Madras Atomic Power Station

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Madras Atomic Power Station

Data Country Operator Built India uclear Po!er "orporation of India #T$. %&'( Reactors Reactors active Reactors under construction Total power generation in 2 ! Average annual generation "last # yrs$ %et generation ) ,**( -W. % ,/(( -W. Power ),0%% 1W2h %,*'3 1W2h 0',/*3 1W2h Ot&er details 'e(site uclear Po!er "orporation of India
4s of July )*, )(('

Start of commercial operation January )*, %&+*

Madras Atomic Power Station located at 5alpakkam about +( km south of "hennai, India, is a comprehensive nuclear po!er production, fuel reprocessing, and !aste treatment facility that includes plutonium fuel fabrication for fast breeder reactors ,F67s.. It is also India8s first fully indegenously constructed nuclear po!er station. It has t!o units of %'( -We capacity each. The first and second units of the station !ent critical in %&+0 and %&+/ respectively. The station has reactors housed in a reactor building !ith double shell containment ensuring total protection even in the remotest possibility of loss of coolant accident. 4n Interim 9torage Facility :I9F; is also located in 5alpakkam.

)edit* Reactors
The facility houses t!o indigenously built "4 $< type P=W7s called -4P9>% and -4P9> ).-4P9>% !as completed in %&+%, but start>up !as delayed due to a shortage of heavy !ater. 4fter procuring the necessary heavy !ater, the -4P9>% !ent critical in %&+0 and began operating at full po!er in January %&+*. -4P9>) obtained criticality in %&+/ and began full po!er operations in -arch %&+3. The t!o Pressuri?ed =eavy Water 7eactors ,P=W7. are

capable of generating %'(-We each !hich is lo!er than the designed po!er of )0/-We since some ?ircaloy pieces from the cracked cooling system !as found in a moderator pump.:%;

+aiga Atomic Power Station

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+aiga Atomic Power Station

Data Country Operator Built Start of commercial operation Reactors active Reactors under construction Total power generation in 2 ! Average annual generation "last # yrs$ %et generation India uclear Po!er "orporation of India #T$. %&+& ovember %3, )((( 0 ,33( -W. % ,))( -W. Power ),)0% 1W2h ),'%) 1W2h %',0+& 1W2h Ot&er details 'e(site uclear Po!er "orporation of India
4s of July )), )(('

Reactors

+aiga is a nuclear po!er station situated at 5aiga in <ttar 5annada district in 5arnataka, India. The plant has been in operation since -arch )((( and is operated by the uclear Po!er "orporation of India. It has four units !ith one still under construction. The t!o oldest units comprise the !est half of the site and the t!o ne!er units are ad@oining the east side of the site. 4ll of the four are small> si?ed "andu plants of ))( -W.

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)edit* Controversies
$uring 5aiga8s construction one of the lead !alls collapsed and created a safety concern. In ovember )((&, more than /( employees of the plant !ere affected due to high radiation levels. 4 !ater cooler for supplying !ater for the employees !as contaminated !ith tritiated !ater. Further investigation revealed that an act of sabotage could be a possible cause for the

leak. Politics play a ma@or role in finding scene behind the cause.:%;. 4nti>nuclearAmovement activists claim that the government is trying to do!nplay the severity of the incident :);

)edit* Ma,or incidents

Bn -ay %0, %&&*, the under>surface of the pre>stressed concrete dome of the reactor unit>I collapsed during the final stage of construction. It brought do!n %/( tonnes of concrete from a height of '/ metres and in@ured %* persons. This incident delayed the completion of the first t!o units. 4s per the earlier schedule, the first t!o units !ere eCpected to go critical by June %&&3. The construction of the first unit could not be completed before %&&&. There !as another controversy of miCing of heavy !ater !ith drinking !ater in )(%(.

)edit* -inancial pro(lems

4ccording to 5aiga authorities, the direct loss on account of delay !as enormous. The cost of the pro@ect !as estimated at 7s '/( crore. The revised cost amounted to 7s ),)'/ crore.

