10.

Lady Diana

9. Eleanor Roosevelt

8. Harriet Tubman

7. Marie Curie

6. Indira Gandhi

5. Queen Victoria

4. Cleopatra

3. Mother Teresa

2. Wu Zetian

1. Queen Boudica

Kalpana Chawla

History of Cricket
Cricket is one of the oldest games in the world and it continues to thrive today. The game is said to have originated in the 16th century with international matches being played since 1844. There is really no official documentation as to when Cricket started or even where it started. Much of the information that has been piece together has state that Cricket was a game that was thought up in the Saxon or Norman times by children living in the Weal, this is a thick area of woos an clearings in the South East area of England that is across Kent an Sussex. Cricket started out as a child's game but the adult version of the game was said to have started in the 17th century. Some speculate that Cricket is a take off of a games called Bowls or lawn bowling with the slight variation that a bat is use to keep the ball from reaching the target almost similar to baseball. The basic tools use to play Cricket were thought to be matte lump of sheep's wool to be use as the ball and a stick, crook or farm too was use as the bat. The very first mention of the games was in a 1598 court case where ownership of a plot of land was being contested in Surrey. An older man ha testified that he and his friends has played a game called creckett on the land over 50 years prior when they attended school there. In 1611, was the first time that an adult had mentioned playing the game rather than attending a church mass. Since then there has been many mentioned of the game in the English Civil War and then after the war ended a new Puritan Government had put a stop to more active sports like Cricket and Football. Cricket began to grow after the Restoration of 1660 and this is when the game first attracted gamblers to the game. In 1664, the Gaming Act was passed and it put a limit on the stakes of a game to 100 pounds. By the end of the 17th century Cricket was a game that was betted on daily. In the 17th Century, North America was introduced to the game through the English Colonies. By the 18th century it had passed through other parts of the world. Today, Cricket is still a major sport that still attracts players, spectators and even media interest as well. The ICC or the International Cricket Conference has over time expanded the development of the game and it hopes to produce more national teams that are capable of competing at the Test level. In June of 2001, the ICC has brought the Test Championship Table and in October 2002, the One Day International Championship Table was introduced. The newest addition to Cricket is the Twenty20, this a style of Cricket that was first seen in England for professional inter county teams and it was introduced by the England and Wales Cricket Board. If you have never seen a game of Cricket, go see one; it really is very fun and exciting.

How the Game is Played

Cricket is not that difficult to understand. There are rules and regulations just like any sport in the world. If you have never seen a Cricket match or do not understand how the game is played then we can help you. The first thing you need to understand what equipment is needed to play. Basics of the Game A Cricket Game consists of 2 teams with 11 players each. A formal game of Cricket can last anywhere from an afternoon to an all day activity. The rules are also similar to baseball, the

teams take to bat in innings and try to score runs when the opposing team tries to prevent that from happening. After both teams have batted an equal number of innings can be either one or two or what ever is agreed upon during the game the team that has the most runs, wins. Overall Play A coin toss decides who goes first and the captain of the winning side can determine which player he wants to bat first. All 11 players are out there in the field of the opposing team and two players of the batting team go out to bat. One fielder is the Bowler and he pitches the ball to the wicket keeper or catcher in baseball terms. The ball is actually bounced once before it reaches the batter and the batter attempts to hit ball and score a run. If you like baseball then you may find Cricket very similar and exciting to watch. Playing the Game Cricket is played on an oval field, the field has to have a strip that will run down the length of the field length wide, this is called the pitch, the spot where the bowler will stand and bowl the ball to the batsman. There also has to be a boundary line that has marks all around the field. The regulation cricket field is 22 yards in length. Next, mark the field with lines that will show the creases, the marking should be batting, return popping and bowling creases. The wickets are places on the field, one behind the bowler and the other behind the striker. Each wicket has three stumps that all stand side by side and the top of the stumps are called bails and these will hold the wickets together. The Wicket Keeper or catcher will require a glove to catch the balls thrown in by the fielders as well as by the bowler. The game is started by the striker and non-striker on the field. The non-striker found by the bowler and is partner of the striker, the striker is ready to have the ball pitched or bowled and is ready to hot the ball and send the game into play. There are many aspects of playing the game and these are just some of the basics that you need to get started watching a Cricket Match, be sure to read up on the different positions of the game and the rules so you can have watching the match and understanding it as well.

Cricket in Popular Culture

If you stopped to think about Cricket as a sport, we don't see on our sporting channels every weekend or in some countries we don't have local Cricket fields either. But if you really think as to how many times to hear about Cricket on our popular culture or op culture it would amaze you. Here are some of the many times we have heard the name cricket being used. American Express Commercial Jerry Seinfeld was acting a comedy bit in England and he was using American references and the audience did not laugh and so he used his card to learn the language around England and in the scene he is swinging a wicket missing the ball completely. He is carrying a wicket and dressed like a true cricket player and he says that was a wicket googly. Lagaan This is a movie from Bollywood; it is a musical that is set in British Colonial India. Lagaan, which means Land Tax, the premise behind the movie is that a group of villagers have to compete against the British rules in a game of Cricket to cancel the harsh taxes that have been placed on the land. Rules of Engagement

