative commands: Le voy a preguntar (or) Voy a preguntarle - I'm going to tell him. Les quiero enviar una tarjeta (or) Quiero enviarles una tarjeta - I want to send them a letter. Summery: This is mainly what you need to remember about Pronouns in general:

Spanish Pronouns Type of Pronouns Use Examples in Spanish (English) Subject Replaces the subject of a Yo (I), t (you), l (he), ella (she),nosotros (we), ellos (they), ellas(they) sentence Possessive Refers to something Mo (mine), ma (mine), mos(mine), mas (mine), tuyo/a(yours), suyo/a (his, hers, theirs),nuestro/a (ours), Vuestro/ owned or possessed by someone. usually preceded by el/la/los/las Reflexive Used when the direct Me (myself), te (yourself), se(himself, herself, themselves), nos(ourselves), os (yourselves) object and indirect object of a verb refer to the same person. Used more often in Spanish. Indefinite Used to refer to Algo (something), alguien(anybody), nadie (nobody), todo(all), todas (all), uno (one), unos(some), ninguno (none), nonspecific people or things Relative Introduces a clause that Que (that, which, who, whom),quien (who, whom), el cual(which, that which) cuyo (whose),cuyas (whose), donde ( gives more information about a noun or pronoun Interrogative Used in questions Qu (what), quin (what), cundo(when), cunto (when)

Demonstrative

Replaces a noun while also pointing to it

ste (this one), sta (this one),sa (that one), aqullos (those ones), aqul (that one over there)

Prepositional

Indirect Object Pronoun

Function as the object of aMi (me), ti(you), l, nosotros, vosotros...(except mi and ti, the rest is the same as in subject pronouns) verb or preposition, used after prepositions, often in order to emphasize the noun they replace Theyre words that Me (me), te(you), le (him, her, you (formal), nos (us), vos (you), les (them) Me da gusto ( it gives me pleasure). Te replace the indirect object, which is usually a person.

Prepositions are a vital part of a language and it's hard to build a sentence without them. In Spanish prepositions are easy to understand, since they are used the same way as in English, the only tricky part is how to use them, especially because one preposition in Spanish can mean many prepositions in English. Like the preposition "en" which means not only (in, on) but also (at, about, by, on top of, upon, inside of...) lets first understand what a preposition is. A preposition is a type of little word that is placed in front of an object usually a noun in order to indicate a relationship between that noun and the verb, adjective, or noun that follows and used to form a clause; the clause in turn functions as an adjective or adverb. The object also can be a pronoun or verb that functions as a noun. You will understand prepositions better when you go through the types and examples. List of Spanish Prepositions a (to, at) al (upon) al lado de (beside) ante (before) antes de (before) bajo (under) cerca de (near) como (like) con (with) contra (against) de (from, of, about) debajo de (under, beneath) delante de (in front of) dentro de (inside) desde (since) despus de (after) detrs de (behind) en vez de (instead of) en (in, at) encima de (above, on top) enfrente de (in front of) entre (between, among) fuera de (outside) hacia (towards) hasta (until) lejos de (far from) menos (except) para (for) por (for, on account of) salvo (except) segn (according to) sin (without) sobre (about, above/on) tras (after)

These are some common prepositions used in a sentence to understand their meaning and the position they take better: Examples of Spanish Prepositions a (to, at) : voy a Marruecos y las Islas canarias (Im going to Morocco & Canaries Islands) a personal: espero a mi hermano (Im waiting for my brother) busca a alguien (Im looking for someone) al (upon) : Al llegar a mi casa, voy a dormir (Upon arriving home, I'll go to sleep) al lado de (beside, by): Vivo al lado del ro (I live by the lake) antes de (before): bebo agua antes de dormir (I drink water before sleeping) bajo (under): juega bajo la lluvia(he plays under the rain), busque bajo la mesa!(lookunder the table) cerca de (near) : trabajo cerca del banco (I work near the bank) como (like, as): dormir como un tronco (to sleep like a log), como postre tomo...( as a dessert I will take...) con (with) : salgo con Maria (Im going out with Maria), huevos con queso (eggs withcheese) contra (against): estoy contra la Guerra (Im against war) de (from, of, about): compr una mesa de mrmol (I bought table made of marble) debajo de (under, beneath): los hombres por debajo de los 30 aos (men under 30 years old) delante de (in front of): Delante de Dios (in front of God). Creo que Atlantis estdelante de Gibraltar.

dentro de (inside): tengo sentimientos dentro de m (I have feelings inside me) desde (since): trabajo en la biblioteca desde 1998 (I work in the library since 1998) despus de (after): la vida despus de la muerte (the life after death) detrs de (behind): el campo de ftbol est detrs de la escuela (the football field is located behind the school) en vez de (instead of): en vez de enfadarte, deberas perdonarlos (instead of getting mad, you should forgive them) en (in, at) : estoy en cama ahora(Im in bed now). Vivo en argentina (I live en argentina). encima de (above, on top): las cartas estn encima de la mesa (the letters are on the top of the table) enfrente de (in front of): el hombre enfrente de m es un hroe (the man in front of me is a hero) entre (between, among): vive en la frontera entre los EE.UU y mexico (he lives at the border between the U.S & Mexico) fuera de (outside): comes fuera de casa mucho( you eat outside the house a lot) hacia (towards): busco la carretera hacia Madrid (I'm looking for the road towardsMadrid) hasta (until): ayer trabaj hasta las diez (I worked until 10 oclock yesterday) lejos de (far from): est muy lejos de aqu? (is it far from here?) para*(for): trabajo para Global7 (I work for Global7). para prendir un idioma es necesario praticar (to learn a language...) por * (for, on account of): por eso no quiero hablar con l ( for this reason I don't want to talk to him) segn (according to): segn la previsin del tiempo, brillar el sol todo el da (according to the forecast,...) sin (without): eh! cunto tiempo sin verte! (hey, its be a while, literally: long timewithout seeing you) sobre (about, on):colecciono todo sobre las monedas (I collect everything about coins),sobre la mesa(on the table) Some prepositions rules: Preposition + noun: Sin corazn (without heart). Sobre la mesa (on the table). Preposition + pronoun: cmo yo (like me). para m (for me). Preposition + infinitive: para variar (just for a change). para empezar (first...) Verb + preposition: trabaj hasta las ocho (I worked until 10). trabajo para la embajada (I work for the embassy) Sometimes it's hard to pick which preposition to use in certain cases, that's why we're going to go through examples of prepositions that you may have hard time to chose, like (por and para), they both mean the same thing in English, but still in Spanish each one of them is used in a certain situation. A: -connects a verb of motion + infinitive: voy a bailar (I'm gonig to dance) -joins any verb (except tener) + a person: busco a mi hijo (I'm looking for my son). De: descriptively links two nouns: el hroe de la historia (the hero of the story) expresses possession: el perro de perdo (Pedros dog). En (in, on): Estoy en Madrid. (I'm in Madrid). empeczo en 30 minutos. (I'll start in 30 minutes). la tarjeta en la mesa (the letter on the table). Para vs Por: por is more common than para, so to make it easy, try to learn the rules of para and for the rest you can just use por. In most cases para refers to a goal or destination. Para: (in order to + infinitivo): Para aprender, hay que practicar (in order to learn, we must practice). (For: for the benefit of, to be given to): eso es para t (this is for you). (For: by (deadline): Hay que hacerlo para el jueves (it must be done by thursday). (for: towards, in the direction of): voy para la escuela (I'm going to school). (For: to be used for): una tazapara caf. (For: in one's opinion, compared to others): Para m, no me gusta el jamn (I dont like pork) (for: like to work for): Trabajo para Lingualogy Inc. Por: (by, via, by means of):Viaj por tren.(I traveled by train) (through, along): Voy a NYpor Washington DC ( I go to NY through DC). (Because of, due to): no lo hice por dinero (I didnt do it for money). (During, in (time of day). estudio por la maana. (For: in exchange for): Pagu 40 dlares por el libro. (For: for a period of time: estudi por 6 horas. (For: for the sake of, on behalf of) Lo hizo solo por ella (I only did it for her). Por is also used in idiomatic expressions; here are the most common ones: Spanish Idioms por supuesto! por qu? da por da estar por palabra por palabra por adelantado por ahora por all por amor de Dios por aqu por casualidad por ciento por cierto Of course! Why? For what reason? Day by day To be in the mood to Word for word In advance For now Around there, that way For the love of God Around here, this way By chance Percent Certainly por lo mismo por lo que a m me toca por lo tanto por lo visto por medio de por mi parte por motivo de por ningn lado por orden por otra parte por poco por primera/ltima vez por separado For that very reason As far as I'm concerned Therefore Apparently By means of For my part On account of Nowhere In order On the other hand Almost For the first/last time Separately

por completo por correo por dentro por desgracia por Dios por ejemplo por eso por favor por fin por la maana, tarde por la noche por las buenas o por las malas por lo comn por lo dems por lo general Preposition para: estar para para entonces para qu? para siempre para variar Some Compound prepositions: a causa de (because of, due to)

Completely By mail/post Inside Unfortunately For heaven's sake For example Therefore, that's why Please Finally In the morning, afternoon At night Whether you like it or not Usually Furthermore Generally, in general

por si acaso por su propio mano por suerte por supuesto por telfono por todas partes por todos lados por ltimo por un lado, por otro una vez por todas por lo menos

Just in case By one's own hand Fortunately Of course On the phone, by phone Everywhere On all sides Finally Once and for all At least

On one hand, on the other

To be about to By that time Why? For what purpose? What for? Forever Just for a change

despus de (alter) detrs de (behind, in back of) en frente de (in front of) en vez de (instead of) en virtud de (by virtue of) frente a (before, in front of) fuera de (outside of) junto a (next to, beside) lejos de (far from) por causa de (by cause of, because) por parte de (on account of) por razn de (by reason of) relativamente a (relative to) respeto a (with respect to) sin embargo de (however) tocante a (about, concerning)

a excepcin de (with exception of) a fuerza de (by dint of) a menos de (without (with infinitive) a pesar de (in spite of) acerca de (concerning) adems de (moreover) adversamente a (adverse to) al travs de (across from) alrededor de (around) antes de (before) cerca de (close to) contrario a (contrary to) correspondiente a (corresponding to) debajo de (under, beneath) delante de (in front of) dentro de (in, inside of)

Summery: A preposition is a type of little word that is placed in front of an object usually a noun inorder to indicate a relationship between that noun and the verb, adjective, or noun that follows and used to form a clause; the clause in turn functions as an adjective or adverb. The object also can be a pronoun or verb that functions as a noun, this is a table showing the most common prepositions with their translation into English. a (to, at) al (upon) al lado de (beside) en vez de (instead of) en (in, at) encima de (above, on top)

ante (before) antes de (before) bajo (under) cerca de (near) como (like) con (with) contra (against) de (from, of, about) debajo de (under, beneath) delante de (in front of) dentro de (inside) desde (since) despus de (after) detrs de (behind)

enfrente de (in front of) entre (between, among) fuera de (outside) hacia (towards) hasta (until) lejos de (far from) menos (except) para (for) por (for, on account of) salvo (except) segn (according to) sin (without) sobre (about, above/on) tras (after)

Spanish tenses are more diverse then in English, also a finite verb agrees in person and number with its subject (the doer of the action), even when the subject is understood without being expressed by a noun or pronoun. There are three persons which exist in all tenses in Spanish: First person is the speaker, second person is the one spoken to, and third person is the one spoken about. First person singular: (Yo) soy marinero (I'm a sailor). First person plural: (Nosotros) somos marineros (We are sailors) Second person familiar, singular: (T) eres abogado (you're a lawyer). Second person familiar, plural: (Vosotros) sois Americanas. (You girls are Americans.) Second person polite, singular: Ud. es muy generoso (You are very generous), Second person polite, plural: Uds. son muy generosos. (You all are very generous.) Third person singular: (l) es abogado. (He is a lawyer). Third person plural: (Ellos) son abogados. (They are lawyers.) Note: The usted/ ustedes (the polite "you") form of address is second person but uses third person verb forms. Spanish Tenses Compound Tenses -Present Perfect(prterito perfecto): he comido (I have eaten)

Conjugations Types -First Conjugation -ar: hablar (to speak) -Second Conjugation -er: comer (to eat) -Third Conjugation -ir: vivir (to live)

Simple Tenses -Present Tense (presente): hablo (I speak) -Future Tense (futuro): hablar (he will speak) -Imperfect Tense (pretrito imperfecto): hablaba (he used to speak) -Preterit/ Past Tense: habl (he spoke)

Moods -Indicative (indicativo): To express a fact: Estoy en el restaurante. (Im in the restaurant.