Ra,ast&an Atomic Power Station

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Ra,ast&an Atomic Power Station

Data Country Operator Built India uclear Po!er "orporation of India #T$. %&30 Reactors Reactors active Reactors planned Total power generation in 2 ! Average annual generation "last # yrs$ %et generation 3 ,%,%&( -W. ) ,%,)+( -W. Power 0,%*( 1W2h 0,&'% 1W2h /(,*&' 1W2h Ot&er details 'e(site uclear Po!er "orporation of India
4s of July )*, )(('

Start of commercial operation $ecember %3, %&'0

The Ra,ast&an Atomic Power Station ,74P9D also Rajasthan Atomic Power Project > 74PP. in India is located about 3/ kilometres ,*( mi. from 5ota by !ay of the "hambal 7iver, approCimately 0 kilometres ,%.& mi. above the dam that holds the 7ana Pratap 9agar lake. The plant lies in the Federal 9tate 7a@asthan, district "hittorgarh. The neCt locale is Tamlao,

7a!atbhata is approC. %% kilometers far a!ay, !hich is !here the plant is located. In 5ota a factory for heavy !ater operated in the +(s. 74P9 is India8s first pressuri?ed !ater reactor ,P=W7. of the type "4 $< type. The pro@ect started in %&3+ !ith "anadian assistance for the ))( -W reactor !hich became critical on %% 4ugust %&'0:citation needed;. 4fter the Indian nuclear !eapon test of %+ -ay %&'* in Pokharan, "anadian support !as !ithdra!n. Therefore, the second reactor only became critical in Bctober %&+%:%;. 4fter many incidents and repairs 74P9>% has no! a %(( -W capacity, 74P9>) is E)(( -W. In the conteCt of the Indian atomic program, t!o more P=W7 !ith an output of ))( -W each !ere built. They cost around /'( million dollars. 74P9>0 became critical on )* $ecember %&&&, 74P9>* became critical on 0 ovember )(((. T!o more reactors ,74P9>/ and 74P9>3. !ith ))( -We each are under commissioning as far as construction and the safety tests are concerned. The ne! '(( -We series of reactor i.e ,74PP>' and 74PP>+.!ill be under construction soon .4nd ,74P9>& and 74P9>%(.earlier planned no! !ill not be constructed.

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)edit* .nit (rea/down

.nit 7a@astha n ,74P9. >% 7a@astha n ,74P9. >) 7a@astha n ,74P9. >0 7a@astha n ,74P9. >* Type %et M' Start of 0ross -inis& of constructio M' construction n 0(.%%.%&') Date of S&ut Commercial Criticalit dow operation y n %%.(+.%&' 0 %3.%).%&'0

"4 $ %(( &( -W (%.(+.%&3/ < W

P=W7

%+' - )(( (%.(*.%&3+ W W

(%.%%.%&+( -ay %&+%

(%.(*.%&+%

P=W7

)() - ))( (%.().%&&( W W

%(.(0.)(((

(%.(3.)(((

P=W7

)() - ))( (%.%(.%&&( W W

%'.%%.)(((

)0.%).)(((

7a@astha n P=W7 ,74P9. >/

4TT4I F$ "7ITI"4#ITG < $F7 I )() - ))( )*.%%.)(( %+.(&.)(() "B 9T7<"TI FF67<47G W W & :);. B )(%( 49 I FB7-F$ I <"#F47

7a@astha n P=W7 ,74P9. >3

< $F7 )() - ))( )(.(%.)((0 "B 9T7<"TI W W B

PBWF7 "B7PB74TIB BF I $I4 WF6 9ITF 4TT4I F$ "7ITI"4#ITG I -47"= )(%( 49 I FB7-F$ I <"#F47 PBWF7 "B7PB74TIB BF I $I4 WF6 9ITF

THERMAL PROJECTS

0uru %ana/ Dev T&ermal Plant

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0uru %ana/ Dev T&ermal Plant

"ooling to!ers and main !ater resource Country India Town1city 6athinda Owner Pun@ab 1overnment Po!er corporation Status active -uel coal, Conveyance 7ail!ay Tec&nology Thermal

The 0uru %ana/ Dev T&ermal Plant , .at 6athinda:%; is one of the three thermal po!er stations in Pun@ab ,the other being at #ehra -ohabat and 7opar:);.. It is a medium si?ed po!er station !ith * units that !ere begun to be build in early %&'(s and completeted in %&+). 4ll total generate upto **( -! of po!er that meets the mammoth irrigation needs of lo!er Pun@ab:0;. 4t couple of years back the Thermal Plant8s functioning, !hich some claim is not upto contemporary environment safety standards has given birth to serious:*; health problems in the not only 6athinda itself but also nearby to!ns and villages, especially fly ash problem.

