REPORT No.

776
THE THEORY OF PROPELLERS. HMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE
VELOCITY
By THEODOEB THEODOBSEN
SUMMARY

A technical method is given for calculating the axial interference velocity of a propeller. The method involves the use of
certain weight functions P, Q, and F. Numerical values for
the weight functions are given for two-blade, three-blade, and
six-blade propellers.

<f>\

helix angle at xx (tan ] )

WEIGHT FUNCTION P^x)

It can be shown that the axial interference flow is given by

the expression

INTRODUCTION

It has formerly been the practice to use the Glauert-Lock

simplified assumption that the interference velocity is proportional to the loading at the point considered. This
assumption is obviously inadequate since the interference
flow depends on the slope and curvature of the loading function as well as on the local magnitude. A method is
developed herein for calculating the axial interference flow
for any loading. The method is accurate to the first order
and therefore gives the interference flow in ratio to the
loading for small loadings. It can be shown that this
accuracy is adequate for all technical applications.
The present paper is the second in a series on the theory
of propellers. Part I deals with a method for obtaining the
circulation function for dual-rotating propellers. (See
reference 1.)
SYMBOLS

V
V
n
u
V

axial interference velocity at Xi [v,(xi)]

rearward displacement velocity of helical vortex
surface (at infinity)
advance velocity of propeller
number of blades
order number of blade (O^n^p1)
angular velocity of propeller
circulation at radius x

circulation coefficient to first order (

nondimensional radius in terms of tip radius

reference point at which interference velocity is
calculated
angular distance of vortex element from propeller
advance ratio (V/osR)
tip radius of propeller
function defined in equation (1)
function defined in equation (3)
used for Pi(x) in tables and figures; refers to other
blades (TI^O)
used for Qi(x) in tables and figures; refers to blade
itself (n=0)

R
Pi (3)

p
Q

phase angle of nth. blade ( - )

-r^ )

V n J dx

dx

where the summation is over the number of blades 0 to

p1. The important function Pi (a;) is defined as
Jrno

d,2T

0 "V 4^2
A~2\2

Kf)KfJ

i
3
x
+x1 2xxl cosld+

where n=0, 1, 2, . . . p1, the number of the particular

blade. The problem is thus essentially solved by giving the
function Pi (a;) for each point along the radius.
It is convenient to make Pi (a;) finite by subtracting a
quantity that is independent of x. The function Pi(x) may
therefore be redefined as

"7%

(1)

2i

It is noticed that, in the integral Pi (x), the integrand changes

from + oo to t at x=Xi for 0=0. This difficulty, which
occurs only for n=0 (that is, for the blade itself), is overcome
in the following manner: The expression
2
.V^X2^ *,) +(r+l

)(0
d

2*

(2)

which is integrable and equal to

-v;

"5F"

Xq^logls-x,!

may be subtracted from Pi(x) to yield a finite and smooth

53

54

REPORT NO. 776

integrand

NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

tained by graphical differentiation of Q except for

Thus, by subtraction, a quantity

x=0 and 1, for which -r- is obtained analytically

<2i(*)=

^^2(xi+x122xx1 cos

Miy

0) + (OT)

(3) Table HI and figure 3:

x^ against x (0^x 1.00;

0.1564^3,^ 1.00; X=^' 1, and 2), obtained by

Vff4-^(-xO^(f+l)()2

multiplying values in table II by x

(4) Table IV: x^against x (0^x^ 1.00; Ogz,^ 1.00; X=-|,

V4^J?+(?+1)(w_
is obtained.

(3)

Finally, for the blade itself Cn=0),

Xi^ 1.00; X-=2' If

Pl(x)=Q1(x)+F

X2+xrx

Since the weight function is needed in the form x-j- > it js

written as

JP^JQtdF
dx

dx

It is to be noted that by far the largest contribution comes

from the logarithmic function F since it really represents the
entire field in the neighborhood of the point considered. In
developed form,
XXj

dx

X*

^/I+r- y(JT|

log|xxi|

(4)

NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF WEIGHT FUNCTIONS Q, F,

AND P

The weight functions Q, F, and P are shown in a series of

tables and figures. The first step of integrating against tl^e
angle 0 is omitted for simplicity.

The functions -** and -*

have been obtained by graphical differentiation of the Q

and P functions with actual calculation at the end points
x=0 and 1 for accuracy. It should be noted that these
functions and their derivatives are continuous and smooth.
The results are given in the following order:
(1) Table I and figure 1: Q against x (0^ z^ 1.00; 0.1564^
x^ 1.00; X=2> 1, and 2), obtained from equation (3)
(2) Table II and figure 2:

d 2), obtained from equation (1)

0.1564^3,^ 1.00; \=\> 1, and 2)

log |xXi|

The integral Qi(x) is convenient for graphical integration and

is, in fact, small in comparison with the function F.
No discontinuities arise in the P functions for the other
blades (n^O). The P functions are therefore used directly
in the calculation for the other blades. It should be note^l
that the functions P, Q, and F are all symmetrical in x and
Xi. The use of the subscript, which has been used to indicate reference to the point xi, is therefore discontinued. In
the following discussion, the functions Q and F refer to the
blade itself and P refers to the other blades.

dx

an

(5b) Figure 4: P(x)P(l) against x for r=60 (O^xgl.00:

where

dF

1, and 2), obtained from equation (4)

(5a) Table V: P against x for T=60 (0^X 1.00; 0.1664

^ against x (O^z^l.00;

0.1564gx,^1.00; X=^' 1 and 2), where ^ is ob-

(6a)
(6b)
(7a)
(7b)
(8a)
(8b)
(9a)
(9b)

Table VI: same as table V for T=120

Figure 5: same as figure 4 for T=120
Table VLT: same as table V for T=180
Figure 6: same as figure 4 for T=180
Table VTII: same as table V for r=240
Figure 7: same as figure 4 for T=240
Table IX: same as table V for T=300
Figure 8: same as figure 4 for r=300
dP
1
(10) Table X: g- against r for X=- (T=60, 120, 180,
240, and 300; x=0 and 1.00; 0.1564^,^1.00),
obtained analytically
(11) Table XI: same as table X for X=l
(12) Table XTI: same as table X for X=2
dP
1
(13) Table X1 and figure 9: x -r- against a: for X=K
(T=60, 120, 180, 240, and 300; 0.1564^ a:^ 1.00;
0.1564^a;i^ 1.00), obtained by multiplying values in
table X by a;
(14) Table XTV and figure 10: same as table XIII and
figure 9 for X=l
(15) Table XV and figure 11: same as table XIII and figure
9 for X=2
dP
(16) Table XVI and figure 12: ^2,X-T- against a: for three-

blade and six-blade propellers (T=120 and 240 for

three-blade propeller; T=60, 120, 180, 240, and
300 for six-blade propeller; 0.1564^2;^ 1.00;
O^xi^l.00; X=^2' 1>

an

^ 2); it may be noted that

these values for two-blade propellers are given by

dP
x- for r=180 in tables XIII to XV and in
dx
figures 9 to 11
APPLICATION OF METHOD

Steps to obtain the induced velocity expressed as "j

as follows:
2

are

(1) Plot the quantity x -r* against the circulation coefficient K and perform graphically the integration

THEORY OP PROPELLERS.

HMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

JTp

(2a) Plot similarly the functions x-j- against K and perform the integration
x-j-dK
/ dx
Since x-r- becomes infinite at x=Xi, it is necessary to exclude
gap from Xi-zbx to Xi-\-Kt& and to consider this gap
separately by use of a Taylor expansion.
(2b) The contribution from the gap Aa; becomes

h=-b\xxK"+{l-\c log f)^'] As

where
Aa;=2|ajarj

-xq-a^-co^
And K' and K" are the derivatives of K with respect to x.
I (3) Finally, there is a contribution from the other blades.
This contribution is obtained by plotting xj- against K for
the other blades.