American TV show that features comedian David Spade and in an episode, his assistant played by Adhir Kalyan had challenged another character to a game to prove to him that Cricket is a legitimate sport. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Back in 1991 the full length movie was released and it had what pop culture says is one of the best quotes in the movie, there is a vigilante dressed like a hockey player and he grabs a baseball bat and says "Cricket?, nobody understands cricket, you gotta know what a crumpet is to understand cricket. " David Hasselhoff You wouldn't expect this name to be here but he was visiting Australia and he was invited to swing a wicket with some of the professional players, he did well and explained that he learned how to play when he lived in England doing reality TV show. Slumdog Millionaire My friend Jonas' favorite movie. The opening scene seeing the character of Jamal and his friends playing Cricket on the tarmac in an airport. Here are just some other celebrities that have enjoyed playing the game of Cricket over the years. Keanu Reeves picked up the game while he filmed the Matrix. Snoop Dog was in Australia playing cricket and he was seen doing very well in a local park. The British band Coldplay sponsored a local English cricket team by giving them funds for equipment and uniforms. Cricket is not as unheard of as you may think, if you think back or come across a cricket quotes or scene of a movie. Cricket is very popular in most countries around the world, it is fun to watch but it can be rather long to watch so unless you understand the rules and how to play you may not understand it too well, but even so it does have a place in popular culture world.

What are ferns? Ferns are a very ancient family of plants: early fern fossils predate the beginning of the Mesozoic era, 360 million years ago. They are older than land animals and far older than the dinosaurs. They were thriving on Earth for two hundred million years before the flowering plants evolved. As we know them now, most ferns are leafy plants that grow in moist areas under forest canopy. They are "vascular plants" with well-developed internal vein structures that promote the flow of water and nutrients. Unlike the other vascular plants, the flowering plants and conifers, where the adult plant grows immediately from the seed, ferns reproduce from spores and an intermediate plant stage called a gametophyte. What makes them different from other vascular plants? There are two answers to this. The first is that ferns are (relatively) delicate plants that only grow in areas where there are suitably moist conditions. They favour sheltered areas under the forest canopy, along creeks and streams and other sources of permanent moisture. They cannot grow readily in hot dry areas like flowering plants and conifers. The second explanation ties in with the first: ferns reproduce differently from the conifers and flowering plants. It all has to do with moisture. Not just the moisture that allows the plant to live where it does, but the moisture that allows it to reproduce there. How do they reproduce? As flowering plants are so common, we are all familiar with how they reproduce. Its useful to look at this first, to give us something to compare to ferns. Flowering plants (and conifers) reproduce when pollen from a male flower - carried by wind, insect or other vector - fertilises the female flower. (Many flowering plants, of course, include both male and female parts in the same flower). The male pollen cell carries half the genetic material of the adult plant and fuses its genetic material with that of the female cell, which carries the other half. The complete, fertilised cell grows into the seed, which, when ripe and when it finds itself in suitable soil and moisture, is capable of producing a complete adult plant. Higher plants have a very robust propagation system: the pollen from the male flower is very hardy, and the female flower nurtures the seed until it is ready to grow. The seeds themselves are often very durable, able to wait for long periods in adverse conditions before they grow. So the higher vascular plants have evolved to occupy nearly every niche on the land surface of the earth. Ferns do it differently. They have a more complicated method that depends on there being liquid water for the process to complete. As a result, they can only reproduce where there is sufficient moisture: the reproduction process itself requires moisture. So, how do they do it? To detail this, Ill need to describe some of the parts of a fern.

Parts of the fern - and some names for them The leafy branch of the fern is usually called a frond. The small leaflets that make up the whole frond are called pinnae. If you look underneath a fern frond, you will often see small clumps, spots or patches that look like they are stuck onto the under surface of thepinnae. These patches are where you find the spores. The spores grow inside casings called sporangia. The sporangia may clump together into what are called sori (singular: sorus). Photo (A) below shows sporangiaclumped into sori on a Kangaroo Fern frond. Sometimes these sori follow the fern leaf veins, sometimes they are set into indentations in the underside of the pinna. Not every frond has spores under it: fronds that have the spores are called fertile fronds.

Notable Parts of Coconut Tree and Its uses The Uses of Coconut Tree from the leaves down to roots are its main benefits for many ages on tropical countries and slowly got introduce to other civilization.

Coconut Tree As time goes by, people really cant deny the uses of Coconut Tree and was finally know as the Tree of Life due to the wide variety of products which can be derived from its various parts such as the use of Coconut Tree products for building houses, decors, and even medicine that can be produce from its roots or Coconut Water.

Uses of Coconut Tree from its parts

Coconut Roots can be use for beverage, dye stuff, and medicine purposes. Coconut Trunk uses for buildings parts. Out of the Coconut Trunk, handy and durable wood is obtained to make various pieces of furniture and novelty items. Paper pulp can also be extracted from the trunk. Coconut Shell, a part of Coconut Fruit produce items such as handicrafts items, charcoal for cooking, and many more. Coconut Husk also a part of Coconut Fruit is also used to obtain Coir. An elastic fiber used for rope, matting, and coarse cloth. Coconut Leaves for thatch and Puso. Coconut Leaves produce good quality of paper pulp, midrib brooms, hats and mats, fruit trays, fans, midrib decors, lamp shades, bag, and utility roof materials. In a provincial City of Cebu, Coconut Leaves are used to wrap white rice called Puso.

Coconut Spathe and Guinit can produce helmets, caps, "bakya" straps, and handbags. Coconut Inflorescence is also used to produce Coconut Juice, Coconut Toddy or Tuba. The fermented juice is the common alcoholic drink in the coconut region. Other products out of the Coconut Tree's inflorescence are gin and vinegar. Summary Uses of Coconut Fruit An important part of the Coconut Tree is the Coconut Fruit which is considered as a functional food. Coconut Fruit deserves its own page due to the broad uses it serves us but below are a summary of its benefits.