0uru 2argo(ind T&ermal Plant

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0uru 2argo(ind T&ermal Plant

"ooling to!ers

Country Town1city

India 6athinda #ehra -ohabbat ,9tate =igh!ay o. %) 3ocation .6athinda to 6arnala Owner Pun@ab 1overnment Po!er corporation Status active "oal from orth 5aranpura and "entral -uel "oal field #td and #ight $iesel Bil Conveyance 7ail!ay Cooling water 9irhind "anal ,6hatinda 6ranch. Tec&nology Thermal ) ,)%( -W single shaft reaction Tur(ines turbine. 4nstalled capacity ))(.+ #ac units daily Annual generation ))+% -<s

0uru 2argo(ind T&ermal Plant at #ehra -ohabbat , , . is the smallest Thermal Po!er 1eneration station in Pun@ab:%; located on 9tate =igh!ay o. %) !hich runs from 6athinda to 6arnala. It is one of the three such plants in Pun@ab, the other t!o being 1uru anak $ev Thermal Plant, and the one at 7opar. It compromises of @ust t!o units that collectively generate upto *)( -W. 1enrators used are cylinderical rotar type, that !ere manufactured in India itself by 6=F#:);.4t present, the plant is running !ith &+ per cent plant load factor ,P#F., !hich is considered good. The unit !as begun ,phase I. !ith a generation capacity of *)( -W %&&+.:0; !hen it !as seen that the one at 6athinda !as not enough to meet the demands of agricultural reHuirements of the area:*; <se of obsolete artifacts at the establishment, especaially transmission system often causes dire problems.:/;There is demand to improve the systems:3;. For a !hile a uniHue !ay to get rid solid pollutant !as found literally at an industrial scale>by making it obligatory for nearby 6rick 5iln manufacturing kilns to use the leftover of the Thermal but it did not !ork for long as they soon found legal loopholes and stop using it. o! cattle in the area have been reported sick and even dead due to the adverse effect on the gra?e. Fven laundry hung outdoors by house!ives get blackened:';

2arduagan, T&ermal Power Station

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search 2arduagan, T&ermal Power Station is located at =arduagan@ in 4ligarh district in the Indian state of <ttar pradesh , about %+ km from 4ligarh.

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)edit* Operations
The plant has three stages, having ' units. 9even eCisting units at =arduagan@ of capacity ranging bet!een /( -W to %%( -W !ere over three decade old and only three !ere operating and four !ere closed. The machinery is from 6harat =eavy Flectricals #imited. The coal for all these units is fed from the coal mines of 6""#, F"# by means of the rail!ays. This place is also

kno!n as 5asimpur Po!er =ouse The <ttar Pradesh government has deferred plans for setting up the /(( -W units, at =arduagan@

)edit* Sc&ools
6elo! are the list of good school in 5asimpur %. Ingraham Institute Fnglish 9chool ). a!ab 9ingh "hauhan 1ramoday Inter "ollege 0. Iidhyut Parishad kanya Inter college *. 9aras!ati Iidhya -andir /. -aharishi Iidhya -andir

)edit* Capacity
=arduagan@ Thermal Po!er 9tation has a capacity of *3( -W. ) <nits of /( -W capacity * <nits of 3( -W capacity % <nit of %%( -W capacity

Nuclear power plants +a/rapar Atomic Power Station

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+a/rapar Atomic Power Station

Data Country Operator Built India uclear Po!er "orporation of India #T$. %&+* Reactors Reactors active Total power generation in 2 ! Average annual generation "last # yrs$ %et generation ) ,**( -W. Power %,+/% 1W2h ),/*3 1W2h 0%,(0' 1W2h Ot&er details 'e(site uclear Po!er "orporation of India
4s of July )*, )(('