-Subjunctive (subjuntivo): To express a wish -Future Perfect (futuro perfecto): attitude, or a doubt: habr comido (he will have eaten) Quiero que Ud. venga. (I want you to come.) Siento que no venga Ud. (Sorry you're not com Dudo que venga Ud. (I doubt that you'll come -Pluperfect or Past Perfect (pretrito pluscuamperfecto): -Conditional (potencial or condicional): haba hablado (I had spoken) Expressing the idea of (would): Juan no lo hara as. (Juan wouldn't do it that w -Preterit Perfect orPast Anterior (pretrito anterior): hubo -Imperative (imperativo): Expressing a direc comido (he had eaten) Venga Ud! (Come!)

Spanish Present Tense The present tense (presente) of regular verbs is formed by removing the infinitive ending (-ar, -er or -ir) and adding personal endings to the verb stem, it's the most used tense, and it functions quite similarly to the present tense in English.

Present Tense in Spanish Present (regular) hablo,as,a,amos,an como,es,e,emos,en vivo,es,e,imos,en Present (Irregular) conozco,es,e,mos,en doy,das,a,mos,n

digo,dices,-,decimos,n empiezo,as,a,ezamos,n encuentro,as,a,o-mos,an estoy,as,a,amos,an hago,haces,-,mos,n, voy,vas,a,mos,n The present tense is used to describe something that is happening right now: (yo hablo) I speak. To refer to habitual actions:corro 5 km todos los das (I run 5 km every day). Its also used to describe something happening in the near future: empiezo la semana que viene (I start next week). Also note that the present tense is sometimes used in literature to replace the preterit, also called the vivid present used in a narrative, to tell of the past (we will see that later). Spanish Future Tense The future tense (futuro) of regular verbs is formed by adding personal endings to the infinitive of the Spanish verb, which makes it one of the easiest tenses to conjugate. The endings are the same for all three conjugations. Future Tense in Spanish Future (Regular) hablar,s,,emos,n comer,s,,emos,n vivir,s,,emos,n Future Irregular dir,s.,emos,n encontr,s,,emos,n har,s,,emos,n podr,s,,emos,n pondr,s,,emos,n querr,s,,emos,n sabr,s,,emos,n saldr,s,,emos,n tendr,s,,emos,n vendr,s,,emos,n The future tense is often used in discussing things that will happen & expressing future time: Ir a la oficina maana (I will go to the office tomorrow). The future tense can express also uncertainty or probability in the present: Tendr hambre (he must be hungry). Spanish Imperfect Tense The imperfect tense (pretrito imperfecto) of regular verbs in Spanish is formed by removing the infinitive ending (-ar, -er or -ir) and adding personal endings to the verb stem. The good news is that there is one set of endings for the first (-ar) conjugation and a second set of endings for both verbs with (-er) and third (-ir). And not many irregularities, In English its usually the equivalent of "was ...-ing" or sometimes "used to". Imperfect Tense in Spanish Imperfect regular hablaba,s,-,mos,n coma,s,-,mos,n viva,s,-,mos,n Imperfect Irregular iba,s,-,bamos,n era,s,--,ramos,n vea,s,-,mos,n The imperfect tense is used to describe a situation in the past, or an action, which occurred repeatedly: corra 5 km cada da (I used to run 5 km everyday).

It is also used to refer to an action in the past that occurred over an extended period of time.Yo beba frecuentemente t (I used to drink tea frequently). The imperfect is used to express time or age in the past: era las nueve de la noche (it was 9 pm), tena 3 aos cuando su padre muri (he was 3 when his father died). It is also used to describe a scene in the past: el palacio era maravilloso (the palace was gorgeous). Spanish Preterit (Past Tense) The preterite tense or past tense (pretrito indefinido) of regular verbs is formed in Spanish by removing the infinitive ending (-ar, -er or -ir) and adding personal endings to the verb stem. As with the imperfect tense, there is one set of endings for the first (-ar) conjugation and a second set of endings for both verbs with (-er) and third (-ir) Conjugations. Spanish Past Tense Preterit (Regular) habl,aste,,amos,aron com,iste,i,imos,ieron viv,iste,i,imos,ieron Preterite (Irregular) anduve,iste,o,imos,ieron di,ste,o,mos,eron dije,iste,o,imos,eron dorm,iste,durmi,imos,u-ieron empec,empezaste,,amos,aron estuve,iste,o,imos,ieron hice,iste,hizo,imos,ieron fui,iste,e,imos,eron o,ste,oyo,mos,oyeron pude,iste,o,imos,ieron puse,iste,o,imos,ieron quise,iste,o,imos,ieron supe,iste,o,imos,ieron tuve,iste,o,imos,ieron traje,iste,o,imos,ieron vine,iste,o,imos,ieron vi,ste,o,mos,eron

The preterit tense is used for the past actions that are seen as completed, with a definite beginning or ending in the past or has a verb which refers to an action that has a clear end: yo habl con l (I spoke with him). Maria salo con l anoche (Maria went out with him last night). Fui ayer a la oficina (I went to the office yesterday). It is also used to indicate an event or action that took place while another action (usually in the imperfect tense) was still ongoing: Cantaba cuando llegu. (He was singing when I got there). Also we use the preterit when we use a word referring tothe time of the past: (ayer, anoche, el lunes, el ao pasado). Spanish Imperfect vs Preterit: Since its easy to confuse between the Imperfect and Preterit, and also because theyre not interchangeable, we will learn here whats the unique differences that each of them has: Preterit -To refer to something that happened once or more but with a specific end: fue ayer al gimnasio (dos veces) (I went to the gym (two times) yesterday). -To indicate a short event took place while another action (usually in the imperfect tense) was still ongoing: coma cuando llam por telfono (he was eating when I called). -Also used when we refer to the time of the past: (ayer, anoche, el lunes, el ao pasado). Imperfect -Habitual events (used to, would): corra 5 km cada da (I used to run 5 km everyday). -Duration, ongoing/incomplete events (was ing) el coma mucho (he was eating a lot). -Past action in progress: el telfono son mientras l dorma (the phone rang while he was sleeping) -Used when we refer to a general time reference: siempre, con frecuencia

The preterit tense is used more often than the imperfect tense; there are some exceptions though with the verbs: querer, pueder, tener, saber, creer, and esperar. We will see examples of some of them and how their meaning change by changing the tense:

Verbs Conocer Saber Querer No Querer Poder No Poder Spanish Perfect Tense

Imperfect conoca: to have known someone saba: to have known something quera: wanted no quera: didn't want poda: was able to no poda: wasn't able to

Preterit conoci: to have met someone supo: to have found out something quiso: tried no quiso: refused pud: managed to no pud: failed to

The compound tenses (tiempos compuestos) are formed in Spanish with the auxiliary verb "haber" and the past participle of the main verb. The past participle in compound tenses is invariable in form and keeps the same endings in both singular & plural. -The present perfect (pretrito perfecto) uses the present tense of the auxiliary verb haber: (he, has, ha, hemos, habis, han) + (stem+ado or ido). -ado for -ar ending verbs, -ido for -er and -ir ending verbs. he hablado, has comido, he vivido. It's used almost the same way English does. To express that something has happened at a certain point just before now, at an undetermined time in the past. It cannot be used with specific times, dates, days, or years, only if it indicates a repeated action during that same period of time. Ya he estado aqu (I have already been here). He, has, ha, hemos, habis, han + (one of the examples in the table). Spanish Past Participle (regular) hablando comiendo viviendo Past participle (irregular) abierto dicho escrito hecho ido puesto sido visto vuelto

-The future perfect (futuro perfecto) uses the future tense of the auxiliary verb haber, not used that often to indicate an action that will have taken place before another action in the future. (habr, habrs, habr, habremos, habris, habrn) + (stem +ado or ido), -ado for -ar ending verbs, -ido for -er and -ir ending verbs. habrs comido (you will have eaten). habrn visto (they will have seen). Future tense of haber (habr, habrs, habr, habremos, habris, habrn) + (one of the examples in the table).