Since the value T^,x-j can be taken

directly from the tables, this work contains only one step
with a single graphical integration

XdK
J
By addition of the results of steps (1) to (3), the total
interference velocity Vi in the axial direction is obtained.
The relationship between the axial interference velocity Vi at
the radius Xi to the axial displacement velocity w of the
vortex sheet may be seen from the sketch in figure 13. The
relation is
1=2^ cosz2^
<i
1

cr, conversely, the displacement velocity w of the vortex

sheet may be obtained from the calculated axial interference
velocity Vi by the relation
Vi

2W= COST<f>i
which gives the axial displacement velocity at the propeller
disk. For the case of the ideal loading this axial displacement velocity must come out as a constant, thus permitting
a check on the weight functions. Oases of nonideal loading
are evidently of more practical concern. It is the purpose
of this paper to give a method for calculation of the axial
interference and displacement velocity for any (light)
loading.
LANGLEY MEMORIAL AERONAUTICAL LABORATORY,
NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS,
LANGLEY FIELD, VA., September 19, 1944.

REFERENCE
Tbeodoreen, Theodore: The Theory of Propellers. IDetermination of the Circulation Function and the Mass Coefficient for
Dual-Rotating Propellers. NACA Rep. No. 77? 1944.

(a) x|- (b) x-i.

FIGUBE

(c) X-2.

LFunction Q against x.

55

56

REPORT NO. 776

NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

(a)X=

FIQDEK

(b) x-l.
2.Function dQ/dx against r.

THEORY OP PROPELLERS.

57

XLMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

~.Ut

<)

-)

1
^ = a 1564

-)

.3090

-.04
1

-.06
>

i>

>

.4540

-J08
dQ
da p
-.10

>-

i[>-

-1

1
>

-IB

>

>

.707/

<1

.8090

.89IO

1
1

-.14

*-

.9511
r*'- -3877
1.0000

-.16
(<=)

.2

.8

AO

(c) X-2.
2.Concluded.

FIQUBK

xx = I OOO

~i,

.9511

'/

.80'90

1
.5878
|
.4540

30

.30

//
//,
.25

// // //
/
/ //
/ /

.20
/

7/ 7/
//

.15 -

//
//
y
/,
// /

.10

.05

f/

//

//

.It 84
/

.15

/ / /
/< ^A
/
/
/
'/,
/<
'
/ /
/
/' ',
f /, /
y

/
.10

.5878

.41 40

.3C 90

.1564

.05

.809O

SS

// V/s

0)

(a)

.4

.6

.8

X-,
d

FIOUEE

/
7
/

AA
/ /
/< V.

dQ
da:

7y '/ V

k Vs

) .-.9511

.20

/
/ '/, '/* '/
/
//
/
)
//

' 1 V, //
/

'/ /
/
'/
/

.25

.3090

V,

//,

dQ
dx

xx*-1.0000

. .gainst x.
3.Function *:gr

1.0

.6

X
(b)X-l.
FIQOBE 8.Continued.

1.0

58

REPORT NO. 776NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

i

.15

*i=

.10
/?

s
y

/,
^

t.oooo
1
.951/

S09O

.5878

dx

.4540

1
.05

.3090

|
.1564
>>

(O
.4-

.6

.8

t-O

(o) X=2.
FIQOBB 3.Concluded;

zo
N s *i = o.it 64\

1.6

.3 090

\
\

IT

~^587B

\S' \

.8C790
.4
.95,

Y
^

/-'

^v
^

X
(a)

I.Ot 00

.8

/.O
(b) X=l.
(o) x=a.
4Continued.

FIODBE

(a) X-|.
F1G0BE4.PCI)-P{1) against r for T-60.

0 \

\\
.505

.15

*1 = /i 64

\
^\

\ ^.5878
\
IT
o.

k
<f{K

fek

\
\

i.oc 00

Y
"\
~~- ^ ^
^
^^

.05

<S

<?

.9
(a) X-^Concluded.
4.Continued.

FIQTOI

(a)

1.0
(o) XaOonoluded.
4.Concluded.

FIOUBE

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

59

IIMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

-J:-,

= 0./564

N\
.15 -3090>^. \.

S
\

ug^kX

r1

V in 809

.95U>^

Q,

/.oooo- ^^^\

.05 -

^ -v

X,

^^

"\

n
.i!

FIOUEE

(b) X=lConcluded.
Floras 6.Continued.

6P(i)-P(l) againstiforr=120.

ZO

.20

\
J5

K*1

= O.I 56*

1.6

H 75
.<5^

ft,

\
\

56 78^

s\

^
N

\ <^90^

^v

I.OL 00'

1?

x N

.95/ fe

.05 -

O.li '64-

\
\\

/2

.sos \ \

?*\

27, =

.309\

-\ \

^ JO

.4

^v
^\

SX
^

7^

.95/

.5

(a)

.4

.6

1.0

(a) XsConcluded.
FiauBE 6.Continued.

X
\^
"^^

1 OC oo-'

^^
^iS

*N

.6

(0 X~2.
FiGUBE 5.Continued.

ZO\

\
:

1.6

\\ -*i

O.l >64

Xl

90\

\\\

v^ 78

ft, .0

\J \

4^^
5

.4

(b)

/.O

.9

<

.ss/^* ^ ^

/N:

I.OL OCf'

^^
^

^
(b)

.4-

.6
(b) X-l.
6.Continued.

FIQUBE

/.O
(c) X-2Concluded.
6.Concluded.

FIOUBE

^.
I.O

(c)

60

REPORT NO. 776

NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

20K

LU

\
O.li 64

\-*i =

1.6

\
\

/.

N
.30i
1.2

878
Ji090

.4 _^

\\ \
\ \

\^
\,

.6

ai564

*1 =

<
oT-<9

IT

V
v

\ \
^ ^x

' -^57*.

"^^

~~-

.4

fM

90\

^5/^=

/. oooo-'

(a)

.4

.6

.8

/.tf

(c)

.6

.2

x
FIQUBE

(o) X-2.
6.Oontlnned.

(a) ^|.
6.P(r)-P(l) against i for T-1S0.

FIODHI

-?l?

.20

\\
.15 . \

^ = fl/ 564

\
.15

\ \

-\

.50 90' y\
-v. ^3878

^ >0
R,

\
^

\
^

1.01 wo^

O.li '64

N
;\

^878

JO

\V

090~^

X\
X

-<^ /7s-
-

-*! =

.JOS (7-S

^rSO. WS

IT

.05

"^
.05

^
'*-- '

^\
\

^r
oo-'

N.
X

1.0 c

^ 5^S
(a)

(a) X^Concluded.
6.Continued.

(e) X=2Concluded.
6.Concluded.

FIGURE

-64

\
\

1.6

\
^>o<
757.2

IT
X -8

(O

C~U

1.0

FIQTOE

cu

^
<$ ^
^^ ^
^"-. ^
^

.8

1.0

/.

.8

/.<?

*1 =

O./i 64

\
\

'\
\ \
\ \

^s 78^

.30$

\ \
X^
\

\
^

zzgc
.951 p^

.6

AOS,C\

.8

(b) X-l.
6.Continued.

FIQUBE

.4
.9511.

w
.4

58 78

1. uuuu

.2

c/2

/.O

=1

(a)

I.OOOO'

.4

1.0

FIQUBE

(a) \-\.
7PCi)--P(l) against r for T~M0.

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

.so \

2.4
*ic

.It 64<
V

.15

0.3c 90

ZO

\
^8

'#N

\
\
\
\V

*i = O.I 564

1.6

$V
\
"X ^s *v

12

sV

"-<; 511

_____

rv

10C 9tf\

.05 -

61

XLMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

I.OC <olP~

^:3090

.8

^\

^
^s.

.8

\
\\

(a)
.4

1.0

^5878

X
(a) X=ijConcluded.
FIOUBE 7.Continued.

s"

-4

s.

S09O-.

^s

35/h-^

wopo
(a)
.2

.4

.6

.8

(a) \-\.
FIQUBI

8.P(i)-P(l) against * for r=300.

(b) X-L
7.Continued.

FIQDBE

ZO\

\
!

O.li 64

\> *i
\
\
P/2 X ^os s
/?

[\

\\

ST .a

4_537<9
Oi '0

V
^^

.95 'A'

(c)

I.OC 7"

.4

.6

(o) X-2.
FIODBE 7.Concluded.

84311000

.8

/.o
(a) X_jConcluded.
Floras 8.Continued.

1.0

62

REPORT NO. 7 76NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

PA

20

^K ^i" O.li 64\

_y.2

}30

90 \

\
\

\\

s
V

.55 7..

