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  • Cell Diversity

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    MrGilmartin
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    1. There are two main types of tissues in animals: muscle tissue found in structures like the gut and blood vessels, and connective tissue which attaches organs and provides support through materials like cartilage. 2. In plants, there are three main tissue types: dermal tissue which forms the outer protective layer; meristematic tissue found at growth points which produces new cells; and ground tissue making up structures like leaves. 3. Organs contain multiple tissue types and have distinct functions, like the heart which uses muscle and nerve tissue. Organ systems group related organs, such as the circulatory or digestive systems.

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    Cell Diversity

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    1. There are two main types of tissues in animals: muscle tissue found in structures like the gut and blood vessels, and connective tissue which attaches organs and provides support through materials like cartilage. 2. In plants, there are three main tissue types: dermal tissue which forms the outer protective layer; meristematic tissue found at growth points which produces new cells; and ground tissue making up structures like leaves. 3. Organs contain multiple tissue types and have distinct functions, like the heart which uses muscle and nerve tissue. Organ systems group related organs, such as the circulatory or digestive systems.

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    498 views3 pages

    Cell Diversity

    Uploaded by

    MrGilmartin
    1. There are two main types of tissues in animals: muscle tissue found in structures like the gut and blood vessels, and connective tissue which attaches organs and provides support through materials like cartilage. 2. In plants, there are three main tissue types: dermal tissue which forms the outer protective layer; meristematic tissue found at growth points which produces new cells; and ground tissue making up structures like leaves. 3. Organs contain multiple tissue types and have distinct functions, like the heart which uses muscle and nerve tissue. Organ systems group related organs, such as the circulatory or digestive systems.

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    Cell Diversity: Tissues: groups of cells that have the same structure and function within a multicellular organism

    Animal Tissue: 1. Smooth Muscle: in the gut, blood vessels and other structures in the body cavity Long, slender, pointed cells called muscle fibres Myofibrils in cytoplasm allow cells to contract Cells usually organised in sheets In the gut there are two sheets of cells, longitudinal and circular. Sheets are right angles to one another This allows the gut to lengthen and widen

    2. Connective Tissue: main tissue of bone, tendons, ligaments and cartilage Attach organs together, give support Cells suspended in a matrix (non-cellular material) Example: Cartilage contains rubbery matrix which separates the cells Cartilage matrix contains collagen which is elastic. Myelin cartilage in joints (stops wear and tear), another type in the nose (flexible)

    Plant Tissue: 1. Dermal Tissue: Outside of the plant (skin) Non-woody plants covered with epidermis Epidermis cells protect inner layers of cells Tightly packed, often coated with waxy cuticle to prevent water loss Can contain specialised cells e.g. Guard cells around stomata root epidermal cells have root hairs on their surface

    2. Meristematic Tissue Dividing cells from which all other cells are produced Found at root tip, shoot tip, wherever there is growth in the plant. Small, thin-walled cells with no chloroplasts, no vacuoles. Cells divide, then differentiate (become different types of plant cells)

    Organs:
    Organ: contain at least two types of tissue, are distinct structures of the organism, and have particular functions. Animal Organs: Example: Heart contains muscle, nerves, valve tissue working together as a pump. Plant Organ: Example: Leaf: contain vascular tissue for transport of water and food, ground tissue containing chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and a dermal tissue to prevent excessive loss of water. Organ System: groups of organs working together to undertake specific functions Animal organ systems: Circulatory system: consists of heart and blood vessels.

    Digestive system: consists of mouth, oesophagus, stomach and intestines.

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