Past Participle regular hablando comiendo viviendo

Past participle irregular abierto dicho escrito hecho ido puesto sido visto vuelto

-The pluperfect or past perfect (pretrito pluscuamperfecto) uses the imperfect tense of haber. It's used to refer to an action in the past which happened before another action in the past: cuando llegu a la casa, mi familia ya haba dormido (when I got home, my family was already sleeping). haba, habas, haba, habamos, habais, haban + (one of the examples in the table) Past Participle regular hablando comiendo viviendo Past participle irregular abierto dicho escrito

hecho ido puesto sido visto vuelto Examples: haba comido (I had eaten). habamos dicho (we had said). haban visto (they had seen) -The preterit perfect or past interior (pretrito anterior) is formed with the preterit of haber + past participle, and it has the same meaning as the past perfect. But this tense is usually used only after conjunctions of time, such as as que, luego que, tan pronto como (as soon as); cuando (when); despus (de) que (after); and hasta que (until). apenas (scarcely) or luego que (as soon as), so it's strictly a literary tense; in conversation: Despus que hube escrito la tarjeta, sal por la oficina de correos. (After I had written the letter, I went out to the post office). The preterit of haber (hube, hubiste, hubo, hubimos, hubisteis, hubieron) + (one of the examples in the table) Past Participle regular Past participle irregular abierto hablando dicho escrito hecho ido puesto sido visto vuelto Examples: hube comido (I had eaten), hubiste dicho (you had said), hubieron puesto (they had put). -The perfect infinitive (infinitivo compuesto) is composed of the infinitive of haber and the past participle of the verb: haber comido (to have eaten). haber visto (to have seen), haber comido (to have eaten). It indicates interiority to a given moment:de haber sabido, lo habra hecho (having known, I would have done it). -The perfect participle (gerundio compuesto) is composed of the present participle of haber and the past participle of the verb: habiendo comido (having eaten). It refers to an action, which ended before the one of the principal verb: Habiendo visto eso, sali llorando (Having said that, she left crying). Hopefully you learned something about Spanish tenses, like the present tense, past tense in Spanish, future tense, Spanish imperfect, present perfect tense. If you have any question, my e-mail is below. Good luck!! Spanish ConditionalMood The conditional mood (modo potencial) is used to expresses afuture uncertainty; usually a but or ifexpressing the reason for the uncertainty; it also expresses the idea of would, and it is one of the simplest Spanish moods. Its formed by combining theInfinitive+ -a, -as, -a, -amos, -ais, -an. This set of endings is compatible with all kind of verbs (-ar, -er, -ir). Note that like the future tense, some verbs may take an irregular stem before the endings, like the verb (decir which becomes dir + the endings above). Spanish Conditional Conditional: Regular verbs hablara,as,a,amos,in, an comera,as,a,amos,in, an vivira,as,a,amos,in, an Conditional: Irregular verbs dira,as,a,amos,in, an encontra,as,a,amos,in, an hara,as,a,amos,in, an podra,as,a,amos,in, an pondra,as,a,amos,in, an querra,as,a,amos,in, an sabra,as,a,amos,in, an comiendo viviendo

saldra,as,a,amos,in, an tendra,as,a,amos,in, an vendra,as,a,amos,in, an Some examples of the Spanish conditional: Lo hara esta noche, pero no tendr tiempo. (I would do it tonight, but I won't have time.) Lo habra hecho anoche, pero no tena tiempo. (I would have done it last night, but I didn't have time.) Te dije que vendra. (I told you I would come.) -Its commonly used to refer to what one expects or says will happen: past tense + conditional: Te dije que vendra (I told you he would come). Yo pensaba que vendra (I thought he would come). -It can also be used to express doubt in the past: Sera las diez (It was probably 10 o'clock). -Also note that the verb querer is used in the conditional to express a polite request:Quera saber (I would like to know) -The verb gustarse is used to express a polite desire or wish: Me gustara salir contigo (I would like to go out with you). me gustara salir, pero estoy resfriado (I wish I can go out, but I have a cold). -Also used with si (if) clauses. Si tuviera una galleta, la comera (if I had a cake, I would eat it) Spanish Conditional Perfect The conditional perfect (potencial perfecto) is a compound tense using the conditional of the auxiliary verb haber and the past participle of the main verb: habra, habras, habra, habramos, habrais, habran + (past participle, examples on the table below) Spanish Conditional Perfect Past Participle (regular) hablando comiendo viviendo Past participle (irregular) abierto dicho escrito hecho ido puesto sido visto vuelto habras comido (you would have eaten), habra dicho (he/she would have said), habranpuesto (they would have put). The conditional perfect refers to events which would have been completed had the situation been different, Note that this tense is generally used with the forms "hubieras/hubiese": - Si no hubiera nevado habramos terminado de decorar la casa (If it hadnt snowed, wewould have finished decorating the house). - Si no hubiera estado tan enfermo , habra terminado el trabajo (If I had not been so sick, I would have finished the job). Note: The conditional is often treated as though it was a tense rather than a mood; strictly conversational, however, the conditional is a mood which has two tenses: a simple tense used when referring to present possibilities and a compound tense used when referring topossibilities in the past. Spanish Imperative The imperative or positive familiar Cammands (mandatos) are used when you are telling (not just asking!) somebody to do something or giving him an order. Theyre expressed by means of the imperative mood. The Spanish imperative exists for 5 different grammatical persons: t, Ud., nosotros, vosotros, and Uds. Most often we find the formal form Ud. (You polite) Ud: hable usted ms despacio! por favor.(speak slowly, please!). T: espera a tu madre! (wait for your mother). nosotros: Hablemos de otras cosas! (Lets talk about other things!). vosotros (only in Spain): dormid vosotros! (Go to sleep, you all!). Uds: hablen ustedes ms despacio! por favor. (you poeple) speak slowly, please!) Now we will see how to form an imperative sentence with these five grammatical persons: -To use the imperative for Ud, add an a to the stem of verbs ending with (-er, and -ir), and an e to the stem of verbs ending with (-ar). examples hable usted! (talk!), viva usted! (live!) coma usted (eat!), but remember there are some irregularities, you will see them in the table below. -The second person singular (t) forms are identical to the third person singular of the present tense: El profesor habla. (The professor is talking.) Habla t! (Talk!)

-The first person plural (nosotros) is formed, by changing the letter before -mos to either eor a depending on if the original verb is ending with (-ar, -er, or -ir): -ar: e hablemos ! estudiemos. -er: a like in (comamos!) -ir: a like in (abramos!) -The second person plural (vosotros) forms are based on the infinitive, with a -d substituted for the final -r: Dormid vosotros! (Go to sleep, all of you!) -The third person plural (ustedes) for -ar: e hablen ustedes! For er, -ir: a vivan ustedes! coman ustedes! In general these are the variations, which occur to the ending of verbs including theNegative familiar commands, both singular and plural, are expressed by the present subjunctive: Regular -ar ending verbs: Take the present tense of the verb and change the (a) at the beginning of the suffix to (e).(for all the 5 grammatical persons) Regular -er ending verbs: Change the (e) at the beginning of the suffix after the stem to (a).( for all the 5 grammatical persons) Regular -ir ending verbs: For t, Ud., and Uds., change the (e) at the beginning of the suffix after the stem to (a). Nosotros: Change the (i) at the beginning of the suffix to (a). Vosotros: Change () to (i). -The present subjunctive is used for formal commands, both positive and negative: Duerma Ud. (Please go to sleep). It is also used for indirect commands (introduced by the conjunction que): Est cansado; que se acueste. (He's tired; let him go to bed.) -For impersonal commands given in a general sense (directions on a bottle or an examination paper, for instance) the impersonal pronoun se is attached to the subjunctive: Agtese antes de usar. (Shake before using.). Escrbase en espaol. (Write in Spanish.) Hortatory commands can be expressed either with the subjunctive or with the phrasevamos a and an infinitive: Durmamos. (Let's go to sleep.). Vamos a dormir. (Let's go to sleep.) Object pronouns are attached to affirmative commands, but they precede negative and indirect commands: Trigamelo Ud.. (Bring it to me.) No me lo traiga Ud. (Don't bring it to me.) Que lo traiga Juan. (Let Juan bring it.) This table shows how commands change, note the negative form: Spanish Imperative Vosotros/as Hablad! No hablis! Comed! No comis! Vivid! No vivis!

Commands (Mandatos): hablar: -a,-ad,-e,-en No es,-is,-e,-en comer: -e, -ed, -a, -an No as,-is,-a,-an vivir: -e, -ed, -a, -an No as,-is,-a,-an

t Habla! No hables! Come! No comas! Vive No vivas!

usted Hable! No hable! Coma! No coma! Viva! No viva!

ustedes Hablen! No hablen! Coman! No coman! Vivan! No vivan!

These are irregular verbs in the imperative form, which can be used in commands in Spanish: Spanish Commands Verb abrir andar caer cerrar conocer creer dar decir dormir empezar escoger encontrar escribir Imperative t / l abre,abra anda,andad cae,caiga cierra,cierre conoce,zca cree,crea da,dad di,decid duerme,dormid empieza,ce escoge,escoja encuentra,e escribe,escriba poder poner quedar querer saber sacar salir seguir sentir ser tener traer valer puede,pueda pon,poned queda,quede quiere,quered sabe,sabed saca,saque sal,salga sigue,siga siente,sienta s, sed ten,tened trae,traed vale /val,valga

estoy hacer ir llegar mirar or olvidar pagar volver

esta,estad haz,haced ve,id llega,llegue mira,mire oye,od olvida,olvide paga, pague vuelve,vuelva

venir ver jugar leer pensar perder pedir

ven,venga ve,vea juega,juegue lee,lea piensa,piense pierde,pierda pide,pida

One of the most confusing aspects of Spanish for beginners is the subjunctivemood. You might already be familiar with the most common verb mood "the indicative" mood which is considered a normal verb form, indicating both action and state of being. You also might know "the imperative" mood used to give commands. Now you're going to learn about the subjunctive mood, which is very essential to Spanish, and even many simple types of statements cannot be made properly without it. In general, the subjunctive is a verb mood that is used to express an action or state of beingin the context of the speaker's reaction to it. Mostly (although not always), the subjunctive mood is used in dependent clauses introduced by que (which, that, who) when the main clause expresses a wish, a strong emotional attitude, or an uncertainty. Frequently, the sentences that contain a subjunctive verb are used to express doubt, uncertainty, denial,desire/wish, commands, reactions or a strong emotional attitude to the clause containing the subjunctive verb. Compare the following two sentences: Indicative: Mara duerme. (Mara is sleeping) Subjunctive: wish= Espero que Mara duerma. (I hope that Mara is sleeping), desire= Te ruego que duermas (I beg you to go to bed). Doubt= Dudo que duerma (I doubt that she is sleeping). Another example: Indicative (statement of fact): Mara duerme. (Maria is sleeping)Indicative (statement of fact): S que Mara duerme. (I know that Maria is sleeping)Subjunctive (doubt): No es cierto que Mara duerma. (It is uncertain that Mara is sleeping.) Subjunctive (denial): No es verdad que Mara duerma. (It is not true that Maria is sleeping) Subjunctive (reaction): Estoy feliz que Mara duerma. (I am happy that Mara is sleeping) Subjunctive (wish): Espero que Mara duerma (I hope that Maria is sleeping)Subjunctive (desire/wish): Prefiero que Mara duerma (I prefer that Maria is sleeping). The subjunctive is also used for formal commands: Tenga Ud eso! (Have this!) For thenegative of informal commands: No duermas! (dont sleep) For hortatory commands: Durmamos! (Let's sleep!). And after impressional expressions: es necesario que/ insisto que Mara duerma... (I insist that Maria is sleeping). The subjunctive has four tenses: present subjunctive, present perfect subjunctive, imperfect subjunctive, and past perfect (or pluperfect) subjunctive. So, which form to use depends on two factors: the tense of the verb in the main clause & the time relationship between the verb in the dependent clause and the subjunctive verb. The Present subjunctive is regularly formed by adding one set of personal endings to thestem of -ar verbs and a second set of endings to verbs of the -er and -ir conjugations, and is used to indicate an action viewed as occurring at the same time or in the future when the governing verb is in the present. Spanish Subjunctive (Present Tense) Regular yo t l, Ud nosotros ellos, Uds Irregular yo t l, Ud nosotros ellos, Uds verb ending with ar= e hable hables hable hablemos hablen Estar / jugar ar =e verb ending with er= a venda vendas venda vendamos vendan Ser / saber er =a verb ending with -ir =iera escriba escribas escriba escribamos escriban Ir / mentir -ir =iera

est - juegue ests - juegues est - juegue estemos - juguemos estn - jueguen

sea - sepa seas - sepas sea - sepa seamos - sepamos sean - sepan

vaya - mienta vayas - mientas vaya mienta vayamos - mintamos vayan - mientan

Note that some other irregular verbs have different irregularities not listed in the table above. The Imperfect subjunctive is formed by adding a set of endings terminating in either -ra or -se (with no difference in usage or meaning) to the verb stem, with one set of endings for first conjugation (-ar) verbs and another set of endings for second (-er) and third (-ir) conjugation verbs, and is used in the same type of situations in which the present subjunctive is used, except that the governing verb is typically in a past tense (e.g., the preterit, imperfect, past perfect, conditional, conditional perfect, or one of the past subjunctives): Esperaba que l dormiera (or dormiese) pronto (I was expecting him to sleep soon). Spanish Imperfect Subjunctive verb ending with er =iera