(a) r=60.

.80 90.
FIOUBE

9.Function xj- against* forX-i.

^35
V.OC 00

0>)
.4

.6

-8

1.0

(b) X-l.
FIOOBE 8.Continued.

Z4

2J0

rY

*i-

.6

o.ii 64

(b) T-120".
9.Oontlnaed.

FIQUBE

\
\
r.3C 90
1.2

s \\

\
\

.8

.53

ft

3C 90.

'1951^
O

\.oopo
yf

(c)
.4

.6*

.8

f.0

x
(0) X=2.
FIQOBB

8.Concluded.

(o) T~180.
9.Continued.

FMTOE

.<9

/.O

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

IIMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

63

/.Or

.4

.6

.8

(b) r=l20.
10.Continued.

FIQUKB

-xdP
dx

.4

.8

. .8

(d) r210.
(e) r=300.
FIQOBE ^Concluded.

.6

.8
X

I.u
/

,8

dP

dx

/
/

.4

/
p

A
i*

.2

FIGURE

.1564

0-<

.8030
,3511

AV
/ A 'S
^
/

.4

^
/ y

uSrJ n
/

A <y

xx 0.3030

/
/?

*= >.

(c) T=180.
10.Continued.

FIGURE

\
.53,78

/.OL <oo
-X

s'

(a)

.8

(a) T-60.
dp
10Function rgj against x for X-L

I.O
(d) T-240".
10.Continued.

FIGURE

1.0

64

REPORT NO. 776NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAITTICS

1.2

^ ~
/

.8

/
'

dx
.4

,1

/
/

"^v

/
/

' .5878

1
1.8090

/
f

/
/

8r

1 1

= 0.309O-

\ sau

[I.OOOO

/
/

(e)

.6

.2

.8

1.0

x
(e) T-300".
10.Concluded.

FIOTOB

(o)

T-180.
(d) T-M0.
FIGUBE 11.Continued.

1.2

x^ - 0.3090
(a)
FIODBE

T-60.

/.0

11.Function r-g agalnrt r for X2

.1564

.8

73

.6
.8090

-E
dec

^X .9311

.4
^r^

.2

' 1.0000

7^

7/

.2

.6

X
(b) T-120".
FIOUBB IXContinued.

.8

I.O

~2.

(e)
Z

.4

.6

cc

(e) T-300".
FIQUBK 1LConcluded.

.8

1.0

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

.6

FIGURE

65

HMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

.8

.6

(a) Three-blade propeller; X=iy.

^-\ dP
12.Values of 7 ,-ir against x for three-blade and six-blade propellers.

.8

(d) Six-blade propeller; X=4.

FIQTOE 12. Continued.

2>r

*1

/
t

5:1
"oh*

/
t

H
1

w 2

/ /
/
/

.5378

/
/

/
/

/
/
/
/

/
^

H
^
^

.809O
!
.9511
1.0000

^
/ / ,/
-<: ^
2-"
^
^^
.6

lA

= 0./564|
.3090

(e)
.8

(b) Three-blade propeller; XL

FIGURE 12.Contlnned.

(e) Six-blade propeller; X1.

FIQUBE 12.Continued.

(c) Three-blade propeller; X=2.

FIOUEE 12.Continued

(0 Six-blade propeller; X-2.

FIQUBE 12.Concluded.

I.O

66

BEPORT NO. 776NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

t axial displacement velocity (vy-w at propeller)

to actual axial Interference velocity Cjw qosVi at propeller)
pi helix ancle at radios x
FIOTBE 13.Velocity diagram.

