Prefixes, Suffixes, Roots PDF

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes
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GENERAL
GUIDELINES
BIOLOGY
RESEARCH
RESOURCES GLOSSARY

Click on the letter of the word you want to look up.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
A
Select another letter.
awithout, not, noabiotic, asexual, asymmetry, atrophy, aphasia,

acentric, atheist, agnostic, amoral, apathy,
apod
abfrom, away fromabduction, abstinence, abirritant, abjure,
absorb
down, down fromablution, abscond, abstract, absent, aberrant
abdominabdomenabdominal
-ablecapable of being,flammable, edible, trainable, charitable,
can doilluminable, usable, notable
acsharpacupuncture, acrid, acute, acnode,
acrimonious
-ac pertaining to hypochondriac, maniac, kleptomaniac,
pyromaniac
acathorny, spiny, nettle, point acaleph, acanaceous, acanthus, acanthoid
-acea class or order name Crustacea, Cetacea
-aceous of the nature ofherbaceous, sebaceous
acetacid, vinegar acetic acid, acerbic, acetabulum
-acious inclined to be spacious, fugacious
acouhearing acoumeter, acoustics, acoustician
acr(o)high, up, hill, topmost acrobat, acrodont, acromegaly, acropolis
actinlight ray, beamactiniform, actinic, actinozonal, actinolite
acusharp, needl acupuncture, acute, acumen
-acy state of beinglunacy, piracy, dormancy, legacy
adattached to, near, increase adhere, adductor, adrenal, addict
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-ad toward, in thedirectionofcephalad, cycad, triad, monad

-ade result of action marmalade, lemonade
aden(o)glandadenoid, adenoma, adenectomy
adip(o)fat (animal)adipose tissue, adipoma, adipocere
adrenadrenaladrenal gland
aer(o)air, atmosphere, gas aerobic, aeronautics, aerodynamics,
aeroscope, aeriferous, aerial, aerodrome
aesthfeeling, understandingaesthete, aesthesiometer
afto, towards afferent
-age act of, state of,heritage, breakage, plumage, sewage,
blockage,
collection of, mass marriage
agglutinto glue togetheragglutinate
-agogy leading pedagogy, demagogy
agoraopen spacesagoraphobia
-agra violent or sharp painpodagra
agr(o)crops, field, soilagronomy, agroclimatology, agriculture
-al pertaining to, act, cranial, skeletal, mental, internal, humoral,
process of, or relating to pectoral, medial, abdominal, nominal, focal
alb(u)white albumin, albino, albatross, albedo,
-algia pain causalgia, neuralagia, cardialgia, myalgia
alimfood, to nourish alimentary, aliment
-ality property of, condition of sexuality, proportionality, reality
allele of one another allele frequency, multiple alleles
alloother, differentalloy, allocate, allogamy
alt(o)high altitude, altimeter, altocumulus, altisonant
alteranother alternate, alter-ego
alveocavity, channelalveolus, alveolar cavity, alveolate
amlove amorous, amateur
ambion both sides, around ambidextrous, ambivalent, ambiguous
amblydull, dim, obtuse, blunt amblyopia, amblygonite, amblyoform
ambu(l)walkambulatory, ambulate, ambulance, amble,
amphiboth, on both sides, in amphibian, amphiblastula, amphitheater,
two ways, double, doubly amphipod, amphipneustic
amplilarge, to increase ample, amplify, amplitude, amplicative
amylstarch amylase, amylopsin
anwithout, not, no, negative anaerobic, anarchy, aneroid, ananthous,
anhydrous, anonymous, anemia
-an pertaining to, of, resembling brachyuran, hydrozoan, American
anaup, again, apart, backward anaphase, analogy, anabolic steroid
-ance the act of, a thing that continuance, annoyance, nuisance, dominance,
inheritance, substance
andr(o)male, masculine, man androgen, android, androspore, androgny
anewithout feeling anesthetic, anesthesia, anesthesiology
-ane attribute humane, urbane, mundane, arcane, Germane
anginapain, torture angina pectoris, anginoid, anginal
angiovessel, closed, cased angioplasty, angiogram, angioblast, angiosperm
animsoul, breath, spirit animal, animate, animaculum
anisunequal anisocytosis, aniseikonia, ansiometric
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ankylcrooked, bent, stiff ankylosis, ankylosaur,

annelyear, ringed, segmented annual, annelid, anniversary, annuity
-ant that has, shows or does merchant, covenant, servant, pleasant
antebefore, in front of antedate, anteflexion, anterior, anteroom,
antebellum
anterbefore, front, in front antenatal, antemortem, antechamber,
antecedent
anthflower antheridium, anther, antherozoid, ananthous
-anthropo- man, human, referring to man anthropology, anthropoid, philanthropy
ant(i)against antitoxin, antibody, antigen, antidote,
antiaircraft
antiqancient antique, antiquary, antiquate, antiquity
aperopen aperient, apert, aperture, aperitif
apitop apex, apical, apiculate
apodetached, away from, off apocrine gland, aponeurosis, apogee, apospory
appendhang on, addition appendage, appendix, appendicle
appetto seek appetitive, appetite, appetency
aquawateraqueous, aquifer, aquarium, aquaculture
-ar pertaining to, like, relating to polar, scholar, cellular, stellar, molecular
arbortree arboreal, arboretum, arborescent
archprimitive, original,ancientarchenteron, Archaebacteria, archive
-arch ruler, leader monarch, tetrarch
-archy rule, leadership gynarchy, anarchy
archeobeginning archegonium, archeology
-arian age, sect, occupation librarian, utilitarian, vegetarian, valedictorian
-arium place for oceanarium, terrarium, aquarium, sanitarium,
solarium
-ard one who carries an action drunkard
arterioreguarding arteries arteriosclerosis
arthr(o)joint, jointed arthropod, arthritis, arthrology, arthroscope
articuljoint articulation, articulate, articulator
-ary pertaining to, place for,imaginary, illusionary, aviary, boundary,
connected with bacillary
ascsac, bag asci, ascomycete, ascocarp, ascospore
-ase enzyme lipase, sucrase, amylase
-asis condition or state ofmetastasis, homeostasis
asterstar like, staraster rays, asteroidean, astronomy, astronaut
-asthenia loss of strength, weakness neurasthenia, myasthenia gravis, asthenia gravis
-ate to cause, like, having, owing nervate, laminate, acidulate, oxygenate
-ate chemical compound acetate, aluminate, carbonate
-atic of the kind of plasmatic, somatic
-ation that act of, condition of, speciation, condensation, precipitation,
migration
state or concept of, processfiltration, oscilation, concentration
atmobreath, breathe, vaporatmosphere, atmometer, atmolysis
-atory characterized by, of or circulatory, respiratory, ambulatory,
relating toconservatory, laboratory, observatory
audihear, hearingaudio, auditory, audible, auditorium, audiance,
audition
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auriearauricle, auricular, aurilave

autoself, same autonomic, automatic, autosome, autotroph,
autonomy
autoimmune, autobiography, automobile,
autograph
auxgrow auxin, auxiliary, auxospore
avi(s)bird avian, aviary, aviation, aviator
axiaxis, turn axle, axil, axillary, axilla
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
B
bacrod, stick bacteria, Bacillus, bacteriophage

barpressure, weight, heavy barometer, barograph, barium, baritone
basbase basal disc, basidia, basilar
bathosdeep, depths underwater bathysphere, bathymeter, batholith
becompletely, excessively bemuse, bespeak, bewail, besmirch
benwell benign, benediction, beneficial, benefactor,
benefit
benthodepths (of the sea)benthic, benthos, benthal
bitwo, twice, doublebinocular, bilateral, bipedal, bipinnate,
bivalve, binocular vision, biennial, binary
biolife, related to life, livingbiology, biotic, biogenesis, biopsy, biochemistry
-biosis mode of livingsymbiosis, abiosis, parabiosis
-blast(o)embryo form, bud, germblastula, osteoblast, blastopore, blastoderm
that which will generateblastocyst, blastomere
blepharo- eyelid blepharospasm, blepharoplast, blepharism,
blepharadenitis
-boliball, throw bolide, catabolism, metabolism
botgraze, feed, plantsbotany, botanical, botanist
brachiarmbrachial, brachiocephalic, embrace
bradyslow bradycardia
-branchigill branchiomorph, branchiopod
brevishort brief, brevilineal, brevity
brom(o)stench bromine, bromide
bronchwindpipe, trachea bronchitis, bronchial, bronchoscope
brymoss, grow bryology, bryophyte, bryozoan
bucccheek buccal, buccinator, buccolingual
bullaof lead bullet, bullitin
buniohill, rounded bunion, bunodont, buninoid
-bursapurse, pouch bursae, bursitis, bursiform, reimburse, disburse
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
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cac(o)bad cacophony, cacography

calcaneheel calcaneous
calc(i)lime, chalk calcium, calcite, calcification, calcify
calcuto reckon, pebble calculator, calculate, calculus
calo(r)heat calorie, caloreceptor, calorescence, calorimeter
calyphusk, cover calyx, calypteron, calyptrogen
candwhite, bright candle, candescent, candent
capillihair capillary, capillarity
capitheaddecapitate, capitate bone
carcincancer, a spreading sore carcinogen, carcinoma, carcinization,
carcinogenesis
cardi(o)heartcardiogram, cardiology,endocarditis, tachycardia
caridecaycarrion
carn(i)flesh carnivore, carnivorous, carnelian, carnage
carpfruit carpology, carpogonium, carpophore
carpwrist (carpus)carpal
caryonucleus eukaryote, prokaryote
castto make pure castigate, caste,
catadown, under, lower,catabolism, catalyst, catatonia, catastrophe,
decomposition, against catatonic, cataclysm
catharpure, purge catheter, catharsis, catharist
caudtailcaudal fin, acaudal, caudate
caulistem cauliflower, caulescent, caulicle
-causto burn caustic, holocaust, cauterize, causalgia
cavhollow cave, concave, cavern, caval, cavity
cavalhorse cavalier, cavalry, cavalcade
cecblind cecum
cedego, yield proceed, precede, exceed, succeed, concede,
recede
ceilheaven ceiling, celestial
-cele hernia, tumor, pouching cystocele, hydatidocele
celibelly, abdomen celiac, celiac artery
cell small room cell, cellular, cellar, cellarette
cenoempty cenotaph, cenosis, cenotron
cenonew, common cenozoic, cenobite, cenosere
censto judge censorial, censor, censure
-centhundred, hundredth part centigrade, century, centimeter, percent,
centipede
-centesis puncturing amniocentesis, rachicentesis, cardiocentesis
-centrround, middle eccentric, centromere, ethnocentric
centrocenter centromere, centriole, centrosome, centrifuse,
centripetal, cenrifugal
-cephal(o)head, upward, up cephalic, cephalothorax, hydrocephalus,
anencephaly,
cephalization, cephalometry, marocephaly,
cephalopod
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-ceps head biceps, triceps