Regular

verb ending with ar =ara

verb ending with -ir =iera

yo t l, Ud nosotros ellos, Uds

hablara hablaras hablara hablramos hablaran

vendiera vendieras vendiera vendiramos vendieran

escribiera escribieras escribiera escribiramos escribiera

The perfect subjunctive is a compound tense formed by the present subjunctive of haber and the past participle of the main verb. And is normally used to indicate the action as completed with governing verbs in the present or future tense or command forms. Examples: Me alegro de que l haya llegado (Im glad he has arrived): Spanish Perfect Subjunctive Regular yo t l, Ud nosotros ellos, Uds All verb (-ar, -er, -ir) haya hayas haya hayamos hayan hablado + comido vivido He has spoken/eaten/lived

The Pluperfect subjunctive is a compound tense formed by the imperfect subjunctive of haber and the past participle of the main verb. Similar to the past perfect indicative, this tense is may be used to indicate an action or state that occurred prior to something in the past (usually expressed by the imperfect or preterit indicative, or by the past subjunctive): Dudbamos que hubieran dormido (We doubted that they had slept). Spanish Pluperfect Subjunctive yo t l/ella/usted nosotros/vosotras vosotros/vosotras ellos/ellas/ustedes hubiera hubieras hubiera hubiramos hubierais hubieran hablado comido vivido I had spoken/eaten/lived

The following is a list of clauses commonly associated with the use of the Spanish subjunctive (about 80 expressions): Subjunctive in Spanish a menos que (unless) aconsejar(le) que (to advise that) alegrarse de que (to be happy that) antes (de) que (before) con tal (de) que (so that) conviene que (it is advisable that) cuando (when) dar(le) miedo de que (to be afraid that) decir(le) que (to tell someone to do something!) dejar que (to allow someone to do something) despus (de) que (after) dudar que (to doubt that) en caso de que (in case) en cuanto (as soon as) es (una) lstima que (it's a pity that) es aconsejable que (it's advisable that) es bueno que (it's good that) es difcil que (it's difficult for) es dudoso que (it is doubtful that) es fcil que (it's easy for) es fantstico que (it's fantastic that) es importante que (it's important that) gustar que (to like that) gustara que (would like that) hace falta que (to be necessary that) hasta que (until) importar(le) que (to matter) insistir en que (to insist that) mandar que (to order that) ms vale que (it's better that) mientras que (while) molestar(le) que (to bother) negar que (to deny that) no creer que (not to believe that) no es cierto que (it's not certain that) no es verdad que (it's not true that) no estar convencido de que (not be convinced that) no estar de acuerdo con (to not agree with) no estar seguro de que (to not be sure that) no imaginarse que (to not imagine that) no parecer que (to not seem that) no pensar que (to not think that) no suponer que (to not suppose that) ojal que (if only he would)

es improbable que (it's unlikely that) es incierto que (it's uncertain that) es increble que (it's incredible that) es malo que (it's bad that) es mejor que (it's better that) es menester que (it's necessary that) es necesario que (it's necessary that) es posible que (it's possible that) es preciso que (it's necessary that) es preferible que (it's preferable that) es probable que (it's probable that) es raro que (it's rare that) es ridculo que (it's ridiculous that) es terrible que (it's terrible that) esperar que (to hope/hope that) estar contento que(to be happy that) estar en contra de que (to be against)

para que (in order that) parecer(le) bien/mal que (to seem right/wrong that) pedir(le) que (to ask someone to do something!) perdonar que (to ask forgiveness for) preferir que (to prefer that) prohibir que (to prohibit that) puede ser que (it may be that) querer que (imperative: to want that) recomendar(le) que (to recommend that) rogar que (to plead/ beg that) sentir que (to regret that) sin que (without) sugerir que (to suggest that) tan pronto como (as soon as) temer que (to fear that) tener miedo de que (to be afraid that) vale/merece la pena que (to be worthwhile to)

This time we are going to learn the comparative in Spanish, which is composed basically of:equality, inferiority, superiority, superlative, irregular comparatives and finally the diminutive. In general comparative clauses are used simply to compare things. They tell us how one thing is in quality or quantity related to another thing. They can be superior, inferior or equal. A comparison can be done with adjectives and adverbs or nouns. Spanish Equality (Igualdad): To form equality in Spanish we use tancomo (as...as) especially when comparingadjectives and adverbs, tan never changes in the comparison or contrast of qualities. Espaol es tan importante como El Ingls. (Spanish is as important as English) Juan es tan alto como Eduardo.( John is as tall as Edward). Ella corre tan rpida como mi hermana. (She runs as fast as my sister). When comparing nouns, tantocomo (as much as, as many as) is used. Note that tantochanges to tanta, tantas, tantos to agree with the noun's gender and number. Maria tiene tanto dinero como su hermana. (Mary has as much money as her sister) No tengo tantos amigos como t (I don't have as many friends as you do). Spanish Inferiority (Inferioridad) and Spanish Superiority (Superioridad) When comparing adjectives, adverbs and nouns, we normally use menosque(less...than) for inferiority and ms...que (more...than) for superiority. Note that menosand ms dont change with gender or number. El jardn de mi vecino es menos atractivo que el mio. (The garden of my neighbor is less attractive than mine). El habla ms idiomas que su padre (he speaks more languages than his father). Note: when dealing with expressions of quantity or amount we use de instead of que: Tengo que ahorrar ms de 100 dollares para comprarme una enciclopedia. (I have to save more than 100 dollars to buy an encyclopedia) Esper menos de 20 minutos para el autobs. (I waited less than 20 min for the bus). Tengo ms de 50 euros. (I have more than 50 euros). Mi hija tiene menos de 18 aos. (My daughter is less than 18 years old). Spanish Superlative (superlativo): The superlative indicates the quantitative or qualitative superiority of one object in comparison to a certain group. In other words, Superlatives express the highest or lowestdegree of comparison when comparing two or more things. The difference between superlative and comparative is that the superlative goes one step further. It compares one fact not to only one other fact but to all other facts. There are 2 main ways to express a superlative idea. Its construction is similar to that of the comparative form. Spanish superlatives are formed by placing the definite article before the noun being compared, and note that the words ms and menos do not change with gender or number. In these instances, only the article determines the gender and the number of the subject. The table below shows how the superlative is formed: Spanish Superlative Singular el ms (the most) la ms/ (the most)

Superiority

Gender Masculine Feminine

Plural los ms (the most) las ms (the most)

Inferiority

Masculine Feminine

el menos (the least) la menos (the least)

los menos (the least) las menos (the least)

Es la chica ms guapa de todos. (She is the cutest girl of all). Este edificio es el ms grande de la cuidad. (this building is the biggest in town). Estos rboles son los ms antiguos del aldea. (These trees are the oldest in the village). Nadia es la ms delgada en la casa. (Nadia is the skinniest in the house) Las Islas Canarias son las ms atractivas en Espaa. (Canary Islands are the most attractive in Spain). Superlatives are also formed by simply adding the suffix -simo (-a, -os, -as) to an adjective or an adverb after taking the adjective ending -o/-a away: Spanish Superlatives Singular -simo altsimo (very tall) -sima viejsima (very old)

Gender Masculine Feminine

Plural -simos -simas

Note that the (o) of alto and viejo is omitted because of the of simo since the has priority. And also note that this kind of superlatives agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Maria es guapsima. (Mary is extremely cute). Mario es altsimo. (Mario is very tall). Gloria y Mona son inteligentsimas. (Gloria and Mona are extremely intelligent) Spanish Irregular Comparatives: In English we say good- better- the best. gooder or the goodest are not correct, same thing in Spanish, there are some irregularities. The following are adjectives and adverbs with irregular comparative and superlative forms: Spanish Irregular Comparative Comparative Superlative better mejor the best el mejor worse peor the worst el peor greater mayor the greatest el mayor less menor the least el menor better mejor best el mejor worse peor worst el peor more ms most el ms less menos least el menos younger menor the youngest el menor

Adjective/Adverb good bueno bad malo great grande small pequeo well bien badly mal much mucho little poco young joven

Spanish Diminutive There are only a few diminutives in English like kitty, doggy... while in Spanish most of nouns and adjectives have diminutive form. In English to avoid this gap we add the word "little. The most common Spanish diminutive suffixes are -ito and -cito (-ita and -citafor feminine) mi plantita (my little plant). The rules aren't hard and the tendency is that words ending in -a, -o or -te form the diminutive by dropping the final vowel and adding -ito or -ita, while -cito or -ecito are added to other words ending in e. We find also the diminutive suffix -illo and -cillo (-illa, -cilla for the feminine), -ico, -cico, -uelo, -zuela, -ete, -cete, -n and io (-ica, -cica, -uela, -zuela, -ete, -cete, -na and ia for the feminine). In Spanish the diminutive suffixes such as -ito is used not only to indicate size but also to indicate affection. In English little friend doesnt necessary mean small, often indicate more about the speaker's feelings toward the person or object than to its size. Note that the diminutive suffixes tend to be used in spoken Spanish more than in the written one. So in general Diminutives are used to express smallness or affection. Spanish Diminutive This is a list of the most common ways the diminutive suffixes are used in Spanish: miabuelita (my dear grandmother), casita (little house, cottage), perrito (puppy, little dog), rosita (little rose), papito (daddy), ahorita (right now), un cochecito (a cute little car), cerquita (right next to), gordito (chubby), Un momentito, por favor. (Just a moment, please), camisita (shirt), tontito (silly), vaquita (cowie), dolorito (tiny ache). Also in Spanish there is a way to form a new word not necessarily a diminutive of the original word, nor an affectionate way to talk about something like: mantequilla (butter), panecillo (bread roll), martillo (hammer), bolsillo (pocket), cajetilla (packet), bolsillo (pocket), ventanilla (ticket office), carbonilla (cinder), cabellitos (merry-go-round), cabecilla (ringleader), vaquilla (heifer), silla (chair). And even these words ending with illo/illa ito/ita . Still can have a diminutive form: martillo/ hammer ---> martillito

bolsillo/ pocket ---> bolsillito silla/ chair ---> sillita Note: The diminutive -ito ending should not be confused with the -ito ending in some past participles such as frito (fried) and maldito (cursed). Summery of Spanish Comparative: Comparison forms are equality, inferiority, superiority, and the superlative. Theyre simply used to compare things, either in quantity or quality, they can be superior, inferior or equal, and a comparison can be done with adjectives and adverbs or nouns. The diminutive form is used to express size or affection. This table will show you all kind of Spanish comparatives & some forms of Spanish diminutive: Spanish Comparative El ms... The most or the ~est. ms...(que) more...than or ~er than tan...como as...as (for adjectives & adverbs) tanto...como as much/many as ( for nouns) menos...(que) less/fewer...than Bueno/mejor (good,better). Malo/peor (bad, worse) Viejo/mayor (old, older). Joven/menor (young, younger) Ito/ita, itos/itas. (dedo/dedito, little finger). illo/illa, illos/illas.(bolso/bolsillo, pocket)

