SCIENCE

CLASS
Animal Tissues
and its Location
and Functions
 Objectives:
• Differentiate various cell
types in animals
• Differentiate various tissues
in animals
 Objectives:
• Discuss the functions of
different types of tissues in
animals
• Deduce what would happen
if a particular tissue type is
damaged
 What are organs made of?
Organs are made up of tissues and are
organized and perform specific functions in
plants and animals. These are made up of the
same type of cells. These are made up of same
type of tissues.
 What is Tissue?
A tissue is defined as group of
cells along with intercellular
substances performing one or
more functions in the body.
4 TYPES OF ANIMAL TISSUE

Epithelial Muscle
Tissues Tissues

Nerve Connective
Tissues Tissues
1. Epithelial Tissue (or epithelia)

An epithelial tissue commonly referred

as epithelium(pl.: epithelia).

composed of thin, tightly packed cells

arranged in one or more layers. They are
present in skin and body activities .
1. Epithelial Tissue (or epithelia)

Apical Membrane
exposed to the external environment

Basal Membrane the side adjacent to the underlying tissue

1. Epithelial Tissue (or epithelia)

Epithelia can be classified based

on the shape of component
cells:
• squamous (flattened),
• cuboidal,
• columnar.
1. Epithelial Tissue (or epithelia)

Epithelia can be classified based

on the shape of component
cells:
• squamous (flattened),
• cuboidal,
• columnar.
1. Epithelial Tissue (or epithelia)
1. Epithelial Tissue (or epithelia)

Simple Stratified

composed of a single layer of

cells consists of two or more cell layers
8 types of Epithelium
 8 types of Epithelium

Simple squamous Simple cuboidal Simple Columnar

Pseudostratified
epithelium
epithelium epithelium columnar epithelium

Stratified squamous Stratified cuboidal Stratified columnar

epithelium epithelium epithelium Transitional epithelium
 Simple squamus epithilium

• Location: Linings of the heart and blood vessels,

walls in the lungs, linings in lymphatic vessels.
• Function: Allow diffusion and transport of
molecules or substances.
• Used for Gas exchange and friction reduction.
 Simple cuboidal epithilium

• Location: Ducts of pancreas, liver. salivary glands

and other secretary glands; linings of kidney
tubules.
• Function: Absorption and secretion of molecules.
 Simple columnar epithelium

• Location: Walls of intestines, stomach, bronchus

and gallbladder; Uterine tubes and uterus.
• Function: Conducive to absorption and secretion.
 Pseudostratified columnar
epithilium
• Location: Linings of the trachea and upper
respiratory tract; male urethra. It appears
stratified due to the variation in the position of
nuclei. Single layered cell
• Function: Secreting and
moving mucous.
Stratified squamous epithelium

• Linings of the esophagus, larynx, pharynx, vagina

and anus; outer layer of the cornea.
• Preventing water loss and abrasion.
Stratified cuboidal epithelium

• Ovarian follicles; linings of ducts of sweat

glands, mammary glands and other organs.
• Protects the tissues underneath the epithelium
Stratified columnal epithelium

• Larger ducts of secretory glands; conjuctiva and

retina of the eye; taste buds, organs in the eas;
male urethra.
• Secretion and protection.
Stratified columnal epithelium

• Larger ducts of secretory glands; conjuctiva and

retina of the eye; taste buds, organs in the eas;
male urethra.
• Secretion and protection.
 Connective
Tissue
composed of cells that are dispersed in an extracellular
matrix
3 Main Components
Ground Substance
"environment" of the cells
made up of Glycosaminoglycans

Cells Substance

Fibers
Function of Connective Tissue

• serve as a bridge between the other tissue types.

• Bind structures together, form a framework and support for organs and the
body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, protect against disease, and
help repair tissue damage.
2 MAIN TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Connective Tissue Proper Specialized Connective

Tissues

loose connective tissue dense connective tissue

Connective Tissue Proper: Areolar connective tissue

• Provides cushioning to overlying tissues

• Fibroblasts are most visible cells
⚬ •cells with tapered ends
⚬ •produce fibers and ground substance
• Has collagen fibers
⚬ •fibers of protein collagen
⚬ •strong, flexible, resistant to stretching
• •Has elastic fibers
⚬ •fibers of protein elastin (thinner than collagen)
⚬ •stretch and recoil easily
Connective Tissue Proper: Dense connective tissue
• •Primarily protein fibers
⚬ lots of collagen fibers
⚬ Less ground substance than loose
connective tissue
• 3 types:
⚬ dense regular
￭ tendons
⚬ dense irregular
￭ reticular layer of dermis
⚬ elastic
￭ wall of aorta
Specialized Connective Tissue: Reticular Connective
Tissue
Special Fibroblast known as
reticular cells.
The most abundant fiber in it
is reticular fiber.

Location: Lymph Nodes and

organs, bone marrow, spleen
Specialized Connective Tissue: Cartillage
Act as a good shock absorber and also covers the points of contact between bones,
reducing friction upon articulation.

Primarily cells is chondroblasts. A connective tissue rich in ground substance called

chondrin. Located in Trachea, nose, ribs, heart valves etc.
Specialized Connective Tissue: Bone
The cells are embedded in a mineralized
extracellular matrix composed of mainly
collagen fibers

Matrix is arranged in circles called lamellae

which is rich in calcium phosphate.

The main types of cells present are ;

osteoblast, osteocytes and osteoclast.
Location: Skeletal System
Specialized Connective Tissue: Blood

the most porous out of all

connective tissue.

It does not have fibers.

Specialized Connective Tissue: Blood

the most porous out of all connective

tissue.

It does not have fibers.composed

mostly of the ground substance
called plasma
Specialized Connective Tissue: Adipose Tissue

• AKA “fat”
• contains large cells filled with a
droplet of lipid
• cushions structures from shocks
• acts as insulation
• storage of energy for the body
 Muscle Tissue
Tissue that is unique
because they are one tissues
that can contract.
 Nervous Tissue
foremost tissue present in the nervous system and controls all bodily
functions and processes.
 Two types of Cells prsents

Neurons Glial Cells

responsible for creating and
also called neuroglia or glia. Hold
trasmitting signal throughout
neurons tyogether.
the nervous system
Thank you for listening!