Start of commercial operation -ay 3, %&&0

The nuclear power station +a/rapar ,also Kakrapar Atomic power station or "4PF. is a nuclear po!er station in India, it lies in the proCimity of the city 9urat in the Federal 9tate 1u@arat. It consists of t!o ))( -W pressuri?ed !ater reactors !ith heavy !ater as moderator ,P=W7.. 54P9>% !ent critical on 0 9eptember %&&) and began commercial electricity production a fe! months later on 3 -ay %&&0. 54P9>) !ent critical on + January %&&/ and began commercial production in 9eptember %&&/. In January )((0 the "4 $< B!ners 1roup ,"B1. distinguished 54P9>% as the !orld!ide best P=W7 of its class. The construction costs originally !ere estimated to be 0.+)/) billion 7upees, the plant !as finally finished at a price of %0.0/ billion 7upees to have cost. Bther than the plant there is also a plant for producing heavy !ater in the area ,5akrapar =eavy Water <pgrade..

)edit* Accidents

%&&+ 54P9>% !as s!itched off because of a leakage in the cooling loop for 33 days.

%( -arch )((* the ,at the time. supply for the control rods !ere irreparably damaged during maintenance !ork. In response, poisons !ere added to the system and the reactor !as shut off. Bn )) 4ugust )((3 it !as reported by village inhabitants the area around the po!er station had been penetrated. 4 search by the police did not result in any finds. 5aps has a small to!nship located in a rural setting some odd +( km a!ay from main city 9urat. It is some less than )( km a!ay from Iyara !hich is also the headHuarters of Tapi district formed in Bct )(('.

)edit* Towns&ip

%arora
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%arora
J city J

%arora
#ocation of arora in <ttar Pradesh and India

Coordinates Country State District"s$ Population Time 5one Area O Flevation

)'K0(L '+K)3LF M )'./K '+.*0KF India <ttar Pradesh 6ulandshahr

)(,0'3 ,)((%.

I9T ,<T"N/:0(. O %'* m ,/'% ft.

%arora is located on the banks of river 1anges, in district 6ulandshahar, <ttar Pradesh. 4 nuclear po!er plant is located in its vicinity.

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)edit* 0eograp&y
arora is located at )'K0(L '+K)3LF M )'./K '+.*0KF.:%; It has an average elevation of %'* metres ,/'( feet.. It is about %/( km a!ay from $elhi.

)edit* Demograp&ics
4s of )((% India census,:); arora had a population of )(,0'3. -ales constitute /*P of the population and females *3P. Its average literacy rate is /+P, lo!er than the national average of /&./P, !ith male literacy 3/P and female literacy *&P. In arora, %*P of the population is under 3 years of age.

)edit* 4ndustries

arora is home to one of the nation8s net!ork of nuclear po!er plants, operated by the uclear Po!er "orporation of India #imited , P"I#., a public sector undertaking under the $epartment of 4tomic Fnergy ,$4F., 1overnment of India. Its t!in reactors are an Indianised version of the "anadian "4 $<>Type reactors, !hich operate on natural uranium as fuel and heavy !ater as the moderator>cum>primary coolant. This is one of the reactors for !hich fuel !ould be procured from <.9.4. under the 8%)0 uclear Treaty8 signed by the 1overnments of India and the <nited 9tates of 4merica in Bctober )((+.

)edit* Places of interest

arora has several bathing locations or steps ,1hats. for holy dip in the 1anges. The vie! from arora $am is very scenic. The modern residential colony of the staff of arora 4tomic Po!er Plant, , 4P9., is @ust near the dam. Its 1anga statue and parks are also !orth a visit. 6elon>!ali -ata mandir ,Temple of -other>goddess. is @ust / km from arora. The nearest rail!ay station is 7a@ghat arora !hich is / km far from arora. The nearest bus station is ./ km from arora. For holy dip in the 1anges several ghats are 7a@ghat, 5arnvaas, arvar, 5alakatti, 7amghat etc. 4t arvar, situated back side of 4P9 colony, there is 9anskrit college named 9angved 9anskrit -ahavidyalaya.

Rawat(&ata
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Rawatbhata
town

Rawatbhata
Location of awat!hata in a"asthan and #ndia

Coordinates Country State istrict!s" Population Ti#e $one

$%&'()* +'&,')- M $%./,&* +'.'0&#ndia a"asthan 1hittorgarh

,%,(++ 2$3345

#67 28719':,35

Area O Flevation O 0)/ m ,%,(33 ft. Codes[show]

: ;incode : ,$,,3+ Rawat(&ata is a to!n and a municipality in "hittorgarh district in the Indian state of 7a@asthan.It is /( km a!ay from the nearest city 5ota. 7a!atbhata is connected to the ma@or routes in country through 5ota .