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

ECMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

TABLE I.FUNCTION Q AGAINST x

\^ X
Xl \

0.1664

0.3090

0.4640

0.7071

0.5878

0.9877

0.8090

0.8910

0.06061
.01679
-.02257
-.06191
-.09533
-.13420
-.14934
-.16703
-.17761
-.18246

0.04820
-.00264
-.04633
-.08628
-.12238
-.14934
-.16900
-.18837
-.20003
-.20196

0.03S37
-.01646
-.06370
-.10316
-.14059
-.16703
-.18837
-.20762
-.21634
-.22098

a 03429
-.02407
-.07356
-.11316
-.16029
-.17781
-.20063
-.31634
-.22633
-.23283

a 03252
-.02729
.07720
-.11756
-.15430
-.18346
-.20496
-.22098
-.23283
-.23724

0.02318
-.01301
-.04733
-.07660
-.10030
-.12049
-.13768
-.15259
-.16012
-.16140

a 01727
-.02336
-.06966
-.09063
-.11704
-.13758
-.16628
-.16920
-.17850
-.18026

a 01236
-.03059
-.06941
-.10236
-.13087
-.15259
-.16920
-. 18140
-.19344
-.19590

a 01021
-.03352
-.07376
-.10847
-13S81
-.16012
-.17850
-.19344
-.20407
-.20496

a 01111
-.03425
-.07401
-.10903
-.13974
-.16143
-.18028
-.19590
-.20496
-.20488

0.9511

1.00

W
0.1664
.3090

:g

.7071
.8090
.8910
.8611
.9877
1.00

a 11828
.11828
.11828
.11828
.11828
.11826
.11828
.11828
.11828
.11828

0.13420
.11817
.10898
.09334
.07351
.08061
.04820
.03937
.03429
.03262

0.11817
.10580
.08696
.06269
.03851
.01879
-.00284
-.01646
-.02407
-.02729

0,10898
.08698
.06101
.02926
.00072
-.02267
-.04633
-.06370
.07365
-.07720

a 09334
.06269
.02928
-.00169
-.03644
-.06191
-.08628
-.10315
-. 11315
-.11766

0.07361
.03861
-.00072
-.03644
-.07081
-.09533
-.12238
-.14059
-.16029
-.16430
\

0.1664
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
1.00

0.06390
.06390
.06390
.06390
.06390
.06390
.06390
.06390
.08390
.06390

0.05804
.04915
.04323
.03636
.02964
.02318
.01727
.01238
.01021
.01111

0.04915
.03428
.02244
.01054
-.00262
-.01301
-.02338
-.03069
-.03362
-.03425

0.04323
.02244
.00444
-.01419
-.03213
-.04733
-.05966
-.06941
-.07376
-.07401

a 02954
-.00262
-.03213
-.05761
-.08156
-.10030
-.11704
-.13087
-.13861
-.13974

0.03635
.01054
-.01419
-.03715
-.05761
-.07660
-.09053
-.10235
-.10847
-.10903

X=2
a 1684
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
1.00

0.02794
.02794
.02794
.02794
.02794
.03794
.02794
.02794
.02794
.02794

0.02524
.02008
.01748
.01426
.01102
.00792
.00521
.00301
.00306
.00310

0.02008
.01370
.00697
-.00084
-.00624
-.01128
-.01606
-.01970
-.02072
-.02064

a 01748
.00697
-.00182
-.01432
-.02246
-.02941
-.03612
-.04060
-.04210
-.04251

0.01426
-.00084
-.01432
-.02786
-.03786
-.04636
-.06329
-.05897
-.06081
-.06146

0.01102
-.00824
-.02346
-.03786
-.05036
-.05964
-.06816
-.07407
.07713
-.07820

0.00792
-.01128
-.02941
-.04536
-.05964
-.07314
-.08346
-.08781
-.09040
-.09199

0.00521
-.01606
-.03612
-.05329
-.06815
-.08346
-.09277
-.10019
-.10284
-.10437

a 00301
-.01970
-.04060
-.05897
-.07407
-.08781
-.10019
-.10970
-.11211
-.11318

0.00305
-.02072
-.04210
-.06081
-.07713
-.09040
-.10284
-.112U
-.11682
-.11708

0.8

0.9

0. 00310
-.02064
-.04251
-.06146
-.07820
-.09199
-.10437
-.11318
-.11708
-.11779

TABLE H.FUNCTION dQ AGAINST x

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.6

0.7

1.0

*\

*-4
0.1564
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
1.00

0.06000
.00260
-.06293
-.16149
-.28838
-.42088
-.63883
-.63559
-.69631
-.71769

0.0176
-.0320
-.0976
-.1826
-.2848
-.3255
-.4000
-.4620
-.6100
-.6340

-0.0150
-.0672
-.1300
-.2000
-.2550
-.2880
-.3352
-.3744
-.4040
-.4144

-a 0470
-.1025
-.1648
-.2160
-.2648
-.2740
-.3140
-.3375
-.3525
-.3590

-0.0800
-.1396
-.1928
-.2300
-.2576
-.2700
-.3024
-.3160
-.3284
-.3320

-0.1100
-. 1748
-.2168
-.2426
-.2686
-.2760
-.2970
-.3050
-.3160
-.3190

-O.J340
-.1984
-.2340
-.2666
-.2762
-.2840
-.2962
-.3020
-.3100
-.3160

-0.1470
-.2120
-.2448
-.2655
-.2840
-.2916
-.2978
-.3060
-.3136
.3160

-a 1620
-.2184
-.2544
-.2720
-28S0
-.2962
-.3020
-.3100
-.3166
-.3220

-0.1668
.2220
-.2578
-.2760
-.2875
-.2950
-3068-.3160
-.3248
-.3290

-0.15974
-.22254
-.25584
-.26922
-.27642
-.28349
-.31310
-.32400
-.33100
-.3360

-0.0560
-.0980
-.1400
-.1685
-.1950
-.2108
-.2280
-.3416
-.2480
-.2605

-a 0676
-. 1014
-.1426
-.1712
-.1940
-.2090
-.2225
-.2350
-.2420
-.2438

a 0600
-.1060
-.1466
-.1740
-.1936
-.2080
-.2200
-.2338
-.2390
-.2410

-a 0630
-.1090
-.1500
-.1770
-.1936
-.2100
.2225
-.2370
-.2420
-.2436

-a 06727
-.11586
-.15343
-.17918
-.19592
-.21471
-.22800
-.24250
-.24700
-.24850

-0.0284
-.0500
-.0730
-.0936
-.1078
-.1188
-.1300
-.1430
-.1456
-.1460

-a 0280
-.0498
.0730
-.0931
-.1078
-.1178
-.1281
-.1410
-.1434
-.1440

-0.0278
-.0491
-.0725
-.0930
-.1078
-.1170
-.1370
-.1396
-.1420
-.1428

-a 0270
-.0482
-.0715
-.0929
-.1078
-.1167
-.1268
-.1390
-.1416
-.1420

-a 02641
-.04712
-.07058
-.09270
-.10800
-.11700
-.12705
-.14034
-.14240
-.14320

X=l
a 1664
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
1.00

-a 04690
-.08960
-.14818
-.19684
-.26298
-.30138
-.34255
-.37091
-.39041
-.39689

-a 0476
-.0900
-.1390
-.1800
-.2266
-.2820
-.2956
-.3187
-.3298
-.3322

-a 0480
-.0902
-.1360
-.1720
-.2120
-.2396
-.2712
-.2920
-.3010
-.3025

-a 0500
-.0920
-.1360
-.1680
-.2030
-.2270
-.2660
-.2748
-.2822
-.2837

-0. 0620
-.0930
-.1370
.1670
-.1980
-.2196
-.2460
-.2820
-.2880
-.2700

-0.0530
-.0055
-.1376
-.1676
-.1960
-.2140
-.2380
-.2608
-.2576
-.2800
>2

a 1664
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
LOO

-a 02960
-.04867
-.07063
-.09199
-.11265
-.13166
-.14748
-.16874
-.16654
-.16757

-a 0296
-.0492
-.0712
-.0929
-. 1114
-.1291
-.1460
-.1660
-.1600
-. 1616

-0.0294
-.0499
-.0720
-.0937
-.1100
-.1289
-.1420
-.1534
-.1561
-.1671

-a 0291
-.0500
-.0725
-.0940
-.1090
-.1243
-.1387
-.1608
-.1530
-.1538

-a 0290
-.0600
.0730
-.0940
-.1084
-.1220
-.1358
-.1480
-.1601
-.1610

-a 0288
-.0600
-.0730
-.0939
-.1080
-.1200
-.1327
-.1464
-.1478
-.1486

67

68

REPORT NO. 776NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

TABLE H.FUNCTION ^ AGAINST xCONCLUDED
dx
0.1564

0
II

O3090

0.4640

0.5878

0.7071

0.8090

0.8910

0.S611

0.9877

1.00

-a 1540
-.2200
-.2651
-.2740
-.2830
-.2965
-.3025
-.3100
-.3185
-.3230

-01565
-.2220
-.2580
-.2760
-.2890
-.2966
-.3060
-.3165
-.3240
-.3280

-01695
-.2240
-.2676
-.2735
-.2846
-.2916
-.3110
-.3200
-.3280
-.3325

-01600
-.2235
-.2566
-.2700
-.2780
-.2860
-.3115
-.3236
-.3301
-.3360

-0.16974
-? 22264
-.26584
-.26922
-.27642
-.28349
-.31319
-.32400
-.33100
-.33600

-0.0600
-.1051
-.1468
-.1742
-.1936
-.2080
-.2200
-.2336
-.2390
-.2410

-0.0625
-.1085
-.1498
-.1765
-.1936
-.2098
-.2223
-.2365
-.2412
-.2428

-0.0660
-.1123
-.1622
-.1776
-.1949
-.2120
-.2260
-.2400
-.2446
-.2466

-0.0669
-.1149
-.1630
-.1790
-.1952
-.2132
-.2275
-.2420
-.2456
-.2480

-0.06727
-.11680
-.16343
-.17918
-.19692
-.21471
-.22800
-.24260
-.24700
-.24860

-0.0273
-.0490
-.0723
-.0930
-.1078
-.1169
-.1269
-.1396
-.1420
-.1428

-a 0270
-.0483
-.0718
-.0929
-.1078
-.1167
-.1266
-.1390
-.1416
-.1420

-a 0267
-.0478
-.0711
-.0928
-.1080
-.1168
-.1268
-.1393
-.1419
-.1424

-0 0264
-.0472
-.0708
-.0927
-.1080
-. 1170
-.1270
-.1400
-.1422
-.1429

-0 02841
-.04712
-.07058
-.09270
-.10800
-.11700
-.12705
-.14034
-.14240
-.14320

1
2
0.1564
.3090
.(540
.878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9311
.9877
LOO

0.05000
.00260
-.06293
-.16149
-.28838
-.42088
-.63863
-.63659
-.69631
-.71759

-a 0010
-.0620
.1165
-.1930
-.2580
-.3010
-.3575
-.4040
-.4420
-.4635

-a 0501
-.1060
-.1666
-.2170
-.2540
-.2735
-.3120
-.3350
-.3496
-.3660

-a 0970
-.1698
-.2065
-.2370
-.2630
-.2730
-.2990
-.3085
-.3190
-.3340

-01315
-.1960
-.2330
.2545
-.2750
-.2830
-.2950
-.3020
-.3100
-.3150

-a 1476
-.2130
-.2470
-.2666
-.2840
-.2925
-.2980
-.3060
-.3135
-.3175

X= 1
0.1564
.3090
.4540
.5878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
1.00