-cept to take reception, intercept, percept, concept
cerebbrain cerebellum, cerebrum, cerebral
cervineck cervical collar, cervix
chaeta bristles chaetopod, Polychaeta,
chaetognath
cheli claw cheliped, chelicerata, chelicera, cheliform,
chelate
chemochemical, drugchemosynthesis, chemotherapy, chemotaxis,
chemoreceptor, chemotropism
chiasma cross optic chiasm, chiasmata
chirhand chiroptera, chiropody
chlor(o)green, containing chloridechlorophyll, chlorine, chloroplast
cholbile, gall cholesterol, cholera, cholinesterase, cholecyst
chondrcartilage, small hypochondria, mitochondria, chondrocyte,
grainlike structure Chondrichthyes
-chordcord, string chordata, notochord, chordate
choroidskin like choroid coat, choroidoiritis
chrom(o)color, coloredchromosome, chromatography, chromatin,
achromic
chron(o)timechronic, chronological, anachronism, chronology
chrys(o)golden chrysophyte, chrysochlor, chrysalis,
chrysaniline
chymjuice chyme, parenchyma, sclerenchyma, chymosin
-cian having a certain skillphysician, clinician, technician
-cide kill, killer, killinginsecticide, homicide, herbicide, pesticide, suicide
fratricide, genocide, vespacide, regicide
cilialittle hairs cilium, ciliata, ciliograde
cinemovement cinema, cinematic, cinemascope
circumaround, aboutcircadian, circumference, circumnavigate,
circumvent,
circumstance, circulatory, circumcision, circus
cirrhorange-yellow cirrhosis
cis(e)cut incise, incision, scissors, circumcision, incisor,
excision
-city practice atrocity
classclan, in common classify, classification, classmate
-clast dissolving, broken osteoclast, iconoclast, orthoclase, plagioclastic,
osteoclasia
claustconfined spaces claustrophobia, closet, clausura
clavkey, club clavicle, clavate, clavichord
climaregion, slope climate, climax, climacteric
-clineto learn incline, recline, clinograph
-cludeclosing conclude, occlusion, preclude, include, exclude,
seclude
cnid(e)nettle cnidoblast, cnidophore, cnidocil
cowith, togethercoed, coevolution, cohesion, cohabitate,
codominance, cohere, cooperate
coagucurdle, gel coagulate, coagulin
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coccberry coccus, coccidious, streptococcus, coccidium

-cochsnail cochlea, cochleant, cochleate
-coel(e)hollow, cavity, chambercoelom, blastocoel, pseudocoelom, hemocoel,
mucocoel
-cognito know recognize,
cognizant,cognoscent,incognito,recognizance coleosheath, shield
coleophyl, coleoptrera, coleorhiza
collogelatin, glue collodion, colloid, collodium
colocoloncolostomy, colitis
colpovagina colpospasm, colposcopy
comtogethercomposite, complex, combine, community,
complicate
conwith, together conclude, conjoin, connect, congress, connotation
condylknob, knuckle condyle, condyloma
conidust conidium, conidiophore, conidial
conjunctjoin together conjunctiva, conjuctivitis, conjuction
conocone conoid, conoscope, conodont
consider with stars consideration, considerate,
considerable
contraagainst, opposed to contrary, contradict, contraception, contraband
-copiaabundance copious, copiously, cornucopia
coprfeces, excrement, dung coprolite, coprolallia, coprophagous
corepupil corectopia
cornuhorn cornea, cornu, cornucopia
coronaa ring corona, coronagraph, corrola, coronary, coroniform
corpusbodycorpus luteum, corpuscles, corpse, corporation
corrotogether-gnaw corrode, corrosive, corrodent
corticcortex, bark, rind corticotropin, corticobulbar, corticate, cortin
cosmuniverse cosmic, cosmonaut, cosmopolitan,
cosmology
-costrib intercostal, costalgia
-cotylcupcotyledon, monocotyledon, dicotyledon
counteragainst, opposite counterpoint, counterfeit, counter-clockwise
-cracy rule, form of government democracy, autocracy, aristrocracy,
meritocracy
cranskull, head, brain cranium, cranial, craniotomy
-crat a supporter of, rule democrat, autocrat, aristrocrat, bureacrat
credto believe credible, credit, incredible,
credulous
-crinsecrete, cry endocrine, endocrinology
-crit separate hematocrit
crucicross cruciform, cruciate, excruciate, crucial ligament,
crucify
crustashell, tough hard surface crustacean, cruataceous, crustal
cry(o)extreme cold, frost cryonics, cryogenics, cryosurgery, cryophyte,
cryostorage
crypthidden, concealedcryptic, cryptogram, cryptorchism, cryptozoology
culpfault culprit, culpable
-cubolie in or on incubate, incubus, incubator
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cumupile, heap accumulate, cumulus, cumulative,

cumulonimbus
cursrun cursorial, cursive, cursory, precursor, cursor
cuspa point cuspid, bicuspid, cusped,
cutiskin cuticle, cutin, subcutaneous, cutaneous respiration
-cyaction, function, condition pregnancy, deficiency, impotency, agency, idiocy
cyanoblue, blue green cyanic, cyanosis, cyanide, cyanobacteria
-cyclround, circle, wheelcycle, epicycle, hydrocycle, cyclone, cyclic, bicycle
-cystbladder, sac, pouchcystitis, trichocyst, cystectomy, cystine, cystocele
-cyt(o/e)cell, hollow vesselerythrocyte, leukocyte, lymphocyte, osteocyte,
cytology,
cytokinesis, cytolysis, cytoplasm, cytoblast,
cytochemistry,
cytosis, osteocyte, cytosol, exocytosis, endocytosis
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
D
dactylfinger, toe, digitpolydactyl, dactylogram, pterodactyl

defrom, away, down, to decompose, denature, degenerate, detach, deploy,
do the opposite, undoing devoid, deodorize, dehydrate, deoxyribose,
or removal of detoxification, depolarization, desalination
dec(a)ten, tenth decade, decagon, December
decione-tenth decimal, decimeter
decifalling off, falling out deciduous, decimate, decimate, decidua
-dempeople demographics, democracy, epidemic, demagogue
dendr(o)tree, branchingdendrite, dendrology, dendriform, dendrolith
denttoothdentist, Endentata, dentition, denticulate
-dermskin, covering, tissue layerepidermis, dermal, hypodermic, echinoderm,
ectoderm,
dermatologist, dermatitis, endoderm, mesoderm
deutsecond deutoplasm, duet, Deuteronomy, deuthyalosome
dextrright dextrose, dexterity, dextrorotatory,
dextroposition,
ditwofold, double, twice disaccharide, dihybrid, diatom, diatomic,
dichromate,
dicotyledon, dichotomy, dichotomous key
diapart digress, diverge, diastyle, dioecious
diday diurnal
diathrough, across, between diagonal, diagnosis, diameter, diarrhea, dialysis,
diaphragm
dictto say, speak diction, dictate, contradict, indict, predict,
verdict, dictum
diluwash apart dilute, dilution, dilutent, diluvial
disundo, apart, awaydissolve, dismiss, disperse, disconnect, disarray,
dissent
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divicut, apart divide, division, dividend, divider

-dom state of being, realm freedom, kingdom, wisdom, stardom
-donttoothorthodontist, coelodont, lophodont, periodontitis
dormsleepdormant, dormancy, dormitory
dorsback dorsiflexion, dorsal, dorsolateral
doxview, teaching doxology, orthodox,
-drome race course, running palindrome, airdrome, hippodrome, velodrome
-ductcarry, to lead conduct, aqueduct, abduct, product, deduct,
viaduct
-durahard dura mater, durable, endure, epidural, subdural
dyn(a)force, power dynamite, dynamic, dynamo, dynasty
dysbad, ill, painful, difficult,dysentery, dysfunction, dystrophy, dyslexia,
dysplasia,
deformed, abnormal dyspnea, dysuria, dysmenorrhea, dystaxia
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
E
e(c)out of, from, excludeemit, edict, elude, erupt, eccentric, ectopic

-eeone who receives action employee, trainee
echinospiny, prickly echinoderm, echinate, echinus, echinoieda
eco(s)houseecology, ecosystem, economy, ecotage, ecotone
echsound echolocation, echogram, echochamber,
echocardiography
ectoouter, outside, external ectoderm, ectoplasm, ectoparasite, ectomorph
-ectomycut out, excision appendectomy, tonsillectomy, vasectomy,
spleenectomy
effupour forth effulence, effulent, effluvium, efflux, effuse,
effusion
egoself egotist, egotistic, egoism
elastreturn to shape elastic, elasticity, elastance
electr(o)electrical, electricity electrocardiogram, gel-electrophoresis,
electrocution
embol(i)a stopper, ball embolism, embolic, embolus, embolectomy
embryo swelling inside embryo, embryology, embryonic, embryosis,
embryogenesis
-emiablood conditionanemia, toxemia, leukemia, hyperglycemia
-encause to be, made of harden, lessen, darken, sunken, swollen
enin, into, within endemic, encephalitis, entangle, enrobe, endear
-enceaction, process, stateemergence, science, bioluminescence, fluorescence
-enchyma tissue parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma,
mesenchyma
end(o)inner, inside, within,endoderm, endoskeleton, endothermic, endoscope,
endoblast
internal, in endosperm, endopodite, endoplasm, endocrine,
endotoxin
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-eneending for alkenes ethylene, methylene, phenylthalene propene

enterointestine, gut coelenterate, enteritis, enterostomy, enterobiasis
eoearly, most primitive Eozoan, eohippus, eolithic, eocene
ephemebrief, lasting one day ephemeron, ephemeral, Ephemeridae
epiover, upon, outer, above,epidermis, epigenesis, epiphyte, epiglottis,
attached to epidemic, epitaph, epicenter, episode
episivulvaepisiotomy
equequal equate, equator, equation, equidistant,
equilibrium
-er one who, moreteacher, lawyer, preacher, brighter, lighter, writer
-erg(y)work energy, synergist, ergometer, ergograph, synergy,
ergal
-erythr(o)rederythrocyte, phycoerythrin, erythromycin
esoinside, will bearesophagus, esophoria, esostamenous
-esthesia feeling, sensation synesthesia, kinesthesia,
anesthesia
estivsummer estivation, estival, estivate
estrfemaleestrogen
ethicharacter ethics, ethos, ethically, ethicize
ethnorace, nationethnic, ethnicity, ethnology, ethnocentric
eticauseetiology, etiolate
eugood, well, normal, true,eukaryote, eubacteria, eugenics, euphoria
most typicaleuthanasia, eulogy, euphemism, eucoelom
eurywide eurypterid, aneurism, eurycephalic
exfrom, out of, former expel, excretion, exit, extinction, exodus, expresident
exooutside, outer, external exoskeleton, exothermic, exopathic, exorhiza,
exopodite
exteroutside external, extrinsic, exterior
extraoutside, in addition, beyond extracellular, extracurricular, extraterrestrial,
extraneous
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
F
facimake (easy) facile, facilitate, fascimile

fasca bundlefascia, fascine, fascist
febrifever febrifuge, febricity, febrile
felihappy felicitate, felicity, felicific
felis cat felidae, feline, felineness, Felis domesticus
felsrock felsic, felsite, feldspar
-fer to carry or bear transfer, conifer, aquifer, ferry
fera wild feral, ferocious, fierce
-ferous bearing coniferous, auriferous, sporiferous
fibrfiber, hair likefibrin, fibroblast, fibrinogen
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-ficmaking, causing scientific, terrific