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)edit* 0eograp&y
7a!atbhata is located at 0)/ metres ,%(33 feet.. )*K/3L '/K0/LF M )*.&0K '/./+KF:%;. It has an average elevation of

)edit* Demograp&ics
Template:4s of the India census:);, 7a!atbhata had a population of 0*,3''. -ales constitute /0P of the population and females *'P. 7a!atbhata has an average literacy rate of ')P, higher than the national average of /&./P: male literacy is '&P, and female literacy is 3/P. In 7a!atbhata, %*P of the population is under 3 years of age. In %&3(s , due to the location of this remote place on "hambal river and least resistance by local tribal communities , this place !as chosen for building uclear Po!er Plant !ith support from "anadian based 4F"#.

)edit* Sc&ools and 2ospitals

Briginally there !ere four schools, all run by 4tomic Fnergy Fducation 9ociety > 4tomic Fnergy "entral 9chool o.%, 4tomic Fnergy "entral 9chool o.), 4tomic Fnergy "entral 9chool o.0 and 4tomic Fnergy "entral 9chool o.*. 6ut, later on 4tomic Fnergy "entral 9chool o.% !as converted to !elfare center. There are four state govt. secondary school and a college. at present college is run by a local committee. 1ovt. 9enoir 9econdary 9chool,7a!atbhata is the biggest higher secondary school in the local region. There is one %(( bed hospital for employees of P"I#. e! building of community healthcare centre has been dedicated by P"I# to state government as a commitment to!ards providing better healthcare facilities to the people residing in the nearby areas.

)edit* Places of interest

[edit] Rana Pratap Sagar dam 7ana Pratap 9agar dam on "hambal 7iver is located near the to!n. The dam has po!er generation capability. It also supports a road connecting 7a!atbhata to a near by to!nshipIikram agar located on a picturesHue small hill. Bn the top of the hill there is a large metal statue of -aharana Pratap. [edit] Baroli temples 6aroli Temples at near by 6aroli village are one of the oldest temple compleCes ,&th century 4$. in 7a@asthan. [edit] Bhainsroad Garh Fort 4nother place of interest are the ruins of 6hainsroad 1arh fort overlooking the confluence of river "hambal and 6amni.

[edit] Nuclear Po er Stations uclear po!er generating facilities 7a@asthan 4tomic Po!er 9tation < IT>% is operated by $4F, 7a@asthan 4tomic Po!er 9tation < IT>) to 3, operated by uclear Po!er "orporation of India is located at 7a!atbhata. =eavy Water Plant ,under =F4IG W4TF7 6B47$ , $FP47T-F T BF 4TB-I" F F71G .is also located at 7a!atbhata, for the purpose of supplying heavy !ater for Po!er 1eneration !ith atural <ranium. 4 nearby orchard 5alakhet is a place !orth visiting.presently there are 3 units are operating and ) units are under construction of '(( -W,e.,74PP>'Q+.each. The to!n is located in the lap of aravallis . The colonies of the 74PP and =WP are !ell developed namely II574- 4147 TBW 9=IP,4 < 49=4,4 < $FFP ,4 < "=4G4, 4 < 5I74 , 4 < P74T4P, 4 < T474 and 4 < 6=41G4 respectievly. [edit] Para!har Para@har is a nearby !aterfall. The underground !ater flo!ing in caves has carved statues and figures on the stones in the cave. -any people have died due to accidents near the !aterfall.It is near to village called Para@har gaon. This place is also kno!n for historic cave>temple of #ord 9hiv. $uring -ahashivratri a large festival is organised here. !ater>fall and green surrounding is the attraction for peoples. [edit] Saddle "am ot to forget, 9addle dam !hich is the most common picnic spot for locals. [edit] Neem #hera Farms 4 beautiful picnic spot on the banks of river "hambal and lush green valleys of 4ravalli. =orse riding and 6oating for people. This farm is situated % 5- from Famous 6aroli Temples to!ards "hambal riverside. The farm also boasts of orange and guava plantations.