-0.04690
-.08960
-.14818
-.19684
-.25298
-.30136
-.34255
-.37091
-.39041
-.39689

-a 0477
-.0900
-.1368
-.1748
.2170
-.2475
-.2805
-.3020
-.3123
-.3136

-0.0605
.0922
.1351
-.1678
-.2027
-.2265
-.2660
-.2732
-.2810
-.2822

-0.0526
-.0947
-.1373
-.1670
-.1972
-.2168
-.2395
-.2560
-.2625
-.2645

-0.0550
-.0978
-.1398
-.1683
-.1950
-.2110
-.2285
-.2423
-.2495
-.2518

-0.0575
-.1020
-.1430
-.1718
-.1940
-.2088
.2225
-.2346
-.2418
-.2436

X=2
a 1664
.3090
.40
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
LOO

-a 02960
-.04857
-.07063
-.09199
-.11266
-.13165
-.14748
-.16874
-.16564
-.16767

-a 0295
-.0497
-.0718
-.0933
-.1108
-.1279
-.1432
-.1546
-.1678
-.1689

-a 0291
-.0500
-.0726
-.0940
-.1090
.1241
-.1384
-.1606
-.1628
-.1534

-a 0290
-.0500
-.0730
-.0940
-.1081
-.1210
-.1340
-.1467
-.1490
-.1497

-a 0285
-.0500
-.0730
-.0937
-.1078
-.1189
-.1304
.1432
-.1459
-.1463

-0.0280
-.0498
-.0730
-.0931
-.1078
-.1177
-.1280
-.1409
-.1433
-.1439

TABLE III.FUNCTION -x? AGAINST x

ax
0
Xl \

ai

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

1
~2"
a 1564
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
LOO

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

-a 00176
.00320
.00975
.01825
.02648
.03255
.04000
.
.04620
.05100
.05240

0.00300
.01344
.02600
.04000
.06100
.05760
.06704
.07488
.08080
.08288

a 01410
.03076
.04944
.06460
.07644
.08220
.09420
.10126
.10676
.10770

0.03200
.05584
.07712
.09200
.10304
.10800
.12096
.12640
.13056
.13280

a 06500
.08740
.10840
.12125
.13326
.13760
.14850
.16250
.15750
.15950

0. 08040
.11904
.14040
.16192
.16512
.17040
.17712
.18120
.18600
.18900

0. 10290
.14840
.17138
.18566
.19880
.20405
.20846
.21420
.21945
.22120

0. 12160
.17472
.20362
.21760
.23040
.23616
.24160
.24800
.26320
.25760

a 14112
.19980
.23202
.24750
.25876
.26650
.27612
.28440
.29232
.29610

0.16974
.22254
.26584
.26922
.27642
.28349
.31319
.32400
.33100
.33600

a 1664
.3090
.4640
.5878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
LOO

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0. 00476
.00900
.01390
.01800
.02265
.02620
.02955
.03187
.03298
.03322

0.00960
.01804
.02720
.03440
.04240
.04792
.05424
.05840
.06020
.06050

a 01500
.02760
.04050
.05040
.06090
.06310
.07680
.08244
.08466
.08511

a 02080
.03720
.05480
.06680
.07920
.08784
.09800
.10480
.10720
.10800

0.02650
.04776
.06875
.08375
.09800
.10700
.11900
.12540
.12875
.13000

a 03300
.05880
.08400
.10110
.11700
.12648
.13680
.14496
.14880
.16030

a 04025
.07098
.09982
.11984
.13580
.14630
.16576
.16450
.16940
.17066

a 04800
.08400
.11720
.13920
.16488
.16640
.17600
.18688
.19120
.19280

0.05670
.09810
.13600
.16930
.17424
.18900
.20026
.21330
.21780
.21916

0.06727
.11686
.16343
.17918
.19592
.21471
.22800
.24250
.24700
.24860

a 1564
.3090
.4640
.5878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
LOO

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.00295
.00492
.00712
.00929
.01114
.01291
.01450
.01660
.01600
.01616

a 00588
.00998
.01440
.01874
.02200
.02538
.02840
.03068
.03122
.03142

0.00873
.01600
.02175
.02820
.03270
.03729
.04161
.04624
.04590
.04614

0. 01160
.02000
.02920
.03760
.04336
.04880
.05424
.05920
.06004
.06040

0.01440
.02500
.03650
.04696
.06400
.06000
.06636
.07270
.07390
.07430

a 01704
.03000
.04380
.05616
.06468
.07128
.07800
.08580
.08736
.08760

a 01960
.03486
.06110
.06617
.07646
.08246
.08967
.09870
.10038
.10080

0.02208
.03928
.05800
.07440
.08624
.09360
.10160
.11168
.11360
.11424

0.02430
.04338
.06436
.08361
.09702
.10503
.11394
.12510
.12744
.12780

a 02841
.04712
.07058
.09270
.10800
.11700
.12705
.14034
.14240
.14320

THEORY OP PROPELLERS.

ECMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

TABLE in.FUNCTION -x$ AGAINST *CONCLUDED

dx

Xl

\ X
\

a 1664

0.3090

0.4640

0.7071

0.5878

0.8090

a 8910

19611

0.9877

L00

a 12469
.17798
.20638
.22167
.23299
.23987
.24472
.26079
.26767
.26131

a 13944
.19780
.22988
.24602
.25760
.26329
.27265
.28111
.28868
.29226

a 16170
.21306
.24491
.26013
.27059
.27725
.29679
.30436
.31198
.31624

a 15803
.22075
.25336
.26668
.27458
.28248
.30767
.31952
.32604
.33PS8

a 15974
.22264
.25584
.26922
.27642
.28349
.31319
.32400
.33100
.33600

a 04864
.08603
.11878
.14093
.16662
.16827
.17798
.18898
.19336
.19497

a 05669
.09687
.13347
.16726
.17250
.18693
.18807
.21072
.21491
.21633

a 06182
.10681
.14476
.16892
.18537
.20163
.21400
.22326
.23264
.23446

a 06608
.11349
.16112
.17680
.19230
.21058
.22470
.23902
.24347
.24496

0.06727
.11688
.16343
.17918
.19692
.21471
.22800
.24250
.24700
.24860

0.02209
.03964
.05849
.07624
.08721
.09467
.10266
.11294
.11488
.11663

a 02406
.04304
.08397
.08277
.09605
.10398
.11280
.12385
.12617
.12662

0.02539
.04546
.06762
.03826
.10272
.11109
.12080
.13249
.13496
.13644

a 02608
.04682
.06993
.09166
.10667
.11656
.12644
.13328
.14046
. 14114

0.02841
.04712
.07058
.09270
.10300
.11700
.12705
.14034
.14240
.14320

X-*
aiGM
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
1.00

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

a 00016
.00813
.01823
.03019
.04036
.04708
.06691
.06319
.06913
.07093

0.04404
.07266
.09375
.10760
.11940
.12394
.13575
.14006
.14483
.14710.

a 01648
.03275
.05146
.06706
.07849
.08461
.09641
.10361
.10800
.11000

0.07730
.11521
.13898
.14960
.16184
.16636
.17340
.17752
.18222
.18616

a 10430
.16061
.17486
.18844
.20082
.20683
.21072
.21637
.22168
.22450
1

a 1664
.3090
.40
.5878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
1.00

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

a 00748
.01408
.02140
.02734
.03394
.03871
.04387
.04723
.04884
.04903

a 01660
.02849
.04176
.06185
.06263
.06999
.07880
.08442
.08633
.08720

a 02388
.04299
.06233
.07682
.08963
.09843
.10873
.11622
.11917
.12008

a 03233
.06749
.08217
.09893
.11462
.12403
.13431
.14242
.14668
.14801

a 04066
.07212
.10112
.12148
.13718
.14764
.16733
.18681
.17098
.17225
o

a 1664
.30
4540
6878
7071
8090
8910
9511
8877
LOO

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

a 00461
.00777
.01123
.01459
.01733
.02000
.02240
.02418
.02468
.DM86

0.00899
.01646 .
.02243
.02905
.03368
.03836
.04277
.04660
.04722
.04740

a 01317
.02270
.03314
.04288
.04908
.06493
.06084
.06660
.06766
.06798

a 01875
.02939
.04291
.05608
.06338
.06989
.07666
.08417
.08676
.08600

a 01980
.03621
.05162
.06683
.07823
.08323
.09051
.09963
.10133
. 10175

TABLE IV.FUNCTION

\ I
Xl \

0
.1664
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9511
.9877
LOO

dx

AGAINST x

0.1684

0.3090

0.4540

0.6878

0.7071

(L8090

O8910

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

-1.00
00
.78883
.34649
.21336
.16030
.13636
.12638
.12189
.12017
.11974

-LOO
-L 99303
00
L42781
.63897
.41011
.31447
.26841
.24512
.23403
.23074

-LOO
-1.48458
2.78366
co
L99871
.93133
.61779
.43398
.41901
.38679
.37922

-LOO
-L 26170
-L 80906
-3.41646

-LOO
-L19621
-L 45440
-2.10410
4.03919
a>
3.38864
L72629
1.24095
1.05365
L 00201

-LOO
-L 06865
-L 26666
-L 64634
-2.43710
-4.81641
oo
4.63529
2.46466
1.88938
1.76072