Superlative Superiority Equality Inferiority Irregular Diminutive Spanish Contraction

There are only twocontractions(contracciones) in Spanish: al and del: alis a contraction of the preposition a + el (ameans: to, for, at, by), and the masculine singular definite articleel: voy al rio. (I'm going to the river). Soal means to the, but also means upon: alsalir de la casa, abro mis paraguas. (Upon leaving the house, I open my umbrella.) Del is a contraction of the preposition de+ el: de (of, from, with) plus the masculine singular definite article el: el palacio del rey (the place of the king) Don't confuse between contracting a+ el (definite article) and a+ l (personal pronoun he) because a and l cannot be contracted, hablo a l (I talk to him). So in short, the contractions in Spanish are two: Spanish Contraction al del

a + el de + el

Spanish Conjunctions Conjunctions (conjunciones) join words, phrases and clauses together. In other words,conjunctions provide a link between similar words or groups of words, such as nouns, verbs, people, etc. The most commonly used conjunction in Spanish is y (and): salgo con Mario y Jos (I go out with Mario and Jos). Other commonly used conjunctions are: o (or), ni (nor), pero (but), entonces (then): Mi amigo es alto, pero es muy delgado.(my friend is tall, but very skinny). sale ella a las nueve o las diez? (is she going out at 9 or 10). Ni a favor ni en contra , Sino todo lo contrario!!! (Not for, nor against, but quite the opposite). So in short this are some conjunctions in Spanish: Spanish Conjunctions o nini

y pero

Spanish Personal "a" When the direct object of a verb is a person or a domestic animal, it is preceded by the personal a (la preposicin personal a) which has no English equivalent, therefore many English natives forget adding it when they talk about a person, which is considered a serious mistake from the point of view of Spanish natives: V el accidente (I saw the accident), but v a la hermana de Juan (I saw Juans sitster). la polica busca a la nia perdida (the police are looking for the missing girl). The personal "a" is not used, however, with the verb tener (to have), or with collective nouns, and with nouns referring to unspecified people: Tengo un hermano (I have a brother), and not tengo a un hermano. necesito mdico (I need a doctor, it doesnt matter who). Saber vs Conocer At a first glance, saber and conocer both mean the same thing, and that is "to know". So choosing the right verb depends on the context in which it is used. We use saber to express knowledge or ignorance of a fact or information about something or

to know how to do something. It is often followed by an infinitive or a subordinate clause. Sabes Alemn? (do you know German?) l sabe donde est su perro (he knows where his dog is). Also used to say that you know something by heart, el sabe las capitales de todo el mundo (heknows the capitals of the world by heart). Also used For skills: Ella sabe cocinar (sheknows how to cook). sabes nadar verdad? (you know how to swim, right?) We use conocer to say that one is familiar with a person, a place, or an object. It can only be followed by a direct object, never by an infinitive or a subordinate clause. Remember that if the direct object is a person, the preposition "a" must be used. noconozco a nadie en la escuela (I don't know anyone at school). Jose conoce Marruecos (Jos knows Morocco). You can also use both in some cases, for examples use saber or conocer to express knowledge or ignorance of a subject or learning discipline: pienso que l no sabe nada de ruso. (I think he doesnt know a thing about Russian), no conoce/ sabe nada de la geografia (he doesnt know anything about geography). So in short these are some reasons which help you decide which to choose: Saber vs Conocer Conocer to know (to be familiar with a person, places, things)

Saber to know (facts, information, how to do something, something by heart).

Note that the preterit of saber means to find out: Supe la realidad la semana pasada. (I found out the reality last week). Pedir vs Preguntar The two Spanish verbs pedir and preguntar both mean "to ask", but saber & conocer are not interchangeable, their rules are easy to learn however: Pedir vs Preguntar Preguntar to ask a question, or request information (followed by si, donde, cuando, de quien, a quhora, etc.) Pregunt a qu hora llega el tren (I asked what time does the train arrive). Mepregunt por el dinero (he asked me about the money what have I done with it).

Pedir to ask for something, or request an object, service or favor (followed by a noun): mepidi dinero (he asked me for mone to give him).

In short: pedir: to ask (for an object or a service), preguntar: to ask (a question, request information). Verb Gustar Spanish sometimes places the subject after the verb, which is the case with the verb gustar: Me gusta la playa (I like the beach). Nos gustan los pescados (we like fish) Le gustan las verduras (he likes salad). Note: Nos gusta el ftbol (we like soccer) and not: nos gustan el ftbol, which is a common mistake Spanish learners make. In other words, gustar follows what comes after it, and not what comes before, same thing when using the pronoun le or les: A Junle gusta el carne (John like meat). A Miguel le gustan las verduras (Miguel likes salad). Note that its incorrect to say: A Miguel les gustan las verduras. the -an of gustan refers to the plural verduras. Summery: Contractions: There are only two contractions (contracciones) in Spanish: al and del, al is a contraction of the preposition a + el, and del is the one of: de+ el. Conjunctions: they provide a link between similar words or groups of words, such as nouns, verbs, people, etc. The most common are y (and).o (or) ni (nor) pero (but)entonces (then) Personal "a": used when the direct object of a verb is a person or a domestic animal: no conozco a nadie aqu (I dont know anyone here) except with tener, the a shouldnt be used in that case: Tengo un hermano (I have a brother) Saber vs Conocer: saber: to know (facts, information, how to do something, something by heart). conocer: to know (to be familiar with a person, places, things) Pedir vs Conocer: pedir: to ask (for an object or a service), preguntar: to ask (a question, request information) The verb Gustar: gustar is one of the exceptions where the subject is placed after the vebs, Me gusta la playa (I like the beach) me gustan las frutas (I like fruits). Spanish Phrases A He is very able I'm able to do this work Round about Whats it all about? to dream about something I'm about to Absence of mind Tiene mucho talento soy capaz de hacer este trabajo En los contornos De qu se trata? soar con algo estoy en camino de Distraccin

In accordance with According to He is accused of... she lives across the street To act the fool In addition to two adjoining rooms To adjourn the meeting A piece of advice give someone an advice take someone's advice I advice you to leave take advantage of ... I'm afraid of (things /to do things) I'm afraid of cats he's afraid of the dark Im afraid she wont come Not your affair (business) Your affectionate niece I cannot afford it after passing the bridge after...turn to...keep straight on The day after. After all The after life Never again I never saw him again What do you have against her? At the age of ten... 10 minutes ago long time ago I agree with you in the open air all at once All but All the better he is allergic to it's not allowed Talking not allowed Almighty God it will be alright Is it alright to leave now? What do you do for amusement? to be angry with someone Why don't you answer? Do you have any idea at all? Anyone wants to chat with me? if I can help you anyhow, let me know make an appointment with the Dr I would like to make an appointment

De acuerdo con Segn El es acusado de.... vive al otro lado de la calle Hacer el tonto Fuera de, adems dos habitaciones contiguas Suspender la sesin Un buen consejo dar un consejo a alguien seguir el consejo de alguien te aconsejo que te vayas Aprovecharse de.../ sacar ventaja tengo miedo a/de tengo miedo a los gatos Le da miedo la oscuridad Me temo que no venga No es cosa tuya Su afectuoso sobrina Es superior a mis recursos despus de pasar el puente Despus degire a...siga todo recto... el da siguiente Despus de todo La vida futura Nunca jams no lo volv a ver Qu tienes contra de ella? A los diez aos... hace 10 minutos hace mucho tiempo estoy de acuerdo al aire libre A la vez menos Tanto mejor el es alrgico a no est permitido No se permite hablar El todopoderoso saldr bien Puedo irme ahora? Qu haces para entretenerte? estar enojado con alguien Por qu no contestas? Tienes alguna idea? Alguien que quiera hablar conmigo? si puedo ayudarte de alguna manera, dmelo pedir hora con el doctor me gustara hacer un apunte

he is as tall as John I work full time as a ... to be ashamed of I asked him for money I asked him where he lives Can I ask you something? she is an asset to our company be good/bad at something I don't like dogs at all be aware of something Do you have rooms available? B she will be back tomorrow I'll be right back When are you coming back? they wrote back (letters) I'm bad at math he is going bald go bankrupt language barrier Dont be sad! to beat someone up go to bed I've never been to Spain I've been studying Spanish for... I don't believe you you will have to do without do one's best All the best! I bet he doesn't come I'm getting better you had better ask for permission The bill please! The land of my birth... Date of birth? Happy birthday! let's chat for a bit I'll be there in a bit blame someone for something Bless you! in cold blood Bon apptit! I booked a room I'm bored Where were you born? I was born in 1979 I was born in Italy, but go often to Mex I was born in France but live in the US Does it bother you if I smoke?

el es tan alto como Juan trabajo a tiempo completo como manager estar apenado de, estar avergonzado de le ped dinero le pregunt dnde viva Puedo hacerte una pregunta? es un gran valor para la compaa ser bueno/malo haciendo algo no me gustan nada los perros ser consiente de algo Tienes habitaciones disponibles?

volver maana regreso en un momentito cundo volvers? contestaron a la carta/la llamada se me dan mal las matemticas se est quedando calvo ir a la quiebra barrera lingstica No ests triste! dar una paliza a alguien ir a la cama no he estado en Espaa tengo tres aos estudiando Espaol No te creo. Me crees verdad? te las tendrs que arreglar hacer todo lo posible buena suerte! Que te vaya bien! apuesto a que no viene estoy haciendo progresos sera mejor que pidieras permiso la cuenta por favor Mi tierra natal... Fecha de nacimiento? Feliz cumpleaos! platicamos un rato/ ratito estar all dentro de un rato culpar a alguien de algo Jess! qu Dios te bendiga! a sangre fra Qu aproveche! Buen provecho! tengo una habitacin reservada me aburro, estoy aburrido Dnde naciste? nac en mil novecientos setenta y nueve yo nac en Italia pero voy muy seguido a Mx yo nac en Francia pero vivo en los EU Te molesta si fumo/ si mi siento aqu?