-fidofaithful, trustful fidelity, infidelity, fiduciary
filothread filament, filarial, filopodium
fissisplit, cleft fission, fissure, fissile, fissate
flatublow, break wind flatus, flatulate, flatulence, deflate, inflate
-flectturnor bendreflect, deflect, inflect, reflection
-flexbend flexion, flexor, reflex, flexible, circumflex
-flictto strike conflict, inflict, infliction
florflower, bloom florist, floret, florescence
-flu(x)flow effluence, influence, fluctuate, confluence, reflux,
influx
fluorglow with color fluoresce, fluorescence, fluoroscope, fluorescein
-foli(o)plant, leaves folio, foliage, foliate, foliolate, exfoliate, trifoliate
follibag, sack follicle, follicular, folliculated
foramiopening, hole foramen, foraminate, foramen magnum
forebefore, in front of foreskin, foreshadowing, forecast, forefoot,
forefinger
-formshape formula, vermiform, fusiform, formidable
fossadig, trench fossil, fossorial, fossilize, fossorial, fossil fuel
fovpitfovea, foveola, foveiform, fovea centralis
-fractbrokenfracture, infraction, fraction, refraction
fragidelicate, frail fragile, fragment, fragmental, fragmentate,
fragmentation
fratbrother, sibling fraternal, fraternity, fraternize
fricrub, carve frets, fretful, friction, fricative, fricassee
frigibe cold frigid, refrigerate, frigidity, frigorific
frucfruit fructose, fructuous, fructuform
-fug(e)to drive out, to flee centrifuge,fugitive, fugacious
-ful full of, having much hopeful, useful, thankful, colorful, fruitful,
respectful
fumasmoke, fumesfumigate, fuming, fumarole
fundbottom, deep fundus, fundamental, fundament
fungmushroom, toadstool fungus, Fungi, fungal, fungicide
funicsmall ropefunicular, funiculus, funiculate
furito rave, insane furor, fury, infuriate, furious
fuseto melt, pour together fuse, fusion, fusible, infusible, infusion, transfusion,
confusion
-fymake, cause, cause to petrify, simplify, signify, purify, exemplify
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
G
galamilk-white galaxy, galactagog, galactic

gametsexual, reproductivegamete, gametophyte, gametogenesis, gametocyte
gam(o)unitedgamogenesis, gamotropic, gamosepalous
-gamymarriagebigamy, monogamy, cryptogamy
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ganglia swelling, knot, tumor ganglia, ganglion, gangliated, ganglionic

gastr(o)- stomach, digestivegastritis, gastroscope, gastrula, gastrectomy,
gastropod
-gatea scandalWatergate, negate, Irangate, interrogate
gem(m)- bud, producing gemma, gemmoid, gemmule, gemmate,
gemmiferous
-genformation, development,Genesis, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, gameogenesis
origin, birth, producing generator, generation,
-genic origin, kind, giving rise tocarcinogenic, cytogenic, mutagenic, eugenics,
photogenic
genus class, to become general, generic, genuine
-gen(y)race, kind, tribe, origingenealogy, genotype, progeny, homogeny
ge(o)earth geology, geography, geometry, geotropism
gerioldgeriatrics, gerontology, gerontocracy
germsprout, seedgerminate, germicide, germinal disk
-gestoto carry digestion, ingested, gestation
gigagiant giantism, gigameter, gigabyte, gigantic
gingivgums gingiva, gingivitis
glaciice glacial, glacier, glaciate, glacis
glans acron gland, glandular, glandule, glans penis
glaucgray, blue grayglaucoma, glauconite,
glaucous
gleaglue, gelatinous neurogleal,mesoglea
globballgamma globulin, globe, globin, globerigina
glommake a little ball glomerulus, conglomerate, glomerule
glosstonguehypoglossal, glossary, toxiglossa
glotttongueglottis, epiglottis, polyglot
glucsugarglucose, glucinum
glyc(o)sugarglycogen, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia glycerin
-gnathjaw Agnatha, gnathopod, prognathous
-gnos(is)knowledge, beliefprognosis, diagnosis, agnostic, gnostic
gonsexual, seedgonads, gonorrhea, gonophore
-gon angle polygon, pentagon,
-gradstepcentigrade, graduate, gradual, gradus
-gramwritten recordtelegram, diagram,grammar, program
-graphwrite or drawphotograph, topographical, graphite, polygraph,
autograph
-graphy recording, descriptiongeography, cardiography, enterography, biography
-gregategather congregate, aggregate
-gress to walk, entrance digress, transgress, ingress, egress, progress
guttadrops, dripping guttation, gutter, guttate, guttula
gymnonaked gymnospore, gymnosperm, gymnasium
gyn(ec)female, woman, gynecology, gynecologist, gynoid
-gyroto whirl, revolve or spin gyrate, gyroscope, autogyro, gyroidal
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
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halsalt halophyte, halitosis, halide, halite, halogen lights

halluwander in mind hallucinate, hallucination, hallucinogen
haplosingle haploid, haplosis, haplopia, haplont,
haplology
hecthundred hectare, hectogram, hectoliter, hectometer
-hedron seat, face, shape hedral, tetrahedron, icosahedron, heptahedron,
euhedral
helispiral, screw helix, helicopter, helicoid, helictite
heliosun heliotrope, heleograph, heliometer, heliostat,
heliotaxis
helminth- worm Platyhelminthes, helminthic, helminthiasis,
anthelmintic
hematblood hematoma, hematology, hematocrit, hematopoiesis
hem(o)bloodhemoglobin, hemostat, hemostasis, hemophilia,
hemophobia
hemihalf hemisphere, hemimetabolous, hemicrania,
hemicycle,
hepatliverhepatitis, hepatic vein, hepatectomy, hepatoma
heptaseven heptad, heptagonal, heptarchy, heptathlon,
heptastich
herb(a)plant, grass, green cropherbivore, herbaceous, herbal, herbalist,
herbotology
-hereo to cling, stick adhere, adhesion, adhesive, cohere, cohesion
herppertaining to reptiles herpetology, herpetologist, herpetological
heter(o)different, otherheterozygous, heterotrophic, heterosexual,
heterogenous
hexasix hexapod, hexagonal, hexameter, hexagone,
hexangular
hibernwinter hibernate, hibernal, hibernaculum
hist(o)tissue histology, histocyte, histogram, histamine,
histopathology
-holic love, addiction alcoholic, workaholic, chocoholic
holoentire, wholeholoblastic, holophytic, hologamous, holographic,
holocrine
homeosameness, likeness homeostasis, homeobox, homeopath
homiman hominid, homicide, hominoid, Hominidae
homoalike, similar, samehomozygous, homologous, homogenous, homosexual,
homotypic, homogeny
-hood order, condition brotherhood, sisterhood, manhood, falsehood
hyalglass hyalogen, hyaline, hyaloid, hyalite, hyloplasm
hydr(o)water, fluid,hydrolysis, hydrophobic, hydrocephalus, hydrant
hydroelectric, hydroponics, hydrothermal, dehydrate
hygr(o)damp, moist hygrometer, hygroscopic, hygrophilous
hymenmembrane hymeneal, hymenoptera, hymenotomy
hyperabove, excessive, over,hypertonic, hyperactive, hyperglycemia,
hyperthyroidism,
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more than normal, beyondhyperthermia, hypertension, hyperventilate,

hyperkinetic
hypnsleep hypnotherapy, hypnotize, hypnotic, hypnosis
hypounder, less than, below, hypotonic, hypodermic, hypoglycemia,
hypotension,
beneathhypothermic, hypoallergenic, hypochondria
hysteruterus, womb hysterectomy
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
I
-ia condition, state anoxia, hysteria, hypothermia

-iac pertaining toiliac, hypochondriac, maniac
-ial of, relating to pericardial, cranial, medial, arterial
-ian one skilled in, resembling physician, comedian, librarian, amphibian
-iasis diseased conditionmyiasis, psoriasis, elephantiasis, taeniasis,
histomoniasis
-iatrytreatment, healing podiatry, psychiatry
-iatrics medical treatmentgeriatrics, pediatrics, psychiatrics,
-ible capable of being incredible, terrible, visible
-ic pertaining to, havingbiotic, manic, hyperglycemic, hypodermic, medic
ichthyfish, referring to fishichthyology, Chondrichthyes, icthyoid
-ician specialistphysician, technician, mortician, musician
iconimage iconic, iconography, iconoclast
-ics technology physics, aerodynamics, forensics, acoustics,
mathematics,
-idquality, tending to, tepid, hominid, acid,
connected with buninoid, amoeboid
idi(o)individual, one's own, self idiosyncracy, idiom, idiopathy,
-idium small one, structure antheridium, basidium, pycnidium
-ify to become, make petrify, basify, rectify,
ignisfire igneous rock, ignite, ignition
ilesegment of, relating to docile, compile
ileotwist ileum, ileostomy, ileitis
imnot imbalance, imitation, impassible, imperfect,
impede
immunsafe, exempt, free immune, immunity, immunized
inin, into, not, without inability, inferior, incoherent, intangible
-in pertaining to melanin, insulin, epinephrin, pancreatin
inciscut into incisor, incisive, incisory
indoblue, violet indigo, indol, indophenol
infer(i)below, underinferior, infernal, inferiority
infrabelow, under, beneath infrastructure, infrared, infraclusion
-ing act of healing, growing, pumping, blocking, repeating
interbetween, amongintercellular, intervention, internet, interval,
interlude
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intrawithin, inside of intracellular, intravenous, intramural, intraocular,