-LOO
-L 01614
L16397
-L 41821
-L 89999
-2.90544
-6.98609
6.65772
3.90697
3.42125

1L31496
8.32837

-LOO

-LOO
-2.02000

-1.00
-1.61292
-3.04334

-1.00
-1.33779
-2.02983
4.09131

-LOO
-1.24658
-1.68390
-2.72121
-5.60622

3.87876
1.93748
1.40438
L15039
1.03626
L 00149

-1.00
-L19064
-1.60919
-2.06744
-3.21099
-6.66344

6.20307
2.76632
2.02162
1.73314
L66306

-1.00
-1.16399
-1.40738
-1.82101
-2.64678
4.06123
-a 68348

1.00
-1.13062
-L 34642
-L 68706
-2.24206
-3.23336
-6.36062
-12.11761

0
.1664
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.3090
.8910
.9611
.8877
1.00

dF
3>

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

00

.96863
.46900
.31308
.24131
.20322
.18179
.16974
.16360
.16171

CO

1.88440
.92928
.82836
.49077
.41840
.37883
.35385
.36272

CD

2.82641
L41641
.97474
.77603
.67618
.62606
.61123

<o

2.61274
L26965
.87241
.70492
.63067
.60914

CO

CD

7.12166
3.96099
3.09010
2.87394

<o

CO

10.43287
6.32119
6.66464

0.9611

-LOO
-.98167
-1.08639
-L 29281
-L 64972
-2.29684
-3.67916
-8.07131

OO

18.08469
13.39780

0.9377

1.00

-LOO
-.96137
-L 04803
-L 22783
-L630SO
-2.04745
-3.01834
-6.23205
-12.97115
oo
35.30113