at the bottom of the screen Please, bring us..! I'm just browsing be on a budget I'm here for business it's none of your business buy a ticket Where can I buy...? I did it by myself by the way C long distance call Whats that called? we must call for an ambulance I will call back later/tomorrow there is a call for u I'll give you a call tomorrow he called him a liar they called you gay this stupid calls me bitch but they call me John And who's calling? Calm down! I came from work Can you call again later? Can you hear me? that can't be right Can I...? Take care! Be careful! in that case pay in cash catch up on one's sleep I'm not taking any chances for a change Will that be cash or charge? Cheer up! Cheers! it's chilly today I had no choice Merry Christmas! Is it close? no clue I'm cold I have a cold Come here! How come? Come in! come on, you're exaggerating Come on! tell me

en la parte inferior de la pantalla Nos trae (ms pan)! slo estoy mirando tener un presupuesto limitado estoy aqu por razn de trabajo no es asunto/cosa tuyo/a sacar una entrada dnde venden tarjetas telefnicas? lo hice yo solito a propsito una llamada interurbana Cmo se llama a esto en espaol? debemos telefonear a una ambulancia le volver a llamar ms tarde/maana tienes una llamada, te llaman te llamar maana le llam mentiroso te dijeron maricn de mierda ese estpido me llama perra pero me llaman Juan De parte de quin? Clmate! estoy llegando del trabajo Puede volver a llamar ms tarde? Me oyes? debe haber un error Puedo...? Cudate! Cuidados! Ten Cuidado! en ese caso pagar en efectivo recuperar sueo no voy a correr ningn riesgo para variar Pagar en efectivo o con tarjeta? Anmate! Salud! hace fresquito hoy no tuve alternativa Feliz navidad! est cerca? no tengo ni idea tengo fro estoy resfriado, tengo un resfriado venga aqu! ven ac! Cmo es eso? Por qu? y eso? entre! adelante! vamos, hombre! ests exagerando anda! Dime.

have something in common Compared with... we're not compatible Concerning... I have a confession to make congratulations on Its considered to be... take something into consideration I'm a good cook Is it correct to say...? you're correct it costs too much I'd like to visit your country one day Of course! Do you accept credit card? I was cut off I had my hair cut we were cut off it looks really cute on u

tener algo en comn con alguien comparado con no somos compatibles Por lo que toca.... tengo algo que confesar felicidades por Se considera que es......... tomar algo en consideracin soy un buen cocinero Es correcto decir....? tienes razn cuesta demasiado Me gustara visitar algn da tu pas Claro! Claro que si! Por supuesto! Aceptas tarjetas de crdito? se me ha cortado la comunicacin me he cortado el pelo/dedo se ha cortado eso te queda muy mono Spanish Phrases D-E

D you're damaging your health I don't give a damn! damn it How dare you! Yes my darling! out of date Whats today's date? day after day it's a good deal dear Rosa there will be a 5 min delay the meal was delicious you're deluding yourself I don't deny it, I'm proud of being ... that depends it depends on the weather deprive someone of something Dial the number ....for... it doesn't make any difference with difficulty a four digit number Is there any discount on... I find it disgusting do not disturb I don't know what to do That will do! Well done! with double bed ests perjudicando tu salud Me importa un pimiento! Maldita sea! Cmo te atreves! s cario pasado de moda (ropa), caducado (passport) Qu fecha/da es hoy? Da tras da.... es una ocasin querida rosa habr una demora de 5 minutos la comida estuvo deliciosa te ests engaando a ti mismo no lo niego, soy muy orgulloso de ser latino depende depende del tiempo privar a alguien de algo Marque el numero...para... no cambia nada con dificultades un nmero de 4 dgitos Haces descuento a... me da asco no molestar no s qu hacer Ya vale! bien hecho! con dos camas

I'm going downtown it's drafty here she is a good drawer I dreamt about you last night I don't drink Youre driving me crazy he is driving me mad 10 minutes driving E we love each other take it easy I can't eat food that have pork effective May 1 you speak in an elegant way Anything else? I was embarrassed to ask to encourage someone When does it end? at the end of July Do you enjoy it? Enjoy the meal! goodbye and enjoy your time hope you enjoy the meal I don't have enough money Enough talk! That's enough! I've had enough! envy someone something you envy Cubans the word escapes me even if he begged me in the evening Have you ever been to NY? take an exam with the exception of excuse me (to pass by) take exercise at the company's expense could you explain that please to a certain extent keep an eye on

voy al centro hace mucha corriente aqu dibuja muy bien anoche so contigo no bebo Me vuelves loco l me est volviendo loco. diez minutos en carro nos queremos Tranquilzate! no consumo alimentos que contienen jamn a partir del 1 de mayo hablas con cierta elegancia algo ms? no eso es todo, gracias me daba vergenza preguntar dar nimo a alguien a que hora termina? a finales de julio te gusta? Comer con gusto! adis y que disfruten su tiempo espero que disfruten la comida no tengo suficiente dinero Esto es. Basta ya estoy harto! envidiar a alguien por algo t lo que tienes envidia de los cubanos no consigo recordar la palabra aunque me suplicara por la tarde Has estado alguna vez en Nueva York? hacer un examen a excepcin de disculpe! Oiga! perdone! (for attention) hacer ejercicio, ejercitar a cargo de la empresa puedes explicarlo, por favor hasta cierto punto esta pendiente de Spanish Expressions F-G

F Face to face yours faithfully be faithful to one's partner I fell of the wall I have fallen be falsely accused of something that looks familiar Frente a frente. Cara a cara le saluda atentamente ser fiel a la pareja me ca del muro me he cado ser acusado falsamente de algo eso me resulta familiar

be famous for Is it far? How far is...? as far as I know you've gone too far (in behavior) so far so good fast food restaurant it's your fault it wasn't my fault do me a favor I'm fed up with my job I don't feel well I don't feel like it I feel sick/tired Howre you feeling today? I don't feel like it fill it up please Where can I find a good restaurant? that's fine, I will take it (room) have a fight (argue) How did you find the hotel? Fire! it fits you perfectly meet/see s.o in the flesh he speaks Spanish fluently sorry, I'm not free Its foggy! follow this road follow me I'm fond of.... I'm very fond of him I've been on my feet all day on foot/by car this is for you What is this for? please get it done for Monday let me do it for you I bought it for $15 How much did you sell it for? I'm here for 6 months happy for you I worked for 3 years in..... I forgot his name to forget to do something to be on form/shape it's 15 degrees below freezing don't be frightened from today on from here to there I work from...to...

ser famoso por est lejos? a qu distancia est...? que yo sepa te has pasado por ahora muy bien restaurante de comidas rpidas es culpa tuya No tuve la culpa. no tengo la culpa (pres) haga me un favor! estoy harto de mi trabajo no me siento bien no me da la gana estoy mareado/cansado Cmo te encuentras hoy? no me apetece lleno , por favor, llena esta hoja dnde puedo encontrar un buen restaurante esta bien, la tomo pelearse Qu te pareci el hotel? Fuego! te queda perfectamente conocer/ver a alguien en persona habla espaol con soltura lo siento mucho, pero no estoy libre hay niebla siga esta calle/carretera sgueme soy un gran aficionado al ajedrez le tengo mucho cario llevo todo el da de pie a pie/en carro esto es para ti para qu sirve esto? por favor tenlo listo (para) el lunes djame que te lo haga lo compr por 25 dlares por cuanto lo vendiste? voy a estar aqu 6 meses me alegro por ti Trabaj durante tres aos para.... se me olvid su nombre olvidarse de hacer algo estar en forma diez grados bajo cero No te asustes! No tengas miedo! a partir de hoy desde aqu hasta all trabajo de nueve a cinco

Where are you from? Anyone from Maryland? I'm frozen Fuck off! sorry, we're full Bye. Have fun! make fun of we're having a lot of fun that's not funny G gain 20 pounds she gave me a lift to my house I'm getting old Excuse me, can I get by? I get along very well with him get on the bus/my bike How are you getting along at school? give her my love give a present to someone I'm glad to see you Where would you like to go? it's to go (food) I have to go, goodbye How is it going? Where are you going? be all gone (finished) Can I? Sure, go ahead! ok little friend, I've got to go thank God (goodness) good morning, evening, night good night and sweet dreams he is good at chess Oh! That's good! I'll graduate in two weeks I'm grateful to him How was it? Great! That would be great! I guess so Hey, you guys! H have short/long hair half bottle half a pound at half price half way on one hand...on the other hand Hands up! on your right hand let me handle this

de dnde eres tu? alguna persona de Maryland? estoy helado Que se joda! vete a la mierda! lo siento pero estamos completos Adis que los pasis bien! burlarse de nos estamos divirtiendo mucho eso no tiene gracia engordar 20 libras ella me llev a mi casa me estoy haciendo mayor perdname, puedo pasar? el me cae muy bien montarse en el autobs/mi bici Cmo te van las cosas en el colegio? dale recuerdos de mi parte hacer un regalo a alguien me alegro de verte adnde quieres ir? es para llevar me tengo que ir, adis como te encuentras? adnde vas? haberse acabado puedo? por supuesto , adelante bueno, mi amiguito me retiro gracias a Dios Buenos das! buenas tardes!..noches! Buenas noches y dulces sueos! se le da muy bien el ajedrez Oh, qu bien! en dos semanas me gradu le estoy agradecido cmo fue? Estupendo. genial lo ira grande! me imagino que s Eh, gente! Spanish Expressions tener el pelo corto/largo media botella media libra a mitad precio a mitad de camino por una parte....por otra parte arriba las manos! a mano derecha deja me que me ocupe yo de esto

Do you have (in restaurant)? What happened? What happened to my question? What has happened to you? this place is haunted Can I have a coffee? I had my hair cut Do you have anything on tonight? you're funny, he is not Have you heard of Mike? know something by heart turn on the heater there is heavy traffic what the hell you doing/want Go to hell! say hello to someone I can't help it Help yourself! Can you help me? thank you for your help Can I help you? (shop) I know her this is for her here is the key to your room here you're Here you go! by herself Hi all! high blood pressure highly paid hitch a ride hold on please Have a good holiday! take a holiday Anybody home? New York is my home make yourself at home Everything ok at home? I hope you like it I hope so take someone hostage I'm hot it's hot How come? How are you? How do you say a cup en Spanish? How do I get to..? How much is it per night? I give you a hug sense of humor

tienen? qu ha pasado? Qu pas con mi pregunta? qu te ha pasado? en este lugar hay fantasmas me da un caf? me cort el pelo Tienes algo planeado para esta noche? t tienes gracia, l no Te has enterado de lo de mike? saber algo de memoria enciende la calefaccin hay mucho trfico qu demonios estas haciendo/quieres vete a paseo! mejor vete al diablo! saludar a alguien no puedo evitarlo srvete! puede ayudarme? gracias por tu ayuda podra ayudarse? la conozco eso es para ella aqu est la llave, aqu tienes! aqu tiene! sola (alone), ella sola (without any help) Hola a todos! Saludos a todos la tensin alta estar muy bien pagado hacer autostop no cuelgue, por favor buenas vacaciones! tomarse vacaciones hay alguien en casa? Nueva york es mi hogar ponte cmodo todo bien en casa? espero que te guste espero que si tomar a alguien como rehn tengo calor hace calor Cmo es eso? Por qu? cmo ests? Cmo dices una taza en Ingles? cmo se va a...? qu precio tiene por noche? te doy un abrazo sentido del humor