intranet
introinto, withinintroversion, introduce
-ionact of, process of extinction
-iorpertaining to senior, junior, juror
-ious full of, having bilious,
irisrainbow color iris, iritis, iritomy, irisopsia
-ishof, relating to, like greenish, tallish
-ismcondition, belief in parasitism, alcoholism, botulism,
isoequal isotonic, isometric, isogamy, isoptera, isobar, isopod
-ist one who specializes in dentist, botanist, ophthalmologist, dermatologist
-istics the science of the nature of statistics, ballistics, linguistics, cladistics
-ite nature of, quality of somite, stalagmite, trilobite,
-itisinflammation, infection appendicitis, arthritis, hepatitis, bronchitis,
gingivitis
-ity state, quality, degree formality, normality
-ium chemical element or group ammonium, barium, californium
-ization action, result of making ionization
-izecause to be, treat with materialize, idolize, ionize
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
J
-ject throw, hurl eject, project, projectile, reject, trajectory,

interject
judicjudge judicial, injudicious, judicature
junctjoin adjunct, conjunction, disjunction, neuromuscular
junction
-juvenyouthful rejuvenate, juvenile, juvenescent
K
karyokeratkilo-kines(a)-
PRS
nucleus karyotype, eukaryote, prokaryote

cornea, horn keratectomy, keratin, keratitis
one thousand, 1000kilometer, kilogram, kilowatt, kilocalorie
movement, action kinesthetic, kinesiology, telekinesis, cytokinesis
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
L
lab-
labor, change labile, laboratory, lability
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labilips labia
lacermangled, jagged lacerate, lacerations, lacerated
lacritear, cry lacrimate, lacrimator, lachrymose
lactmilk lactate, lactose, lactobacillus
lacupit, basin lacuna, lacunose, lacustrine
lamellaleaf or layer middle lamella, lamellate, lamellose, lamelliform
-laminlayer, thin sheet, scale laminate, laminectomy, laminitis
lanawool lanolin, lanate, lanary
lance spear, dart lancet, lancelet, lancinate
languifaint, weak languid, languish, languor
lapar(o)- abdominal wall laparotomy, laparocele, laparocele, laparoscope
-lapidstone dilapidated, lapidary, lapillus, lapidary
lard fat, pig fat larder, lardacein, lardaceous
larvaghost, spirit of larvae, larval, larvate, larviparous
laryngthroat, gullet larynx, laryngitis, laryngoscope
latenhidden, lurking latent, latescent, latency
laterbrick, red lateritious, laterite, lateritic
later(o)side, lateral unilateral, bilateral, lateroversion
latibroad latitude, laticlave, latifoliate
laxloose laxation, laxative, laxity, relaxation
legabequeath legacy, legal, legate,legalization
legitlawful legitimate, legitimist, illegitimate
lepidoscale, scaly, flake leprosy, lepidoptera, lepidote
-less lack of, without useless, homeless, childless, painless
leuk(o)white, colorless, clear leukocyte, leukopenia, leukoderma, leucopathy,
leucopyrite
levat(a)to raise levy, leviable, levant, elevator, levee
levebalance, to the left level, lever, leveful, levogyrate
lexspeech, word, read, law lexicon, lexicology, dyslexia, lexeme, lexical
librabalance, even librate, deliberate, equilibrium, libratory
libritree bark liber, libriform, liberaceous
ligato bind ligament, ligature, ligate, liable
liginiwood ligneous, lignin, lignose, lignite
limbus edge limbate, limb, limbic, limbo
liminthreshold limen, liminal, eliminate, limit
linealine lineage, lineal, lineolate
lingutongue lingulate, linguistics, lingual, bilingual, linguoversion
-ling smaller, younger, weaker hatchling, saoling, duckling, earthling
linum flax linoleum, linnet, linen, lingerie
lipfatlipid, liposuction, lipase, lipoma, lipemia
liqua be fluid liquor, liquid, liquate, liquescent
lithstone lithograph, monolith, neolithic, lithosphere
-loberounded section lobectomy, lobotomy, lobular, frontal lobe,
locaplace location, locus, locomotive
-logospeech, thought logical, dialogue, eulogy, apology, logogram
-logy study of, a sciencebiology, ecology, teratology, zoology, physiology
lophtuft, crest lophodont, lophobranch, lopholith
lubrislippery lubricant, lubricate, lubricious
lucilight lucid, luciferin, lucifer, luciferase, lucubratory
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-ludplay elude, allude, elusive, ludicrous

lumblower back, loin lumbar, lumbago, lumbus, elumbated, lumbago
lumenlight illuminate, luminescent, bioluminescent,
lumenophore
lunamoon lunar, lunatic, lunacy, lunate, luniform, lunitidal
lunulmoon-like lunula, lunulated, lunular
lupuswolf lupine, lupus vulgaris, lupoma, Canis lupis
lutyellow, golden luteolin, corpus luteum,
luteous
-ly manner, like quickly, laterally, neuroticly, chronologically
lymph- clear fluid lymphocyte, lymphoid, lymphoma, lymphatic
lyoloose lyophilic, lyophobic, lyogenic
-lysisto break up, loosen, burst, lysosome, lysis, hydrolyze, analyze, dialysis
dissolving, to split, release cytolysis, hemolysis, hydrolysis, glycolysis
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
M
macrolarge, enlarged, elongated macroscopic, macrophage, macronucleus,

macrobiology
madre- mother madreporite, madreporaria, madreporiform,
madrepora
magma to knead dough, a pasty mass magma, magmatic, massecuite, milk of magnesia
magn(i)- greatmagnification, magnificent, magnate, magnum,
magna carta
magnet- expressing strong attraction magnetic, magnetize, magneto, magnetite
-mal(i)- bad, faultymalpractice, malocclusion, malodorous,
malformation,
malignant, malicious, malign, malnutrition, diamal,
malody
-malacia abnormal softening,soft malachite, malacology, malacophilous, malaxate
mallhammer malleable, malleate, malleolus, mallet
mamm- breastmammogram, mammary gland
mandi- lower jaw,chewmandible, mandibular, mandibulary
manihand manipulate, manicure, maniple, manifold, manifest
-mania insane desire, compulsionmanic, maniac, manic-depression, kleptomania,
mythomania
manua hand manufacture, manual, manumission
marsea marine, maritime, marinate, meremma, mariner
mastobreast, meatmastectomy, mastitis, mastoid, mastodon,
mastopathy
mastigo- whip mastigote, mastigophobia, Mastigophora
materi- matter material, materialize, materalistic
-matic of, relating toplasmatic, somatic, automatic, mathmatic, spermatic
matin morning matins, matinee, matinal, matutinal
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maximany, most, highest maximum, maximal, maxim, maximize,

maximization
maxillupper jaw maxilla, maxilliped, maxillary
-mea to pass (through) permeate, permeability, permeation
mechani- machine mechanical, mechanic, mechanize,
mechanoreceptor
meddl- mix meddler, miscellaneous, miscible, miscibility,
immiscible
medimiddle median, mediate, mediastinum, mediocre, medieval
medicphysician, heal medicine, medical, medication
megalarge, one million, greatmegabyte, megaphone, megalopolis, megadose
-megal(o)- enlargement megalocephaly, megalomaniac, megalosaur
melan- black melanocyte, melanin, melancholy, melanoma,
melanoid
memor- mindful, from memory memoir, memorial, memorandum, memorable,
memoriter
menac- threats menace, menacing, menaced
mening- membrane meninges, meningeal, meningitis
mensatable, food mensa, mensal, commensalism, commensial
mensuto measuremensurative, mensuration, mensurable
mentjaw (lower) mental, mental point, mentum, mentonniere
mentmind mental, mentality, mention, demented
-ment act of, that which development, atonement, fragment, aliment,
movement
-mer form, shape, part polymer, blastomere, metamerism, merognostic
mes(o)(i)- middle, intermediate mesoderm, mesophyll, mesothorax, mesial, mesozoic
metaafter, beyond, change in metamorphosis, metaphase, metastasis, metatarsal,
form, later, in succession metaphysics, metabolism, metazoan
meteor- weather meteorologist
-meter- means of measurement millimeter, centimeter, diameter, photometer,
micrometer
-metr- a measure, measurement isometric, metronome, trigonometry
metr(o)- uterus, womb, mother metropolis, metritis, metronymic
microminute; one-millionth microscopic, microbiology, microbe, microorganism
midin the middle of mid-term, midsummer, midpoint, midbrain
millione-thousandth, thousand millimeter, millipede, millenium, milliampere,
milligram
mimemimic, copy mimosa, mimotype, mimeograph, pantomime
mine burrow, mine miner, mineral, minethrower
minileast, small minimal, miniature, minimum, miniskirt, miniseries
minisassistant, help minister, administer, administrator, ministry
minuless minute, minuet, minus, minuend
mioto shut, less miotic, miocene, miosis, myopia
mirawonderful miraculous,miracle, mirage
misbad, wrong miscarrage, mistake, misinform
misohate misogyny, misanthropy, misogamy
missto send missile, missionary, mission
-mit to send transmit, permit, remit, admit,
mitothreadmitosis, mitochondria, mitotic
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-mobil- movable automobile, immobility, mobility, mobilize, mobile

modus regulate moderate, modality, module, modus operandi
molamill, grind molar, molaris, molary
molemass, weight mole, molest, molecule, molecular
mollis- soft mollusk, mollusca, mollify, Alchemilla mollis
monoone, single, alonemonocular, monohybrid, monocotyledon, monolith,
monorail
-morph- shape, form, structuremetamorphosis, morphology, endomorph, ectomorph,
lagomorph, polymorphic, isomorphism
mor(t)- death morgue, rigor mortis, mortify, mortuary, mortal
motomovingmotor neuron, motile, motion, motive
mucmucus, be moldymucus membrane, mucin, mucilage, mucedinous
mult(i)- consisting of many unitsmulticellular, multitude, multipolar, multiple
mural wall murals, intramural, muriform
mut(a)- change mutation, mutagen, mutate, mutability
-mycin obtained from fungi streptomycin, neomycin, erythromycin, viomycin
myc(o)- fungi mycology, mycoprotein, mycosis, mycorrhiza,
mycelium
myelspinal cord, bone marrow myelitis, myeloma, myeloid, myelocyte
myomusclemyocardium, myofibril, myotome, myopathy,
myoclonus
myriten-thousand myriad, myriagon, myriagram, myriapod
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
N
nano one billionth nanometer

