ALGORITMA ALTERNATIF

ALGORITHM FOR ADDITION

(I) LONG METHOD (WORDS) 25 = 2 TENS 5 ONES + 56 = 5 TENS 6 ONES 7 TENS 11 ONES = 8 TENS 1 ONES

ALGORITHM FOR ADDITION

(II) LONG METHOD (NUMBERS) 25 = 20 + 5 + 56 = 50 + 6 70 + 11 = (70 + ( 10 + 1) = (70 + 10) + 1 = 80 + 1 = 81

ALGORITHM FOR ADDITION

(III) PARTIAL SUM TENS 25 +56 11 70 81 OR 5 1 7 8 ONES 2 6 1 0 1 5

ALGORITHM FOR ADDITION

(IV) CONVENTIONAL ALGORITHM 2 5 + 5 6 8 1

ALGORITHM FOR SUBTRACTION

I EXPANDED NOTATION METHOD (words) 3 TENS and 5 ONES = 2 TENS and 15 ONES - 1 TENS and 7 ONES

2 TENS and 15 ONES - 1 TENS and 7 ONES 1 TENS and 8 ONES

ALGORITHM FOR SUBTRACTION

II EQUAL ADDITION METHOD (alternate method) A subtraction problem that requires trading can be worked by "adding" the same value to both the minuend and the subtrahend to avoid trading". This method only works under subtraction.

ALGORITHM FOR SUBTRACTION

II EQUAL ADDITION METHOD (alternate method) (35 + 3) = 18 38 - 17 18 35 - (17 + 3) = - 20

ALGORITHM FOR SUBTRACTION

III WRITING TWO-DIGIT NUMBER AS SOMETHING PLUS A "TEEN" NUMBER Subtract 29 from 57. 57 = 29 = 57 - 29 = 50 + 7 = 40 + 17 (-)20 + 9 20 + 8 = 28

Notice that only 57 was put into something and "teen" form.

ALGORITHM FOR SUBTRACTION

IV USING BIGGER NUMBERS. You simply have one or more extra zeroes at the end Subtract 129 from 321 321 = 300 + 20 + 1 = 300 + 10 + 11 = 200 + 110 + 11 321 = 200 + 110 + 11 (-) 129 = (-) 100 + 20 + 9 321 129 = 100 + 90 +

2 = 192

ALGORITHM FOR MULTIPLICATION

I LONG MULTIPLICATION 23958233 5830 (= 23,958,233 0) (= 23,958,233 30) (= 23,958,233 800) (= 23,958,233 5,000) (= 139,676,498,390) 00000000 71874699 191665864 +119791165 139676498390

ALGORITHM FOR MULTIPLICATION

II LATTICE OR SIEVE MULTIPLICATION 345 X 2

LATTICE FORM

ALGORITHM FOR DIVISION

I SUBTRACTION PROCEDURE 15 3 = 5 3 15 -3 1 12 -3..2 9 -3..3 6 -34 3 3.5 0