-LOO
-.95540
-L 03613
L20769
-L 49506
-L 97676
-2.86106
-4.69950
-0.87439
-37.32707

-1.00
-1.11731
.- -1.31349
-1.61849
-2.09846
-2.90145
4.40689
-7.84804
-19.95323

-1.00
-1.11302
-1.30302
-L 69724
-2.05646
-2.80771
4.1678S
-7.06128
-16.16694
-68.44076

CO

68.18133

\>=9
-LOO

.1664
.3090
.4540
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.8877
LOO

843110

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

OO

L00781
.51046
.34911
.27224
.22951
.20419
.18920
.18124
.17874

CO

-LOO
-L62288 '
-3.10970

2.06247
L05686
.73259
.57977
.49669
.44984
42601
.41808

3.22439
L 67673
1,18224
.96382
.33532
.77664
.76376

-LOO
-2.02393

CO

-LOO
-L 35649
-2.08916
4.31441
00

4.69422
2.43642
L 75803
L 46736
L31929
L27851

-LOO
-L 27463
-L 75281
-2.73708
-5.73646
OD

6.36690
3.46678
2.68738
2.23798
2.14041

-LOO
-L 22695
-L 68947
-2.22262
-3.63336
-7.65951
CD

8.90569
6.06961
4.00223
3.73693

-LOO
-L 19742
-L 49766
-L 97926
-2.82827
4.81041
-10.17771
OD

13.24395
8.15130
7.20978

-LOO
-L17919
-1.44428
-1.86006
-2.61033
-3.70046
-6.27367
-14.59886
OD

23.10187
17.22166

-LOO
L16922
-L 41600
-L 78491
-2.36233
-3.33496
-5.17695
-9.43808
-24.66797
CO

7L 62164

-LOO
-L16602
-L 40710
-L 78488
-2.31828
-3.23228
4.90194
-8.47927
18.64169
-73.19713
CO

69

70

REPORT NO. 776

NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

TABLE V.FUNCTION P AGAINST x FOR T=60

TABLE VII.FUNCTION P AGAINST x FOR T-180

\
1

"\*

a 1664

0.3090

0.5878

0.8080

a 9511

LOO

\ X
Xl \

a 1664

X-

*-*
a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611

LOO

2.2478
1.6673
.9269
.6084
.4482
.3988

L9613
1.49S0
.8830
.5696
.4113
.3600

1.4980
1.2413
.7646
.4963
.3680
.3046

0.8830
.7646
.6146
.3280
.2230
.1866

a 3000

0.6696
.4963
.3230
.1946
.1146
.0826

a 4113
.3580
.2230
.1146
.0446
.0213

0.3800
.3046
.1886
.0826
.0213

a 1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9511
1.00

2.1518
1.4713
.8299
.6124
.3622
.3026

1.6686
1.1686
.7106
.4653
.3220
.2786

LOO

2.2463
1.6655
.9228
.6039
.4425
.3924

2.0200
1.6000
.8834
.6700
.4200
.3734

1.6000
1.3134
.8267
.6300
.3800
.3300

LOO

2.1727
L4928
.8488
.6295
.3878
.3177

2.2333
L5200
.8667
.5333
.3667
.3133

0.8834
.8267
.6069
.3900
.2567
.2134

1.6200
1.2667
.7700
.4900
.3387
.2867

aiTOO
.5300
.3900
.2400
.1367
.1000

0.4200
.3S00
.2567
.1367
.0507
.0267

0.3734
.3300
.2134
.1000
.0267

\^ X

a 1564

0.8667
.7700
.6367
.3667
.2600
.2067

0.3090

a 6333
.4900
.3667
.2433
.1467
.1067

0.3867
.3367
.2500
.1467
.0600
.0267

a 3133
.2867
.2087
.1067
.0267

0.6878

0.8080

0.1664
.3090
.6378
.8090
.9511
1.00

2.3063
1.6255
.9828
.6639
.6025
.4624

a 1564
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
1.00

2.2826
1.6020
.9006
.6431
.4829
.4333

1.66S3
1.2393
.8000
.6377
.3960
.3647

0.1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9611
1.00

2.4060
1.7251
L0821
.7628
.6011
.5611

1.6867
1.2667
.8100
.5600
.4100
.3634

1.7433
1.3000
.8400
.6933
.4633
.4200

a 3547
.2813
.1640
. Ulii
.0167

0.1564
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611

LOO

L8786
L1980
.6666
.2391
.0789
.0293

a 1564

1.2667
.9934
.6634
.4534
.3300
.2934

0.8000
.6460
.4280
.2777
.1893
.1640

0.5377
.4380
.2777
.1693
.0977
.0777

0.3960
.3160
.1883
.0977
.0360
.0167

1.3000
.9933
.6633
.4800
.3466
.3066

a 3090

1.4720
1.1163
.6693
.2800
.1220
.0680

LOO

2.4163
1.7365
L0928
.7739
.6125
.6624

L8234
L3934
.9067
.6500
.5100
.4600

L3900
L1100
.7667
.6300
.4134
.3634

LOO

2.4794
L7985
L1565
.8362
.6746
.6244

LS934
L5133
1.0267
.7267
.6600
.6067

L51S3
L2800
.8800
.6067
.4534
.4000

0.2786
.2320
.1386
.0680
.0220

a 8100
.6534
.4367
.2934
.2034
.1767

0.6600
.4634
.2934
.1834
.1100
.0834

0.4100
.3300
.2034
.1100
.0433
.0200

0.3634
.2934
.1767
.0834
.0200

0.8400
.6633
.4200
.2733
.1966
.1633

a 6933
.4600
.2733
.1600
.1000
.0733

a 4633
.3466
.1966
.1000
.0400
.0200

0.4200
.3000
.1633
.0733
.0200

0.8090

a 9611

1.00

a 6693
.6460
.4086
.2413
.1220
.0773

0.2800
.2863
.2413
.1673
.0787
.0463

0.1220
.1287
.1220
.0787
.0320
.0120

0.0080
.0720
.0773
.0463
.0120

0.6767
.5833
.4087
.2667
.1633
.1267

0.3967
.3600
.2667
.1667
.0000
.0633

0.2400
.2234
.1633
.0900
.0433
.0200

0.1833
.1767
.1267
.0633
.0200

a 8167
.7300
.6200
.3433
.2200
.1800

0.6300
.4767
.3433
.2167
.1267
.0933

a 3700
.3300
.2200
.1267
.0667
.0267

0.3107
.2787
.1800
.0933
.0267

X=l
0.9067
.7567
.4967
.3434
.2634
.2067

0.6500
.5300
.3434
.2067
.1300
.0834

a 5100
.4134
.2534
.1300
.0634
.0300

a 4600
.3634
.2067
.0934
.0300

0.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
1.00

2.0296
L3482
.7071
.3872
.2258
.1767

L5667
1.1833
.6767
.3967
.2400
.1833

1.1833
.9633
.6833
.3600
.2234
.1767

X.=2

X-2
a 1564
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611

0.3220
.2763
.1730
.0980
.0470
.0220

1.1163
.8320
.6463
.2863
.1287
.0720

X--1
0.1564
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9611

0.4663
.3920
.2673
.1600
.0986
.0680

0.6878

X=

1.2383
.9860
.6460
.4360
.3160
.2813

a 7106
.6973
.3986
.2673
.1736
.1386

TABLE VIII.FUNCTION P AGAINST x FOR r=240

-X

LOO

0.9511

\
X-

LOO

X=2

TABLE VI.FUNCTION P AGAINST x FOR T=120

II

0.9611

X=l

X.=2
a 1664
.3090
.6S78
.8090
.9311

0.8090

L16S6
.9320
.6973
.3920
.2763
.2320

X.=1
a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611

0.6878

L0267
.8800
.6000
.3834
.2667
.2200

0.7267
.6067
.3934
.2334
.1334
.1000

aseoo
.4634
.2667
.1334
.0534
.0267

0.6067
.4000
.2200
.1000
.0267

Q.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.8511
1.00

2.1927
L5118
.8688
.6495
.3878
.3377

1.7033
1.3033
.8167
.6300
.3700
.3167

1.3033
1.0967
.7300
.4767
.3300
.2767

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

TABLE IX.FUNCTION P AGAINST x FOR r=300

TABLE XI.FUNCTION ^ AGAINST r FOR X=l

\

\,
11

0.1864

0.6878

0.3090

1.00

0.9811

O8090

\(deg)

xi

60

120

Ht
0.1664
.3090
.8878
.8000
.0511
1.00

1.4198
.7393
.0979
-.2196
-.3798
-.4294

1.4933
.9400
.3100
-.0600
-.2634
-.3400

0.9400
L0668
.4866
.0766
-.1834
-.2434

1.4290
.7488
.1061
-.2128
-.3742
-.4243

LS467
.9667
.2433
-.0967
-.2700
-.3200

0.9667
.9067
.4100
.0333
-.1600
-.2133

-a 2734
-.1634
.0233
.0866
.0466
.0066

-a 3400
-.2434
-.0634
.0133
.0066

0.2433 -a 0967
.4100
.0333
.4333
.1833
.1833
.1900
.0167
.0900
-.0367
-.0387

-a 2700
-.1600
.0167
.0900
.0667
.0200

1.0794
.99815
.3555
.0362
-.1255
-.1786

1.9600
1.3000
.8634
.1734
-.0100
-.0600

1.3000
L1200
.6334
.2834
.0867
.0234

a 6634
.6334
.6234
.3000
.1434
.0800

a 1734
.2834
.3000
.1434
.0967
.0634

-0.0100
.0867
.1434
.0967
.0467
.0200

0.1664
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
1.00

-a 3200
-.2133
-.0367
.0367
.0200

\-2
a 1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.91)11
1.00

180

240

300

iO

a 3100 -a 0600
.4666
.0766
.2233
.4400
.2233
.2100
.0233
.0868
-.0634
.0133

X=I
0.1664
.3000
.6878
.8090
.9511
1.00

71

HMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

-0.0600
.0234!
.0800
.0634
.0200

6.0667
.7667

-8.6667
-1.9333

-10.3333
-3.4667

-6.0667
-.7667

8.6667
1.9333

.2133

-.9667

-1.1000

-.2133

.9667

-.0633

-.6933

-.7600

.0633

.6933

-.1400

-.6400

-.6200

.1400

.6400

-.1667

-.6200

-.4800

.1667

.6200

-0.8400
-.7600

-a 9833
-.8687

-1.0300
-L07S3
-.9633

x=L00
0. 1664
.3090
.4640
.5878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877

LOO

-a 9867
-.9733

-0.8633
-.7933

-.8133

-.6267

-.6767

-.6600

-.6633

-.6100

-.4600

-.4S33

-.6467

-.6967

-.4633

-.4100

-.4033

-.3333

-.6633

-.4467

-.3800

-.3633

-.2900

TABLE XII.FUNCTION ^ AGAINST T FOR X=2

dP
TABLE X.FUNCTION ^ AGAINST r FOR A=$

Xl

\.

\(deg)

\
r
\(deg)
CO
Xl

120

180

240

60

120

\.

2.2667
.2667
-.4133
-.3300

-3.3333
-1.8667
-L0267
.7333

-6.0000
-L9333
-.8333
-.4800

-2.2667
-.2667
.4133
.3300

3.3333
1.8867
L0267
.7333

-.3017

.6733

-.3000

.3017

.6733

-.2600

-.6400

-.2600

.2600

.6400

I 1.00
a 1864
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9811
.9877
1.00

240

300

8.833
2.400

X -0

*=0
a 1664
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877
1.00

180

300

-a 8367
-.8767

-a 8633
-.7467

-a 9333
-.7933

-L01S3
-.9967

-L190
-L340

-.7300

-.6800

-.6183

-.8533

-L4133

-.6860

-.4700

-.4887

-.6650

-1.1667

-.6033

-.4100

-.4000

-.4733

-.6700

-.4767

-.3967

-.3693

-.4333

-.4333

a 1664
.3090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9811
.9877

LOO

11.3333
2.8000

-8.833
-2.400

-16.3333
-5.6667

-11.3333
-2.8000

.6833

-.9333

-L2000

-.6833

.9333

.2633

-.6667

-.7667

-.2633

.6667

.2000

-.6867

-.6333

-.2000

.6887

.1600

-.6467

-.6667

-.1600

.6467

X- 1.00

a 1664
.8090
.4640
.6878
.7071
.8090
.8910
.9611
.9877

LOO

-a 9733
-L06S3

-0.9067
-.7600

-0.7733
-.6400

-a 7467
-.7200

-0.8000
-.8400

-.9467

-.6600

-.6000

-.4800

-.7200

-.7200

-.6667

-.4867

-.4067

-.6467

-.6200

-.6000

-.4600

-.3600

-.4267

-.6600

-.4867

-.3800

-.3400

-.2333

72

REPORT NO. 776NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS

dP.
TABLE Xin.FUNCTION -sg AGAINST * FOR X=

TABLE XIV.FUNCTION -J- AGAINST x FOR X=l

ax

\
N. X
XI \

0.1664

0.3090

0.5378

0.8090

0.9511

a 1664

LOO

a 3090

a 399
.194
.105
.074
.055
.050

0.890
.670
.261
.169
.124
.111

L044
.877
.626
.375
.309
.280 .