narcsleep, numbness, torpor narcolepsy, narcotic, narcosis
nasnose nasiform, nasology, nares, nasopharynx
natbirth, to be born neonatal, nation, native, nativity
-nautship, sailor cosmonaut, nautical, astronaut, nautilus, nausea
nebulfog, mist nebula, nebulous, nebulize
necr(o)- death, dead, corpse necrosis, necrotic, necrophilia, necropolis
-nema thread, round nematode, nematocyst, nematoform
neonew, recent neonatal, neonate, neoclassic, neophyte, neologism
nephr(o)- kidney nephron, nephritis, nephrocele, nephrotomy,
nephrosis
-ness state, quality, degree cleanness, brightness, fitness
neur(o)- nerve neurology, neurotransmitter, neuron, neuroblast,
neuromuscular junction, neuralgia, polyneuritis
neutr(o)- neither one nor the other neutron, neutrosphere, neutrino, neutrophil
nictare- to wink, blink nictitate, nictitation, nictitating membrane
nidnest, center nidus, nidulant, nidology
nigrblack nigro, nigrescence, nigrosine, denigrate,
streptonigrin,
noctnight nocturnal, noctilucent, noctograph, noctiluca,
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noctambulism
nod(o)- knot, swelling nodule, nodular, nodulous, nodical
nomen- name binomial nomenclature, nominal data
-nomy science of, law taxonomy, anatomy, economy, aeronomy, autonomy,
isonomy
nonnine, not non-disjunction, nonsense, nonagon, nonferrous,
nonabrasive
norma rule, average normal, normality, abnormal, normalcy, normative
nosodisease nosogeny, nosology, nosomania
notaknow, notable notary, notation, notarize, note, notion
-noto- the back notocord, pronotum, notoderm, notomorph
-nova- new novel, novelty, novacaine, innovation, supernova
noxa hurt, harm obnoxious, noxious, noxal, noxiousness, nosode
nuclekernel, nut nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear, nucleoplasm, enucleate
nullnone, no, zero null, nullify, nullipore, nulliparous, nullification
nutrinourishing, feed nutrition, nutrient, nourish, nourishment
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
O
obover, toward, against, to observe, obtrude, obstinate

obvertoward, turn obversant, obvert, obverse, obvolute
oct(o)eight octopus, October, octagon, octave, octopod
oculoeye, vision binocular, monocle, oculist
-odoway, path odometer, anode, cathode
odonttooth orthodontist, mesodont, macrodont, ogleodont,
odontoblast
officwork-do office, officer, offical, official, officious
-oid resembling, like amoeboid, anthropoid, hominoid, ovoid, mongoloid
-ol ending for an alcohol methanol, ethanol, glycol, isopropenol
oleoil oleo, oleomargarine, oleoginous, oleate
olfactto smell olfactory, olfaction, olfactometer
oligofew, little, small oligarchy, oligochaete, oligodontia
-ologist one who studies biologist, ornithologist, entomologist, archaeologist
-ology study of, science of biology, ecology, teratology, zoology, physiology,
nosology
-olus small nucleolus
-oma tumor, swelling hematoma, glaucoma, carcinoma,
-ome biological entity genome, biome, kinome, physiome
-omics area of biology protemics, kinomics, neuromics, genomics, chronomics
omniall, many omnivore, omnipresent, omnibus, omnipotent,
omniscient
omphal- navel omphalos, omphalocele, omphaloskepsis
oncotumor, cancer oncologist, oncology
onoma- name onomastic, onomatopoeia, onomatomania
onomy- knowledge of astronomy, taxonomy, anatomy, economy, agronomy
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ontobeing, existence ontology, ontogeny, ontological

-(o)nym namepseudonym, anonymous, caconym, acronym, anonymous
ooegg cell, beginningoocyte, oogenesis, oogonium
opera work opus, operand, operate, operator
operca cover operculum, opercle, opercular, operculate
ophthal- eye ophthalmology, ophthalmic, ophthalmoscope,
ophthalmologist
-opia vision, sight myopia, presbyopia
opinthink opinion, opine, opinionated
-opsisappearance, sight synopsis, macropsia, caryopsis, diposide
-opsy examination biopsy, autopsy
optchoice option, optimal, opt., optative
-opt(i/o)- eye, vision, sightoptometrist, optical, optician,optical illusion
-or one who doctor, operator, accelerator, orator
oramouth, pray oral, orifice, orator, oracle
orbcircle orbit, orbiclate, orbital, orbicularis
orchi(o)- testis orchidectomy, orchitis, orchiotomy
ordino- set in order ordain, order, ordinal, ordinance
ornithbird ornithology, ornithopter, ornithosis
ornoto adorn ornamnet, ornate, adornment, ornamental
ortho- straight, regular, uprightorthopedic, orthodontist, orthodox, orthographic
-ory having the nature of, place laboratory,factory, dormitory, rectory
osbone osteocyte, osteoporosis, osteichthyes, periosteum,
ossify
oscillto swing oscillate, oscillogram, oscilloscope
-ose sugar endingglucose, fructose, deoxiribose, ribose, lactose, sucrose
-osis abnormal condition,state cytosis, prognosis, thrombosis, ostosis, psychosis,
neurosis
of, process of, disease tuberculosis, varicosis, exocytosis, arteriosclerosis
osmsense of smell, odorosmic, osmious, osmium
ossibone ossiferous, ossification, ossify
oste(o)- bone osteal, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteomyelitis,
osteoperosis
ostenexhibit, reality ostensible, ostentatious, ostentation, ostensory
ostimouth, door ostium, ostiary, ostiole, ostiolar, ostium
-ostomy new opening colostomy, ileostomy, osteomate, urostomy
ostraoyster, shell ostracize, ostracod, ostracean, ostracion
otoear otocyst, otology, otoscope, otitis, otomycosis
-otic affected with, producing symbiotic, anabiotic, leukocytotic, psychotic
-otomycut into, incisionlobotomy, tracheotomy
-ous containing, pertaining to dexterous, porous, bulbous, poisonous
ov(i)ovum, egg cell ovary, oviduct, ovule, ovipositor, ovoid,
oval
ox(y)form, oxygen, rust oxidize, deoxyribonucleic acid, oxyhemoglobin,
oxiodic
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
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P
pachythick pachyderma, pachydactyl, pachycarpous, pachyglossal

paleoancient, primitive paleology, paleontology, paleolithic, paleocene
palirepeat, again palisade, palingenesis, palinode
palm hand, a tree Palmae, palmar, palma, palmary, palmaceous
-palpatouch, feel palpate, palpae, palpable
paluda swamp paludal, paludamental, paludism
panall panorama, panacea, pandemic
papillnipple papillae, papilloma, papillary, papescent
parbring forth parent, parturition, parthenogenesis
parabeside, beyond, near parasite, paramedic, paranoid, parathyroid, parabola
parietwall parietal, paries, parietal bone, parietal pericardium
-parousbirth, bearing young oviparous, viviparous, nulliparous, gemmiparous
pateopen, shallow, panpatella, patent, paten, patera, pateriform
paterfather paternal, paternity, paterfamilias
-path(o)- disease pathogenic, pathology,pathogen, psychopath,
pathetic
-pectchest pectoral, pectoralis, expectorate
pedchild, beginningpediatrician, pediatrics, pedigree, pedokinesis,
pedophile
pedogenesis,
-ped(i)- footpedal, bipedal, pedestrian, pinniped, pedipalp,
pedicle, uniped
-peldrive expel, propel, repel
pellskin, pelt pell, pelt, pelage, pellagra, pellicle
pelormonster peloric, peloria, pelorism, peloriate
pelv(i)pelvis, basin pelvimetry, pelvifixation, pelviperitonitis,
pelvilithotomy
peltassmall leather shield peltast, peltry, peltate, peltarion
penapunishment penal, penalize, penalty, penance
-peniadeficiency, lack
leukopenia, neutropenia, pancytopenia
pendto hand appendage, appendix, pendant, dependent, pendicle,
impend
pen(e)(u)- almost peneplain, peninsula, penumbra, penultimate
penetrput within, inner most penetrate, impenetrable, penetralia
pennafeather, wing pennate, impennous, pennigerous, pennant, pennon
pentafive pentamerous, pentose, pentameter, pentagon,
pentadactyl
-peptein digestion pepsin, peptone, eupeptic, dyspeptic, peptogen
perthrough, completely permeable, perjury, perspective, perfuse, perfervid,
perforate
perforbore into, pass through perforate, perforation, perfoliate
periaround, surroundperimeter, periosteum, peritoneum, pericardium,
periodontal
perioda portion of time periodic, periodate, periodicity, periodical,
photoperiodism
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pessimiworst pessimistic, pessimize, pessimal, pessimism, pessimist

petiolfruit-stalk, stem petiole, petiolar, petiolate, petiolaceous
phaclens of eye, lentil phacoid, angiophacus,
phacocele
phaeobrown, dusky, dun pheochrome, Phaeophyta
-phag(o)- eat, swallowphagocyte, phagocytosis, Phytophagous, monophagy
-phageeatermacrophage, bacteriophage, xylophage
phalfingers, toes phalanges, phalanx, phalanger
-phanshow, appear phantom, cellophane, diaphanous, tryptophan
pharmac- drug pharmacy, pharmaceutical, pharming
pharyngthroat pharynx, pharyngeal, pharyngoscope, pharyngotomy
-phasspeech aphasia, aphasy, aphasic, dysphasia, phatic
-phasestage, condition prophase, metaphase, anaphase
phenovisible, show, to shine phenol, phenolphthalein, phenomenon, phenotype,
phenomenal
-phil(o)- love, fondness philosophy, philanthropy, philocalist, pedophile,
hydrophile
philiaattraction to eosinophil, hemophilia, necrophilia
phlebveinphlebitis, phlebology, phlebotomy, phlebosclerosis
phlobtree bark phlobophene, phloem, phlogopite
-phobfear, dislike, aversion claustrophobia, agoraphobia, hydrophobic,
acrophobia
-phon(e)- connected with sound phonetic, telephone, phonograph, microphone,
angiophone
-phore carrier, carry, bearchromatophore, melanophore, gametophore, cytophore
-phoresis transmission, carrying electrophoresis, isotachophoresis
-phoria feeling euphoria, esophoria, phoronomy
phoslight phosphorescent, phosphorus, phosphine
photolight, pertaining to light photosynthesis, phototroph, photograph, photon,
phototropism, photometer, photoperiodism
-phragm- fence diaphragm, phragmocone, phragmospore
phrenmind, nerves phrenic, phrenitis, phrenesiac, phrenalgia, frenzy
phycoseaweed, algae phycology, phycobilin, phycocyanogen, phycomycetes
-phyltribe, class phylum, phylogeny, organophylic
phyllleafchlorophyll, mesophyll, megaphyllous, phyllomorph
physicnature physic, physical, physician
physioproduce, function physiography, physiotherapy, physiocracy, physiognomy
-physischange, growth physique, epiphysis, hypophysis
physoswelling or distention physometra, physocele, physograde, physiotherapy
-phyt(e)- plant phytohormone, phytoplankton, epiphyte,Chlorophyta,
Tracheophyta, phytotoxic, phytochemistry,
phytogenesis
pil(i)hair piliform, pile, pilar, pilous, piliferous
pinnfeather pinniped, pinnate, pinnigrade
pinoto drink pinocytosis
piscifish pisces, piscivorous, piscatory, pisciform, piscinal
placeopacify, quiet placebo, placid, placate, placative
plagiakidnapping plagiarize, plagiarism, plagiarist
plagiosideways, oblique plagiotropism, plagal, plagioclase
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plan(o)flat, moving planogamete, planometer, planoblast, plane, planet,