I'm hungry I'm in a hurry Hurry up! you make yourself late again my/his back hurts I've hurt my hand my feet hurt

tengo hambre tengo prisa date prisa, vas a llegar tarde otra vez me/le duele la espalda me he hecho dao en la mano me duelen los pies Spanish Sentences I-N

I you're crazy I'm not I have no idea Good idea! if only fall ill are you implying I lied in a loud voice be incapable of doing something incidental expenses incite someone to do something it's important She speaks 5 languages, impressive! In 10 minutes you're not being very informative he injured his leg inquire into something please keep it, I insist for instance I'll have milk instead of coffee I have insurance intend to do something I'm not interested in politics at all be interested in something I don't see anything interesting on the internet I'm Moroccan Is breakfast included? That it! J he is in jail be jealous of it' s no joke I'm joking! have a safe journey judge for yourself the last judgment have just done something Just two I was just about to leave when I've just arrived K you can keep it te lo puedes quedar est en la crcel tener celos de no tiene ninguna gracia estoy bromeando buen viaje! jzgalo por ti mismo el juicio final (rel) acabar de hacer algo solamente dos estaba a punto de salir cuando acabo de llegar t ests loco, yo no no tengo ni idea buena idea! ojal caer enfermo Insinas que ment? en voz alta ser incapaz de hacer algo gastos varios incitar a alguien a que haga algo es importante habla 5 idiomas, es impresionante! dentro de 10 minutos no ests dando mucha informacin se lesion la pierna investigar algo por favor insisto en que te lo quedes por ejemplo tomar leche en vez de caf tengo seguro, estoy afiliado al seguro tener la intencin de hacer algo no me interesa la poltica en absoluto estar interesado en algo no veo nada interesante en Internet soy marroqu Es con desayuno? (Thats right) eso es!, (finished) ya est!

keep a promise keep the change Keep straight on until you get to... when I was a kid I was only kidding you're kidding that's very kind of you king size bed there was a knock on the door I don't know I have known him for a long time I have a good knowledge of Spanish L he lacks confidence Any lady from New York? How long does it last? last week sorry I'm late the train is late see you later Come back later ok. Do you know the latest? When does it leave? Where does it leave from? When do we have to leave the room? Can we leave out luggage here? I'm leaving tomorrow Leave me alone! there is nothing left less than 200$ let me know ok, Thats life! like you I really like it like I said like this I don't like you going out with them stand in line she's is a good linguist Listen to me! a little milk a live broadcast Where do you live? What do you do for a living? Are you local? Where is it located? I locked myself out for a long time don't be long I'm looking for John

cumplir una promesa qudate con la vuelta Siga todo recto hasta llegar a... cuando era pequeo estaba bromeando ests de broma gracias por tu amabilidad cama de matrimonio llamaron a la puerta no lo s le conozco desde hace mucho tiempo tengo una buena base de Espaol le falta confianza Alguna dama de Nueva york? cunto tiempo dure? la semana pasada siento llegar tarde el tren viene con retraso hasta luego venga un poco ms tarde Sabes la ltima? a qu hora sale? de dnde sale? a qu hora debemos desocupar el cuarto? Podemos dejar nuestro equipaje aqu? me voy maana djame me en paz! no queda nada menos de 200 dlares hzmelo saber, as es la vida! como t me encanta como dije as no me gusta que salgas con ellos hacer la cola se le dan bien los idiomas escuche a me! Escuche! un poco de leche una retransmisin en directo dnde vives? a qu te dedicas? eres de aqu? dnde queda....? me dej las llaves dentro por mucho tiempo no tardes mucho estoy buscando a Juan

it looks it's going to rain I look forward to hearing from u I'm just looking I'm lost we're lost Get lost! I've lost my wallet lost and found a lot of books/butter love (letter endings) be in love with I love swimming/nature Good luck! bad luck I'm lucky M drive someone mad make a decision it makes me hungry it makes me sad/upset Make yourself home! What is it made of? I've made 3 phone calls I'm male and have 25 years old have no manners be married to get married it doesn't matter Whats the matter? it may rain Whats in this (meal)? he knows me The meal is great! What does this mean? You know what I mean? You mean me? in the mean time taller than me What can you do for me? he is in a meeting Nice to meet you! have a good memory don't mention it (you're welcome) Waiter! The menu please! What a mess! be a mess Would you like to leave a message? Is there any message for me? Have you two met? in the middle of

parece que va a llover a la espera de sus noticias slo curioso, gracias me he perdido nos hemos perdido vete a paseo! he perdido la cartera la oficina de objetos perdidos muchos libros/mucha mantiquilla un fuerte abrazo (or) besos estar enamorado de me encanta nadar/la naturaleza que tenga suerte! mala suerte tengo suerte volver loco a alguien tomar una decisin me da hambre me da pena/lstima ests en su casa! de qu material es la mesa? es de madera hice 3 llamadas telefnicas soy hombre y tengo 25 aos ser un maleducado estar casado con casarse no importa que pasa? puede que lleva este plato, qu lleva? me conoce La comida es genial! Qu quiere decir esto? Qu significa esto? Sabes lo que quiero decir? A quin te refieres? A m? mientras tanto ms alto que yo Qu puedes hacer por me? est reunido Tanto gusto! Medio gusto conocerte! tener buena/mala memoria no hay de que Mesero! La carta por favor! qu lo! estar desordenado quiere dejar algn recado? Hay algn recado/carta para m? se conocen? en medio de (room,floor)

in the middle of the night/winter at midnight/midday Do you mind? change one's mind have something in mind I don't mind would you mind leaving it till tomorrow it's mine in a minute Just a minute! my son is missing I missed you (lost contact) make a mistake by mistake there's been a misunderstanding To be mixed up (emotionally) To be mixed up (confused) just a moment one moment please how much do you pay a month be in a good/bad mood more than 5 more or less he earns more than I do more than me the more I study, the more I learn I don't live there any more in the morning She is the most hardworking... I've read most of her novels at the most move house go to a movie Its not moving! I'm moving to a new house as much as I must be on time N Whats your name? My name is..... Under what name? to have a nap in the near future it's necessary to Its not necessary to... You live in Spain, don't you? Did you need anything? (store) If you need anything just let me know? there is no need to be rude/upset I need to talk to you

en plena noche/invierno a medianoche, al medioda te importa? cambiar de opinin tener algo en la cabeza no me molesta te importara dejarlo para maana es el mo en un momento un momento! se ha perdido mi hijo te saco cometer un error, equivocarse por error ha habido una equivocacin tener problemas emocionales estar confundido un momento un momento por favor cuntos pagas al mes? estar de buen/mal humor ms de 5 mas o menos gana ms que yo ms que yo cuanto ms estudio, ms aprendo ya no vivo all por la maana ella es la mujer ms laboriosa de la tierra he ledo la mayora de sus novelas como mucho mudarse de casa ir al cine no se mueve voy a mudarme de casa tanto ......como debo llegar a la hora Cmo te llamas? Cual es tu nombre? Me llamo....... A nombre de quin, por favor? dar/echar una cabezada en un futuro prximo es necesario, hay que No hace falta que... Vives en Espaa, no? or verdad? qu deseas? si necesita algo, dgamelo no hace falta ser grosero/que te enfades tengo que hablar contigo

I need money it means we're neighbors get on someone's nerves Whats new? I never drunk wine Whos next? be nice to your sister that's nice of you P.r is a very nice island but I wouldn't live there, only to visit To work nights don't talk nonsense you're talking nonsense to the north not now it's not ready I noticed that... from now on just now (a little while ago) just now

me falta dinero pues somos vecinos sacar de quicio a alguien qu hay de nuevo? nunca bebo vino quin es el siguiente? trata bien a tu hermana! es muy amable de tu parte puerto rico es una isla muy linda pero no vivira ah, slo para visitar trabajar de noche no digas disparates/tonteras estas hablando basura al norte de ahora no no est listo Me he fijado que... de ahora en adelante hace un momento en este momento Spanish Phrases O-Z

O be obsessed by/with take a day off off line he is ok (good guy) How old are you? he is getting old I'm ... years old she is older than me my oldest brother and so on all at once Once you have finished... Which one? not only... but also At what time does... Open? in the open air have an operation in my opinion in order to quite the opposite You ready to order? originally from Connecticut the other day Have you any others? every other day the others he is out stay overnight estar obsesionado con/por tomarse un da de fiesta/un da libre estar desconectado es buena persona Cuntos aos tienes? est hacindose mayor Tengo... Aos tiene ms aos que yo mi hermano mayor etctera al mismo tiempo una vez que hayas acabado cul? no slo ... sino tambin a qu hora abre el museo? al aire libre ser operado en mi opinin para al contrario deseas ordenar? originalmente de connecticut el otro da tienes otros? cada dos das los otros ha Salido quedarse a pasar la noche

room overlooking the lake work overtime be overweight owe s.o 100$ How much do I owe you? I owe you my own house P a pain in the neck Dont panic! a piece of paper Pardon! Where can I park? pass an exam the past few days Just be patient! How would you like to pay? pay attention be pending I don't want to, period! perhaps we could go next week ask someone permission to permit someone to do something in person don't take it personally be on the phone I want to make a phone call pick one's noise What a pity! Its a pity that... place an order pleased to meet you at 6.00 pm at 11.00 pm get to the point Theres no point in waiting... poke one's nose into be positive in power practice makes perfect long time I haven't practiced my Spanish Do you practice any sport? as a precaution I'd prefer to play tennis it's for a present he pretends to know everything to pretend to be someone prevent s.o from doing something Lets go to a private room! (chat) no problem

una habitacin que d al lago hacer horas extras estar demasiado gordo deber a alguien 100 dlares cunto te debo? te debo mi propio casa una lata/ un tostn que no cunda el pnico! un trozo de papel cmo? dnde puedo aparcar el carro? aprobar un examen los ltimos das ten paciencia! cmo deseas pagar? prestar atencin estar pendiente no me da la gana y punto! quiz podemos ir la semana prxima pedir permiso a alguien para permitir a alguien que haga algo en persona no te lo tomes como algo personal estar hablando por telfono Quiero hacer una llamada telefnica meterse el dedo en la nariz qu pena! Es una pena que... hacer un pedido encantado de conocerte las 6.00 de la tarde las 11.00 de la noche ir al grano no vale la pena esperar meter las narices en estar seguro en el poder base de prctica se aprende hace mucho tiempo que no tengo la oportunidad De hablar espaol Haces deporte? como precaucin prefiero jugar al tenis est cmo regalo pretende saberlo todo hacerse pasar por alguien impedir que alguien haga algo vamos al privado! no fue nada!