a 964
.787
.623
.460
.379
.347

0.933
.810
.696
.532
.448
.417

0.9367
.8767
.7300
.6860
.6033
.4767

0.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
LOO

0.460
.130
.060
.038
.036
.029

0.943
.463
.163
.117
.105
.099

a 628
.316
.163
.117
.086
.075

0.662
.457
.269
.200
.164
.142

0.786
.609
.411
.321
.266
.249

0.834
.690
.608
.406
.342
.328

0.859
.731
.662
.463
.391
.376

a 8633
.7467
.6800
4700
.4100
.3967

a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
LOO

0.516
.318
.167
.124
.106
.096

0.711
.480
.292
.228
.191
.179

0.607
.264
.118
.064
.044
.041

0.679
.466
.238
.149
.106
.101

0.738
.611
.394
.273
.208
.184

0.397
.147
.008
-.020
-.018
-.014

a 6999
.431
.091
.025
.002
-.008

0.924
.771
.381
.169
.059
.042

a 823
.663
.482
.377
.286
.260

0.908
.762
.679
.454
.368
.334

0.9333
.7933
.6183
.4867
.4000
.3693

0.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
LOO

a 618
.307
.162
.110
.087
.080

0.668
.470
.283
.191
.168
.147

0.990
.918
.778
.603
.468
.427

0.964
.940
.811
.660
.670
.528

0.9607
.9733
.8133
.0633
.6967
.6633

a 6200
-.2030
-.2074
-.1372
-.1176
-.0940

0.9070
.3380
.1691
-.2386
-.2148
-.2042

1.1330
L0S00
.3690
-.1734
-.2933
' -.3345

0.817
.640
.466
.378
.336
.318

a 849
.7296
.659
.464
.428
.404

0.863
.778
.610
.601
.460
.440

0.8533
.7933
.6267
.6100
.4633
.4467

0.770
.622
.419
.319
.2706
.2605

0.814
.7106
.610
.403
.360
.326

0.834
.748
.660
.4490
.395
.369

0.840
.760
.677
.460
.410
.380

0.937
.794
.566
.379
.374
.236

0.9606
.8600
.0400
.466
.364
.324

0.9633
.8667
.6000
.4833
.4033
.3633

1.1033
L2234
.995
.314
-.037
-.080

1.0533
1.1300
1.0330
.6067
.216
.186

1.0300
1.0733
.9533
.6407
.3333
.3900

T-240

0.987
.905
.663
.400
.228
.194

L0090
.973
.816
.598
.4016
.363

L0133
.9967
.8533
.6660
.4733
.4333

0.1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9611
LOO

0.442
.206
.068
.022
.002
.0006

0.733
.460
.198
.095
.052
.039

a 890
.688
.416
.256
.163
.134
r=300

T-S00

a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
LOO

1.020
.970
.668
.348
.290
.270

T-180

T-240

0.1654
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9511
LOO

1.00

T=120

r=180
a 1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9611
LOO

a 9511

T-60

T-120
awe*
.3090
.8878
.8090
.9511
LOO

0.8090

" \
r=60

0.1564
.3090
.8878
.8090
.9511
LOO

0.6878

L216
L3222
L021
.402
-.026
-.067

L209
LS60
LS60
.970
.465
.284

L190O
L3400
L4133
L1667
.6700
.4333

a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
LOO

0.341
-.061
-.176
-.128
-.108
-.109

0.967
.298
.259
-.244
-.230
-.214

1.1680
1.1286
.616
-.205
-.330
-.308

THEORY OF PROPELLERS.

TABLE XV.FUNCTION -x^ AGAINST x FOR X=2

0.1664

0.6878

0.3090

0.8090

73

XLMETHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AXIAL INTERFERENCE VELOCITY

0.9611

1.00

TABLE XVLVALUES OF S-s^ AGAINST x FOR 3-BLADE

AND &-BLADE PROP'ELLERS
[For 3-blade propeller, T~120 and 240; for 6-bladB propeller, T-60, 120, 180. 240, and 300]
\^ X

r-60

a 1664

0.6878

0.3090

0.8090

a 9611

1.00

0
L868
L704
L378
L051
.7925
.738

0
L8766
L7434
L4333
L136
.8333
.8300

L8035
L628
L260
.957
.824
.764

LS066
L660
L2867
.0933
.3866
.8100

0
1.760
1.6076
L285
L0295
.836
.853

0
1.6634
L6067
L1400
.9734
.8600
.8267

0
4.918
4.610
4.012
3.007
2.0635
1.773

0
4.9368
4.7634
4.1949
3.3634
2.4566
2.1093

0
4.6648
4.446
3.664
Z6733
2.004
L846

0
4.6333
4.4666
16303
2.7633
2.2066
2.0333

0
4.4465
4.3005
3.474
2.7005
2.260
L948

0
4.200
4.040
3.3067
2.72882.3667
2.000

\
0.1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9511
1.00

0.880
.097
.036
.027
.021
.017

1.019
.723
.282
.110
.081
.067

L061
.834
.448
.306
.235
.210

L040
.939
.642
.609
.422
.384

0.9986
1.023
.861
.6616
.668
.614

0.9733
1.0533
.9467
.7200
.6200
.6000

0.922
.882
.760
.660
.462
.441

a 918
.8196
.700
.6776
.496
.477

0.9067
.7600
.6000
.6667
.6000
.4867

a 740
.612
.466
.379
.327
.301

a 7660
.631
.491
.461
.394
.361

0.7733
.6400
.6000
.4867
.4600
.3800

a 914
.814
.646
.489
.3996
.381

a 832
.788
.636
.462
.391
.376

0.7467
.7200
.4800
.4067
.3600
.3400

T=120

0.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.0611
L00

0.473
.280
.142
.117
.1036
.0942

a 866
.781
.683
.442
.379
.368

0.665
.480
.301
.239
.221
.210

1180
a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
1.00

0.661
.373
.220
.163
.124
.122

a 762
.681
.419
.332
.281
.262

0.707
.616
.327
.266
.200
.197
.

0.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
LOO

0.439
.208
.077
.043
.033
.029

0.689
.406
.200
.119
.100
.091

T=240

0.893
.708
.460
.322
.278
.262
T=S00

0.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
LOO

0.847
.046
-.149
-.127
-.107
-.100

1.087
.482
-.040
-.161
-.160
-.140

1.202
1.000
.481
.162
.046
-.008

L121
L118
.862
.498
.281
.166

0.943
L039
.837
.6586
.412
.230

0.8000
.8400
.7200
.6467
.4267
.2333

3-blade propeller; X-i

0

.1664
.3090
.1818
.8090
.9611
LOO

.923
.463
.170
.097
.067
.061

0
L381
.888
.360
.226
.156
.134

0
L709
L380
.792
.480
.325
.291

0
L821
L695
L171
.806
.670
.622

3-blade propeller; X1
a 1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
LOO

0.957
.623
.236
.146
.108
.0966

L707
L328
.881
.631
.499
.462

L444
.940
.490
.323
.243
.218

L786
L6236
L124
.843
.700
.639

3-blade propeller; X-2

0

.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9611
LOO

.012
.468
.219
.160
.1386
.1232

0
L344
.886
.601
.368
.321
.301

0
L749
L4S9
L043
.764
.667
.620

0
L836
L696
L396
L049
.8616
.822

6-blade propeller; Xi
0

.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
1.00

0
2.4490
.718
.1866
.0978
.0486
.0680

0
3.837
2.261
.6999
.2945
.1712
.1418

0
4.622
3.948
2.071
.9546
.6487
.4306

0
4.824
4.367
3.297
2.045
L209
1.062

6-blade propeller; X1
0

.1664
.3090
.6878
.8090
.9511
1.00

0
2.166
.909
.272
.166
.122
.0966

0
4.022
2.171
.677
.387
.276
.260

0
4.665
4.0466
2.384
L093
.7296
.6645

0
4.6933
4.3664
3.407
2.162
1.431
L312

6-blade propeller; X-2

0

.1664
.3090
.5878
.8090
.9611
LOO

0
3.190
.934
.325
.213
.1746
.1622

0
4.167
2.607
L070
.663
.442
.426

0
4.764
3.904
2.391
1.663
L218
1.084

0
4.737
4.366
3.386
2.436
L8916
L673

3217
Theod-jrsen, T.

DIVISION: Propellere (11)

SECTION, Aerodynamic (1)
CROSS EfEENCESi Propellers - Aerdynamlos (75'*78)i
Propellera - Interference effeoto (75k78.8)

paiC, AGENCY NUMDE2

ACH-U^19

AUTHOMS)

AMEH. TITLE: The theory of propellers - II - Kathod for calculating the axial interference
velocity
FOtWN. TITU.-

03IGINATIXG AGENCY: National Advieory Committee for Aeronautioe, T&ahington, D. C.

TRANSLATION:
COUNTOY
riATuats
tNGUAGf [FO{>G'NlA5 U. SJCLASS. I DATE I PACES I UU1S. I
D.S.
tables. dingr, grapho
Eng.
|
I Bnolaar. | Hov'14<| 96 ' 29
t

A teohnicel method is given for calculating axial intsrforenoe velocity of a propeller

along with developed method for calculating oxiol interferenoe flow for any loading,
latter isathod is accurate to firot order end therefore giveo the interference flan in
ratio to the loading for small loadings. It can be ehown that thio eocuraoy ie odequate
for all technical epplioetiona. Numerical valuos for the weight functiono are given for
two-blade, three-blado, and elx-blade propellars.
NOTEi

Requesto for copiee of this report muet be eddreosed toi N.A.C.A.,

Washington, D. C.

T-J. KO. A MATEma COMMAND

WEIGHT FIEID. OHIO. USAAF

ttfeo-n tau 47 t^a