planaria
-plasiadevelopment, growth achondroplasia, desmoplasia
-plasm(a)- fluid substance, mold,protoplasm, cytoplasm, ectoplasm, plasmolysis,
plasmatic,
form of life plasma lamp, plasma theory, plasmacyte, plasmacytosis
-plast(y)- particle, grandule, chloroplast, leucoplast, cytoplast, plastogamete,
autoplast,
formed, growth, shape neoplasty, thoracoplasty, aplastic, euplastic,
mammaplasty
plat(y)flat, broad platform, plate glass, plateau, platypus,
Platyhelminthes
plaudexpression of praise applaud, plausible, plaudit, laudable, implausible
-plegia paralysis monoplegia, hemiplegia, quadriplegia
-plect to braid, weave, twist plectin, complect, complexion, complex, complexus
pleomore pleopod, pleocytosis, pleochroism, pleomorphism
-plete to fill complete, deplete, countreplete, deplete, replete
plethtoo full, excessive plethora, plethoric, plethysmograph
pleurrib, side pleura, pleurisy, pleuritic
plexinterwoven, to strike plexor, plectrum, pleximeter, perplex, plexiform,
plicato fold, a ridge plica polonica, pliant, compliance, plication
plumfeather plumage, plumose, plume, plumosity
-pne(a/um)-air, lungs, breathe dyspnea, pneumonia, pneumatophore, pneumatic,
apnea
-pod(a)foot, feetgastropod, pseudopod, tripod, arthropod, hexapod,
podium
polaropposite, opposed polarity, Polaris, polarization, polarize, dipolar
poligrey matter, gray polioclastic, poliosis, polio, poliomyelitis
-polis city metropolis, metropolitan, acropolis, astropolis,
necropolis
polymany, much polyhybrid, polypeptide, polysaccharide, polygamy,
polygon
pomknob, fruit pomiferous, pomegranate, pomology, pome, pommel
pons bridge pons, Pons Fabricius, pons asinorum
popupeople, public population, populace, popular, populate, populacy
porchannel, tiny hole pore, porous, porosity, porifera, osteoporosis
portcarry seaport, portable, mediport, portage, portfolio, import,
export
portagate portal, port-of-call, portcullis, portico
-potent power potent, potentate, impotent, omnipotent, equipotent
-posiplace position, deposit, imposition
postafter, behind postnatal, posterior, postpartum, postglacial, posterior
potariver, drink potable, potatory, hippopotamus, potamian, Potameides
praeco- early, premature precocial, precocious, precoces
prebefore, in front ofprenatal, preaxial, premedical, prehistoric, preview,
prediction
-prehendseize, grasp comprehend, apprehend, prehensile
preterpast, beyond, by preternatural, preterhuman, preterist,
preterlegal
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primfirst primary primal, primary, primitive, primacy

-proachnear approach, reproach, unapproachable, reproachful
probefore, first prophase, propel, prognosis, proboscis, proceed
profor, yes pro-choice, protagonist, proton, proportion, pronoun
-proctrectum, anus proctoscope, proctology, proctodaeum
propagmultiply, generate propogate, propagation, propagable, propaganda
propel forward-drive propeller, propellant, propulsion
prosnear, in addition to prosenchyma, prosencephalon
prot(o)first, primary protozoa, protoplasm, prototype, protolithic,
protohuman
proxnear, nextproximal, proxy, approximate, proximity
pseudofalsepseudopod, pseudocoel, pseudomorph, pseudonym
psoraitch, mangepsoriasis, psoric, psoralen
psychmind, mentalpsychology, psychic, psychotic, psychosomatic
pteridfern pteridology, pteridophyte, pteridologist
-pterwing, to fly pterodactyl, macropterous, chiropteran, helicopter,
ornithopter
-ptosis falling, drooping ptosis, blepharoptosis, nephroptosis, apoptosis
puberadult, grown up puberty, puberal, pubescent, puberulent
publipopulace, people public, publication, publicize
puerpchild(birth) puerperal, puerpera, puerperium
pulmolung pulmonay, pulmotor, pulmometer
pulvicushion, swelling pulvinus, pulvillus, pulvinate, pulvinar
pupagirl, doll pupae, pupate, pupation
purgto clean, purify purge, purgatory, purgative
putrrotten, decay putrid, putrefacation, putrefy, putrescence
puknosstrong, thick, dense pyknodysostosis, pyknomorphous, pyknosis
pyelokidney, pelvis pyeloplasty, pyelitis, pyelostomy, pyelonephritis,
pyelogram
pylogate keeper pylon, pylorus, pyloric
-pyopus pyogenic, pyoderma, pyorrhea
pyr(o)fire, fever Pyrrophyta, pyrophobia, pyromaniac, pyrogen, pyrolysis
pythofilth, rot pythocenic, python
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
Q
quadrifour, square quadrangle, quadrilateral, quadruped, quadruplets

qualquality, characteristic quality, qualify, qualitative
quanthow much quantity, quantify, quantum, quantitative
quasito some degree, as if quasi-contract, quasi-stellar, quasi-empiricism, quasar
quartfourth, four quartan, quarter, quartet, quartation, quartile
querto seek, search query, question, quest, inquest, conquest, request,
requisition
quercin oak quercite, quercine, quercetin, quercitron, Quercus
quiet inactive, still, at rest quiet, quiescent, quietus, quietude
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quintquota-
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fifth, five quintuplet, quintet, quinate, quincuncial, quincunx

how many quota, quotient, quotidian, quotennial
R
racem- cluster raceme, racemic, racemiferous, racemiform

rachispine rachiometer, rachitis, rachis, rachilla, rachitic
radiowheel, spoke, ray radial, radiate, radioactive, radiometer, radiochemistry
radix root or point of origin radish, eradicate, radix point
radula scrape radula, radular, radulate, radulated, raduliform
rambranching ramose, ramify, ramification, ramus, ramiform
ranafrog ranarian, ranarium, ranidae
rancstinking, foul smelling rancid, rancor, rancorous
raphsew, stitch, seam raphia, raphe, raffia, raphide, raphis
rapiplunder, to seize rapine, rapinous, rapacious, ravish
-rasscrape, grate rasp, abrasion, abrade, razor
rati(o)- fixed, reason ratio, ration, ratify, rational, rationalize,
reback, again, a newrepeat, report, realign, retract, revise, regain, reflect
recidifall back, back slide recidivate, recidivous, recidivist, recidivation
rectright, straight rectangle, erect, rectify, misdirect, redirect
regnrule, prevail reign, regent, regal, regnant
rejectdeny, back-throw reject, rejectaneous, rejecter, rejectamenta
relatborne-back relate, relative, relativity, relation
relic leave-back, neglect relic, relict, derelict, dereliction
reliev relieve, lessen, light relief, relieve, alleviate
remedy heal-again, cure remedies, remedial, remediate
renkidney renal, reniform, renin, renal gland,
rendre give back render, rendition, surrender, rendering
reptato creep reptile, reptant, reptilian, reptation
rererear, backward arrears, reredemain, reredos, rereign
residremain, left over residual, residue, residuum, residence
resilleap or bounce back resile, resilient, resiliience, resilin, resiliometer
resist withstand, oppose resist, resistance, resistor,
resona- sound again, echo resonance, resonator, resounding
retia net, weblike retina, reticle, retia, retiary, reticulate
retorback-twist retort, retorsion, retortion, retortamonad
retracpull back, draw back retraction, retractile, retreat, retractable
retrobackwards retrorocket, retrospect, retroactive, retrogress,
retrovert
revethrow back the veil reveal, revealable, revelation
revisee again review, revise, revision
rhabdrod, rodlike rhabdomyoma, rhabditis, rhabdocoele, rhabdomancy,
rhabdite
rachspine, backbone rachianesthesia, rachidian, rachopathy, rachilysisrhage
rheocurrent, flow rheostat, rheotaxis, rheoscope
rhin(o)nose, snout rhinoceros, rhinovirus, rhinoplasty
rhiz(o)- root, pertaining to rootsrhizoid, rhizome, rhizopod, rhizocarpous
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rhod(o)- red, rose rhodium, rhododendron, rhodamine, rhodolite

rid(i)joke, laugh, jest, funny riant, rident, ridicule, ridiculous
rigid stiff, fixed, set rigid, rigidity, rigor, rigorous, rigor mortis
roburstrength roborant, robust, roberite
rogare ask, question rogatory, rogation, interrogate,
rostr(a) beak, prow rostral, rostrate, rostrad, rostellum, curvirostral,
serratirostral
rotawheel, circle rotary, rotor, Rotifera, rotation
-rraphy sutureaneurysmorrhaphy
-rrhage break, bursthemorrhage, menorrhagia, mastorrhagia, metrorragia
-rrheaflowing, dischargediarrhea, gonorrhea, menorrhea, seborrhea,
amniorrhea
rubred, rosy rubella, rubeola, ruby, rubescent, rubric
rugoswrinkle rugose, rugulose, rugosity, Rugosa
-ruptbreak, burst rupture, interrupt, abrupt, rout
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
S
sacsack, pouch sack, saccate, sacculus, bisaccate

sacchar- sugar monosaccharide, polysaccharide, saccharide,
saccharine
sacrsacred, holy sacrum, sacrament, sacrifice, saccharoidal
sagacof keen perception sage, sagacity, sagacious, sageness
sagittaarrow sagitta, sagittal, sagittary, sagittarius, sagittate
salsalt saline, salimeter, salicylate
salicwillow salicin, salicaceae, salicylic acid
salivspit, spittle saliva, salivary, salivate, salivation
salpingfallopian tube salpinx, salpingitis, salpingian
saluhealth salute, salubrious, salutiferous
salvwhole, safe salve, salvo, salvation, salvage
sanctholy sanctify, sanctity, sanctuary, sanction, sacrosanct
-sanguiblood sanguine, sanguinolent, sanguicolous, sanguicolous
sanithealth, heal sanitary, sanitize, sanitation, sanitiarian, sanitarium
sapidtaste, flavor savor, sapidity, sapidness, insipid
sapien wise Homo sapien, sapient, savant, sapience
saposoap saponin, saponaceous, saponify, saponic acid,
Sapindaceae
saprorotten, decay saprogenic, saprophyte, saprophagous, saprobe,
sapropel
sarcoflesh sarcophagic, sarcolemma, sarcoma, sarcomere
sarment- prune, runner sarmentum, sarmentose, sarmentaceous
sartortailor, patcher sartor, sartorial, sartorius muscle
-saurlizard like, reptile saurian, dinosaur, Ichthyosaur
saxistone, rock saxicava, saxifrage, saxitoxin, Saxicola, saxicholine
scabirough, itch scab, scabirs, scabicide, scabrous, scabious
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scalaladder, staircase scalar, scalariform, escalade, escalator