make progress Do you promise? How is it pronounced? it's not proper be proud of Are you proud of yourself? I'm not psychic in public on purpose Q That was quick! speak quietly it's quite good it's quite Expensive R I will race you it's raining get ready I realized that I didn't realize something Really! I'm really sorry Can you give me a receipt? Can you recommend a good restaurant? give s.o a refund refuse to do something best regards give my regards to Juan regardless of Relax! Don't get angry Whats your religion? be reluctant to do something rely on s.o to do something Do you remember John? I don't remember you remind me of James feel renewed for rent can you repeat that please have a good/bad reputation he needs a rest the rest he is retired/married/single take one's revenge get rid of I like riding do you want a ride to town I'm right I'm in Bogot right now turn to the right

hacer progresos lo prometes? cmo se pronuncia? no est bien estar orgulloso de Ests orgulloso de ti mismo? no soy vidente en pblico a propsito qu rpido! hablar en voz baja es bastante bueno bastante caro te echo una carrera est lloviendo prepararse me di cuenta de que no me di cuenta de algo verdad! lo siento en el alma me podra dar un recibo? puede recomendarnos algn buen (restau) devolver el dinero a alguien negarse a hacer algo un abrazo dale saludos/recuerdos a Juan de mi parte sin tener en cuenta tranquilzate! No te enfades qu religin tienes? ser reacio a hacer algo contar con alguien para hacer algo recuerdas a Juan? no recuerdo/no me acuerdo me recuerdas a Jaime sentir como nuevo se alquila puedes repetirlo, por favor tener una buena/mala reputacin necesita descansar el resto est jubilado/casado/soltero vengarse deshacerse de me gusta montar a caballo quieres que te lleve al centro estoy correcto estoy en Bogota en este momento gira a la derecha

I've been robbed Theres no room for... 5 days in a row I didn't mean to be rude It is rumored that.... time has run out do something in a rush my Spanish is pretty rusty S for sale (sign) be on sale the same same here I hope you're satisfied! I have to work and save to buy it be scared of be on schedule (work as planned) Whats the score? (match) start from scratch Screw you! by the sea I see you should see a doctor See you! it seems that (none wants to chat) it seems to me I'm serious Seriously? Is service included? have sex with in the shade Thats a shame! Shame on you! I need a shit do one's shopping in short What should I do? take a shower Shut up! I'm on your side be similar to since last week Since when? yours sincerely excuse me, sir Sit down! What size is it? sleep late have a sleepless night I'm sleepy

me han robado no hay sitio para 5 das seguidos no pretenda faltar al respeto se rumorea que se ha acabado el tiempo hacer algo con prisas tengo el Espaol muy abandonado se vende estar de rebajas lo mismo, igual yo tambin Estars contento! tengo que trabajar y ahorrar para comprrmela tener miedo de ir segn lo previsto cmo van? empezar desde cero Chinga tu madre! junto al mar ya veo deberas ir a que te viera un mdico hasta la vista! chao! parece que (nadie quiere platicar) me parece lo digo en serio en serio? est incluido el servicio? acostarse con a la sombra qu lstima! debera darte vergenza tengo que cagar hacer la compra en resumen qu debera hacer? ducharse cllate la boca! cllate! estoy de parte tuya ser parecido a desde la semana pasada desde cundo? saludos cordiales perdone, caballero sintate! qu talla est? dormir hasta tarde pasar la noche en blanco qu sueo tengo ahora!

Sleep well! get smart with she had smelly feet I miss you so I hope/think so So what? he sobered up some countries Would you like some? Is something wrong? let's have lunch sometimes as soon as as soon as possible the sooner the better I feel sorry for her I'm sorry ,I'm bit late I'm sorry but... Sorry! could you speak slowly Do you speak a foreign language? we're not speaking (quarreled) Can I speak to...? I was left speechless Is it spelt this way? How is it spelt? my head is spinning it smells bad Smoking or non-smoking? it's snowing What sort of car? we're sold out in spite of I can't stand John I can't stand onions Stand still! stare at I'm starving I'm staying at hotel We want to stay from... till ... Stop making that face! Stop the music! Go straight! When you reach... straight ahead I'm hardly struggling with Spanish I'm still studying I still don't understand Do you still want it? stop doing something be under stress be on strike

que duermes tranquilo! hacer el listillo con le olan los pies te echo tanto de menos eso espero/ creo y qu? se le pas la borrachera algunos pases quieres? pasa algo? quedemos para comer un da de stos tan pronto como lo antes posible cuando antes mejor siento pena por ella lo siento, llego un poco tarde lo siento pero... disculpe! puedes hablar ms despacio hablas alguna lengua extranjera? no nos hablamos puedo hablar con...? me qued sin habla se deletrea as? cmo se escribe? me da vueltas la cabeza huele mal! fumadores o no fumadores? est nevando qu clase de coche? esta agotado, esta todo ocupado a pesar de no soporto a Juan le dan asco las cebollas no te muevas! mirar fijamente me muero de hambre me quedo en el hotel Quisiramos quedarnos del..,al... Deja de poner esa cara! Pare la msica! vaya Ud derecho, hasta que llega a todo recto yo apenas estoy batallando con Espaol todava estoy estudiando sigo sin entenderlo todava lo quieres? dejar hacer algo estar estresado estar en huelga

struggle to do something it's stuck Ok...any subject (to talk about)? Whats the subject? succeed in doing something it sucks Can you suggest a place to eat? it doesn't suit me I'm not sure make sure that surf the Net surrounded by I swear covered in sweat T How long does it take? Ok take care, and have a nice day! he took her out to dinner he is very talented Which whom I'm talking? I will take it/them this seat is taken get a tan Can I taste it? he has no taste Can you call a taxi for us? I'm a teacher/doctor You must be telepathic! I will tell him Tell me! thanks to thank you for the info in theory Is there a hotel here? I think that... this one then you'll see...at the end of this street I (don't) think so I'm thirsty this is Mario speaking this is my father round trip ticket for the first time this time all the time take your time Is this seat taken? on time What time is it? be tired of something

luchar para hacer algo esta atascado Bueno..... Algn tema? cul es el tema? conseguir hacer algo es una mierda Puedes sugerir mi sitios para comer/visitar? no me queda bien, no me sienta bien no s exactamente/no estoy seguro asegurarse de que navegar por Internet rodeado de lo juro empapado de sudor Cunto tiempo se tarda? cunto tiempo lleva? Adis cudate y qu tengas un lindo da! la llev a cenar tiene mucho talento con quin hablo? lo/los tomar esta plaza es ocupada ponerse moreno puedo probarlo? tiene mal gusto Podra pedirnos un taxi, por favor? soy profesor debes tener telepata! se lo dir dime! gracias a le agradezco su informacin en teora Hay algn hotel por aqu? Creo que... ste Entonces vera...al extremo de este camino creo que si/no tengo sed Soy Mario al habla quiero presentarle a mi padre boleto de ida y vuelta por primera vez esta vez todo el rato tomate tu tiempo est ocupado este asiento? puntual qu hora es? estar cansado de algo

to be honest with you I won't tolerate it! go to the toilet be in training it's my treat (I'm paying) True. How can I trust you? I've tried it, it works Can I try it on? turn left/right it's my turn it's your turn Then turn to the left... What type of....? U the ultimate car I feel uncomfortable with him that's unfair he is at university What are you up to these days? it's up to you Whats up? get upset about something turn something upside down Its urgent! it's of no use to me it's no use be not used to something I don't know how to use this be useless (person) I used to like him as usual V be/go on vacation do you have any vacancies I'm here on vacation he was very vague about it in vain Do you have a vegetarian meal? I'm vegetarian Whats your verdict? with a view to (hotel) What can we visit in the area? W Have you been waiting long? Wait for me! Can you wake me up at...? Can we walk there? Do you want to go for a walk? go for a walk ***

para ser sincero no lo tolerar ir al bao estar entrenndose (sp) yo invito es Verdad Cmo puedo confiar en ti? lo he intentado, se puede hacer! podra probarme? gire a la izquierda/derecha me toca a m te toca pues tuerza Ud por la derecha qu tipo/clase de..? lo ltimo en coches me siento incmodo con l eso no es justo est en la universidad Qu es de tu vida? t eliges/ t decides qu onda? disgustarse por algo poner algo al revs es urgente! no me sirve no sirve de nada no estar acostumbrado a algo no se como se usa ste ser un intil antes me gustaba como de costumbre estar/ir de vacaciones tiene alguna habitacin libre? estoy aqu de vacaciones no fue muy preciso en vano tienes una comida vegetariana? soy vegetariano Qu te parece? Qu opinas? con vistas a Qu podemos visitar en esta zona? llevan mucho rato esperando? esprame! podra despertarme a las...? se puede ir andando? quieres dar un paseo? salir a dar un paseo

it's within walking distance walking is one of the best exercise be at war it's a waste of money/ time By the way, what's your name? No way! way of life Watch out! do a wee-wee How much do you weigh? it's weird you're welcome Get well soon! welcome to New York What is it? Whats the capital of..? what's it to you : ( What is it about? What part of New York are you from? I'll do whatever you want Which day? when I was a child call me whenever you want Where are you from? Where are you chatting from? I lived in Moscow for a while I will wait a while longer Whose is it? it's windy No wonder! it doesn't work go around the world Dont worry! Whats wrong? you have a wrong number Who can I talk to? Who I'm talking to? Who does it belong to? Whose is this? The girl I live with. Are you with me? he is a womanizer I wonder if you could help you have my word How does it work? the sound doesn't work here don't worry, I will get it (door) the worst be worth it I'd like to book a room

se puede ir caminando caminar es uno de los mejores ejercicios estar en guerra es una prdida de dinero/tiempo por cierto cmo te llamas, a propsito ni hablar! modo de vida ten cuidado! hacer pip cunto pesas? es raro de nada Ponte bueno! que te mejores! bienvenido a nueva york qu es? Cual es la capital de...? A ti qu te importa? de qu se trata? De qu parte de Nueva york eres? har lo que quieras qu da? cuando era nio llmame cuando quieras de dnde vens? De dnde chateas? -- yo desde Ohio viv en mosco una temporada esperar un rato ms de quin es? hace viento No me extraa. No me sorprende no funciona , esta roto/rota dar la vuelta al mundo no te preocupes! todo saldr bien qu pasa? se ha equivocado de nmero con quien puedo hablar? Con quien tengo el gusto? de quien es esto? de quin es esto? la chica con quien vivo me sigues? l es mujeriego Le importara ayudar me? tienes mi palabra cmo funciona? no sirve el audio aqu no te molestes, ya respondo yo lo peor valer la pena quera reservar una habitacin

Wed like to go to... I'd like to confirm/change/cancel... I would like to be a doctor I would like coffee with milk What work do you do? Would you write that down? Write it down please! be wrong Y I've known him for years my youngest sister Happy new year! Have you finished yet? not yet he hasn't arrived yet

Nos gustara ir a... Quisiera confirmar/cambiar/cancelar... quiero ser mdico quisiera un caf con leche En qu trabajas? puedes escribirlo, por favor Escrbalo, por favor! estar equivocado la conozco desde hace aos mi hermana menor feliz ao nuevo! has acabado ya? todava no