scalene- uneven scalene triangle, scalenous, scalenohedron
scandto climb scandent, scandic, scansorial
scapho- hollow, bowl scapha, scaphoid, scaphopod,
scaphocephalic
scatofeces, dung, excrement scatology, scatoma, scatoscopy, scatemia
scene stage scenic, scenery, scenography, scenographer
schizosplit, disunion, cleft schist, schizoid, schophrenia, schizomycetes,
schistorrhachis
sciento know science, scientist, scientific, sciential, omniscience
scissto cut scissel, scission, scissors, scissure
sclera(o)- hard sclera, sclerenchyma, sclerotic, sclerosis, scleroderma,
sclerata,arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis
scolicrooked, curved scoliosis, scoliotic, scoliokyphosis
-scope see, gaze, shadowmicroscope, telescope, periscope, odontoscope
-scopyinspection, exam endoscopy, colonoscopy, proctoscopy, laryngoscopy
scri(b/p) write manuscript, inscription, transcribe, scribble, describe,
perscribe
scrobmarked with pits scrobicula, scrobiculate, scrobiculus
scrutiacareful observation scrutiny, scrutinize, inscrutable, scrutineer, scrutinous
sculpto carve sculpture, sculptor, sculptile, sculpey, scalpel
scutum shield scutate, scutiferous, scutiform, scutelliform
scyph(o)- cup shaped, goblet scyphiform, scyphozoan, scyphozoid, scyphistoma
sebgrease, wax, oil, fat sebaceous gland, sebum, sebacic, seborrher, sebolith
-sectcut, divide dissection, trisect, pinnatisect, sectism, transect,
intersect, section
sedimsettling sediment, sedimental, sedimentary
seismshake seismic, seismograph, seismology
selenmoon selenite, selenium, selenographer
sellasaddle sella turcica, dorsum sellae
semasign semantics, semaphore, semasiology
-semble same, similar, resemble, ensemble, assemble
semihalf, partly semicircle, semilunar, semi-detached, semiconscious,
semiannual
seminsemen, seed seminar, seminal, inseminate
seniold senile, senility, senior, seniority
sen(o)six senary, senocular, senarius
sensfeel, perception sensation, sensitive, sensible, insensitive, insensate,
sensual
sepacovering, apart sepal, sepaloid, sepaline, sepalous, separate
sepsinfection, make putrid sepsis, septicemia, sepsine, asepsis
septseven septuple, septuagenarian, septet, septennial
septwall, division septum, septal, septarium, septate
sequito follow, result sequel, sequential, sequence, consequence, sequacious
serisilk-like serge, sericeous, sericate, sericulture
serobody fluid, liquid serum, serology, serosity, serotherapy
serpencreeping, crawling serpent, serpentine, serpiginous, serpentaria
serrlock, crowd, bind serry, seragilo, serried,
serrat saw-toothed, jagged serrate, serrations, serrulate, sierras, biserrate,
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serratirostral
-sert join assert, insert
sesquione and a half sesquicentennial, sesquiplane, sesquioxide, sesquibasic
-sessisit, perch, attached sessile, session, insessores, insessorial, seance
setahair, bristle setigerous, setiferous, setiform, setaceous,
polysetaceous
sexsix sexpartite, sexennial, sextuplets, sexcuspidate,
sexivalent
-ship rank, quality, conditionscholarship, courtship, penmanship, readership,
professorship
sialosaliva, salivary sialadenitis, sialoquent, sialagogic, sialolith, sialoanitis
sibilathiss sibilate, sibilant, sibilation, sibilance
-siccdry desiccate, exsiccate, desiccant, siccative
sideriron siderocyte, siderography, siderolite, sideropenia
sigma- "S" shaped sigmoid colon, sigmascope, sigma curve
signum sign, signal, symbol sign, signal, signify, signate, signature, sigmoidal
silicifeel strong, flint silica gel, silicon, silicate, silicify, silicosis
siliqpod, husk silique, siliquose, siliquoid, siliquous
silv(sylv)- forest, woods, country silva, silvae, silvanus, sylvan, sylvatic, silvaculture
simiaflat-nosed, monkey simian, simial, simioid, simious
similis alike, analogous similar, simile, facsimilie, simulate, similarity,
similarly
sinistrleft, to the left sinister, sinistral, sinistrose, sinistrotorsian
-sinuwind, bend, suggest sinuate, insinuate, sinuous, sinuosity
siphosiphon, tube siphon, siphonifer, siphonophore, siphuncle,
siphonaptera
-sis state, condition, processhypnosis, psychosis, trichinosis, loganamnosis
-sist stop, stand, delay insist, resist, desist, persist, assist
sitograin, food sitomite, sitophobia, sitology, sitotoxin
skeleton dried bodyexoskeleton, endoskeleton, cytoskeleton
skiashadow sciamachy, sciomancy, skiagraph, skiagram, skiascope
solsun solar, solarize, solarium
solenchannel solenoid, solenaceous, soleniform, solenidae,
solenoconcha
soludissolve solute, solution, insoluble, resolution
-solvto loosen solvent, resolve, absolve, dissolve, solve
soma(t)- bodysomatic, somite, somatoblast, somatogenic,
somatopleure
somn(i)sleepinsomnia, somniferous, somnifacient, somnambulist,
somnolent
-som(e)bodychrososome, centrosome, lysosome, autosome,
monosome
son(a)sound, resonance sonogram, ultrasonic, sonata, sonant, consonant,
sonorous
-sophwise sophomore, philosophy, sophisticated
soporlethargic sleep soporose, soporific, soporiferous, sopor, soporous
-sorbsuck in, swallow absorb, resorb, absorption, sorbability, sorbant
spadibreak, brown color spadix, spadicious, spadicose
-spasm draw, to rend spastic, spasmodic, spasticity, spasmatic, spasmolysis
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spatispace, empty spatial, spacing, spacer

specitype species, speciation, specimen, specialist
-spectto look, beholdspectator, inspect, circumspect, retrospect, prospect,
spectacle
spectro- spectrum spectra, spectroscope, spectrometer, spectrometer
speculspy, look, see speculate, speculum, specular
spelcave, cavern spelian, spelunker, speleology, speleologist
-spendto weigh out, hang expense. suspend, spence, spender
-spermseed, sperm, sowspermatozoa, spermatophore, carposperm
sphena wedge sphenic, sphenodon, sphenoid
sphere sphere, ball spherical, spheroidal, hemisphere, atmosphere
-sphygm- pulse, beat sphygmomanometer, sphygmoid, sphygmus
spicspike, a point spicate, spiculate, spicule, spiculum
spir(o)breathe inspire, respiration, aspirator, expire
spire a coil spiral, spireme, spiriferous, spirillum
splenspleen, rancor splenish, splenic, spleenectomy, splenomegaly
spondylvertebrae spondylalgia, spondylitic, spondylopathy
sponspromise, pledge sponsor, response, spouse, responsible
spontunconstrained, free will spontaneous, spontaneity, spontaneously
-spor(o)- spore, seed sporophyte, sporocyte, macrospore, sporocyst,
sporangium
spumfoam, froth spumid, spumescent, spume, spumoni
squalfoul, dirty squalor, squalid, squalidity, squalidly
squamscale, thin, plate squamous, Squamata, squamal, squamula, squamatic
squarros- spreading at tips, scabby squarrose, squarrulose, squarrous
stabfirm, stable, standing stable, stablize, establish, stability
-stan homeland, country Afghanistan, Pakistan, Frengistan, Bradistan,
Uzbekistan
stagnquiet pool, swamp stagnate, stagnant,stagnation, stanch
stalakto drip, drop stalactite, stalagma, stalagmite, stalactiform
stamen- thread stamen, stamenate, stamina, staminodium
stannitin stannic, stannary, stannite, stannum
stapes stirrup stapedial, stapedectomy, stapediovestibular,
interstapedial
staphylcluster, uvula staphylococcus, staphyloplasty, staphyline,
staphyedema
-stasis control, stop, stationary homeostasis, hemostasis, isostasy, cryostasis, cytostasis
-stat device to check or stop, hemostat, thermostat, static, statute, rheostat,
fungistat
stationary, still barostat
-statobalance, equilibrium statocyst, statoblast, statoscope, stator
staurocross staurolite, stauroscope, staurophyll, staurophobia
-stearfat substance stearate, stearone, stearic, steatoma, steatogenous
stellastar stellar, constellation, stellate
stennarrow, constricted stenophyllous, stenographer, stenosis, stenochoria
-ster person associated with youngster, gangster, songster, mobster
stercofeces stercolith, stercoroma, stercobilin, stercoraceous
stereo3D, solid, firm stereophonic, stereognosis, stereoisomer,
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stereotactic, stereomicroscope
sternobreast sternum, sternocostal, sternoscapular, sternalgia,
sternoid
stethchest stethoscope, stethometer, stethophone
sthenostrength asthenia, sthenic, asthenolith, sthenolagnia
-stigmastain, spot stigmatize, stigmatic, astigmatism
-stilldrip, drop distill, instill, stillicidium, stillicide
stipe stalk, stem, post stipes, stiple, stipellate, stipitate
stoichstep, go stoichiometry, stoichiology, stoichiological,
stoichiometric
stoma(t)- mouth, opening stomata, cytostome, stomatitis, stomach, stomatopod
strabisto squint strabism, strabisum, strabotomy, strabismometer
stranghalter, twisted strangle, strangulated, strangury
stratilayer, spread out stratus, stratum, stratiform, stratocumulus
streptchains, twisted streptococcus, streptomycin, streptomycetes
striagroove, furrow striae, striated, striation, striature
-strictbind, upright, stiff strict, stricture, restriction, constriction
strigscraper, bristle strigose, strigillose, strigate, strigilation
strobtwisting, turn strobic, strobila, strobile, stroboscope
stroma- mattress, bed cover stromatic, stromatolite, stromatin
-struct pile, build upconstruct, obstruct, destruct, structure, restructure
stud(e,i)- be diligent, zeal student, studio, studied, studious
stylpillar, stalk, stemstylopodium, stylus, stylist, stylaster, styloid, styolite
styptic contract styptic, stypticit, stypsis
-suasto advise, agree persuade, suasible, dissuade, suasion, suave
subunder, below, smallersubdermal, subcutaneous, subspecies, submerge,
subset
sublimhigh, lofty, supreme sublime, sublimate, sublimity, sublimable
succujuice succus, succulent, succulous, succulence
sudasweat, perspire sudary, sudarium, sudatory, sudatorium, sudorific
sulcpow, groove, furrow sulcate, sulcus, sulcation, sulciform
super(i)- above, over, upon supercede, superior, superscript, supernatural,
supersonic
supinlying back, downward supine, supinate, supination
supraabove, over, upon suprarenal, supraorbital, supramolecular
supposplace under suppose, supposition, suppository, presuppose
-surgrise surge, insurgent, insurrection
suspenunder-hang suspend, suspension, suspense, suspender
susurrwhisper, rustling susurrant, susurrus, susurrate, susurration
sycofig, lump sycosis, syconium, sycamore, sycophnat
syllabtogether-take syllable, syllabic, syllabus
symwith, together, same symphony, symmetry, sympathy, symbol
symbio- dwell together symbiosis, symbiotic, symbiotically, symbiote, symbiont
sympto- together-fall, coincide symptom, symtomatic, symptomatology, symptomless
synwith, together, united synapse, synergy, synthetic, syndicate, synchronous,
synclitism
syncretism, syncope, syndactyl, syngamy, synod,
synonymous
-synthes- put together, to make synthesis, photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, synthesize
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syrintube, pipe syringe, syrinx, syringomyelia

system together-stand, combine systemic, systematic, systematist, solar system, organ
system
systolcontractionsystole, systolic, diastole, asystole, peristalic
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
T
tabewasting away tabefy, tabes, tabefacation, tabetiform, tabesence

tabulboard, plane surface table, tabular, tabulate, tabloid, tableau
tachyrapid, fast, elevated tachypnea, tachycardia, tachyon, tachhydrite,
hmatachometer
tacitbe silent taciturn, tacitly, tacitness
tacttouch tact, tactile, tactometer, tactual
taenribbon, stretch Taenia, taenidium, taeniafuge, taeniacide
-tail to cut retail, detail, tailor
-tain to hold retain, detain, obtain
taloankle talus, taliped, talipes, talocalcaneal
tangtouch, feel tangible, tangent, tango, intangible, tangency
-tardslow, late tardy, retarded, tardo, tarry, tardive, tardigrade
-tarsankle tarsus, tarsae, tarsum, tarsier, tarsiiformes,
metatarsal
taurobull taurus, taurine, taurobolium, tauriform
tautosame, identical, repeat tautomerism, tautology, tautomeric, tautochrone,
tautonym
taxoarrangement, order taxonomy, taxidermy, taxiarch, taxonomist
-taximovement taxicab, taxiway, geotaxis, phototaxis, taximeter
techn- art, skill technician, technique, technology, technagogy
tegmen- cover tegula, integument, tegular, tegulary
tele- far, distant, long television, telephone, telegraph, telemetry, telekinesis
telo- end, complete telophase, teloblast, teleology, teleost
tellur(o)- earth tellurian, tellurium, tellurous, tellurion
temp- time, state temporal, temper, temperment, tempest
-tempt touch, try taunt, attempt, contempt, tempting
ten- to hold fast tenaul, tenant, tenacious, tenaculum, tenet
-tend(o)- stretch, sinew tendon, tendosynovitis, tendril, tendinous, protend,
protensive, protense, protasis
tenebr- gloomy, dark tenebrous, Tenebrionoidea, tenebrific
tens- tension tense, tensile, tensiometer, intense, tensility
tenui- thin, slender tenuous, tenuity, tenuis
tep(e/i)- warm tepid, tepify, tephrite, tepefacation
ter- three, thrice tertial, tertiary, tercet, tersulphide, ter-tenant
terat- monster, malformedteratology, teratism, teratogen, teratoid, teratoma
teres- round terete, Teres Major, ligamentum teres
terg- the back tergal, tergum, tergiversate, tergiversation
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term- boundry terminal, terminate, terminus

tern- by threes ternay, ternate, ternion, ternately
terra- earth, land terrain, territory, terrarium, terrestrial
terri- frighten, intimidate terrify, terrible terror, terrorist
terti- third, thrice tertiary, tertian, tertial
-test witnessattest, detest, protest, contest
tetan- rigid tetanus, tetany, tetanize
tetra- fourtetrad, tetraploid, tetraspore, tetrapod
text- to weave texture, textile, textual, textbook
-th ordinal number (a noun) tenth, millionth, growth
thalam- chamber, bed thalamus, thalamic, thalamencephalon
thall- undifferentiated shoot thallus, thallophyte, thalloid
-thana- death euthanasia, thanatopsis, thanatos
thec(a)- sheath or case gonotheca, hydrotheca, spermatheca, ootheca
the(o/a)- Godtheology, atheist, polytheist, theogony, thesium,
thearchy
therap- serve, treatment, look at therapy, therapist, therapeutic, theorem, theoretical
therm- heat, body temperaturethermometer, thermodynamics, homeotherm
endothermic, exothermic, hypothermic, thermoreceptor
thigm- touch thigmotropism, thigmotaxis, thigmotropic
thio-compound with sulfur thioacetate, thiocyanate, thionic
thora(c/x)-chest thorax, thoracic, thoracentesis, cephalothorax
thromb- clotthrombus, thrombosis, thrombocyte, thrombin,
thromboid
tinct- stain, color or tint tinct, tincture, tinctorial, tingible
tinea- mouth, worm tineal, tineoid, tineidae
tinni- ringing tinnitus, tingle, tintinnabulation
titan- giant, prodigious size titan, titanic, titanium, titansilicate
-tom(e)cutting, section, part microtome, dermatome, atom, diatom, epitome
-tom(y)cut, cutting, sliceappendectomy, tonsillectomy, anatomy, tracheotomy
-ton(ic/o)- stretched isotonic, hypertonic, tonus, tonic,
topo- surface topography, topographical, topectomy
torsi- twist torsion, torsive, tortuous, torsiometer0.
tox(i)- poisontoxin, toxic, antitoxin, toxemia, toxicology, toxiglossa
trache- (windpipe) tube trachea, tracheal, tracheitis, tracheostomy
tracho- hair, thread, filament trichocyst, trachoma, trachytic, trachyte
-tract- pull, drag, draw attract, tractor, traction, extract, retract, protract
trans- across, over, beyondtransmit, transport, transaction, transducer,
transoceanic
translocation, transfer, transpose, transference
trapez- four-footed, table trapeze, trapezium, trapezoid
trama- wound, injury traumatic, traumatize, traumatropism
tri-three, having three tripod, triglyceride, triploid, tricolor, triptych, triangle
parts tricuspid, triceps, triceratops, trichromic, trinity,
tripod
-tribu- press, tribe, assembly tribune, tribulation, tribunal, retribution
trich-hair, thread, filament trichinid, trichinosis, trichite, schizotrichia, trichotomy
-tripsy crushing lithotripsy,
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trit- rub, worn, frayed trite, trituration, triturate, triturator

trocha- wheel, runner, to run trochelminth, trochanter, trochilus, trochlea, trochoid
-tropeturn toward tropism, phototrophic, geotropism, hydrotropism, trope
-trophfeeding, fed, to eat trophic level, autotroph, heterotroph, trophoblast,
trophallaxis
-tropism movement or growth in phototropism, geotropism, hydrotropism,
thermotropism,
response to a stimulus thigmotropism
-trophydevelopment, nutritionatrophy, dystrophy, trophy
-trud thrust extrude, protrude, intrude, protrusive
trunc- maimed truncate, truncheon, truncated
trypan- borer trypanosome, trypanosomiasis, trypanosoma
tuber- a swelling tuberculosis, protuberant, tubercle, tuberosity
-turb- mob, crowd, muddled turbid, disturb, turbulent
turgid swell turgor, turgidity, turgescent, turgent
twi- two twin, twilight, twice
-ty condition, state of quality, reality
tympan(o)- eardrum, drum tympanic membrane, tympany, tympanum
-typ- style, print type, typography, prototype, atypical
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
U
-ular of, resembling cellular, tubular, singular

-ule small grandule, tubule, vestibule, module
uln- ulna (lower arm) ulna, ulnar, ulnad, ulnaris, ulnoradial
ulti- beyond ultimate, ulterior, ultima, ultimatum
ultra- excessive, extreme ultraviolet, ultrasonic, ultraconservative, ultramarine
ulul- howl ululant, ululation, ululate
umbilic- navel umbilicate, umbical
-umbra- shade, shadow umbrella, umbrage, penumbra, umbral, umbriferous
-un- not, oppositeuncooked, unharmed, unintended, unconstitutional
under- below, incompletelyundercook, underestimate, underage
up- higherupscale, upgrade, update, upheld
undu- a wave undulate, inundate, undulation, unde
ungu- nail, hoof, claw ungulate, ungula, unguis, ungual
uni- one, single unicorn, unicycle, union, unisexual, unilateral, uniped,
unipolar, unicellular, united, uniform,
urb- city urban, suburbs, urbane, urbis
-ura(o)- tail urochordate, uropygial, uropygidium
-ure act, process, condition erasure, judicature, legislature
uro- urine uric, urine, urinal, urology, urochord, urethane, urea
ur- first, original urtext, urheimat
ursa- a she-bear ursa, ursine, ursula, ursiform
urtica- nettle, burn urticarial, urticating, urticaceous
usti(u)- scorch, burn ustion, ustulate, ustulation
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uter- uterus, womb uterus, uterotomy, uteroplacental

uti- fit for use utilize, utensil, utility
usu- use usual, usury, usufruct, usurp
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
V
vacan- empty, quiet vacant, vacancy, vacate, vacation, evacuate

vacc- cow vaccine, vaccinal, vaccination
vacill- waver, fluctuate vacillate, vacillation, vacillatory
vacu- hole, cavity vacuole, vacuous, vacuity, vaccum
-vade to go invade, invasion, evade, invader
vaga- wandering vagus nerve, vagabond, vagrant, vagary, vague
vagin- sheath, cup, inward vaginal, invaginate, vulvovaginitis
vain- empty vain, vanity, vanish, vanishing
-vale- value, worth equivalent, valence, invalid, trivalent, valiant, valid
vall- wall vallation
vallus- valley vallecula, vallecular
valv- shell, door valve, bivalave, univalve, valvate, valvulitis
-varicus straddle prevaricate, divaricate, prevarication
vario- change, bent varicella, variant, varicose veins
vas(o)- vessel vasodilator, vascular, vasomotor
-vec-(veh) to carryvector, vehicle, convection, vehement, convey, invected
velo- speed, swift velocimeter, velodrome, velocipede
velum veil, fleece, covering vellus, veliform, velar, velamen, velarium
ven- veinintraveneous, venipuncture, vena cava, venation, venule
venal- sale, mercenary vendor, venal, venality, vendue
venan- to hunt venison, venatical, venatio
ventr(i)- belly, stomach, venter, ventricle, venricular, ventricose
vert-(vers) to turnconvert, revert, advertise, versatile, vertigo, invert
vera- true verify, veracious, veracity, verdict
verb- word verbal, verbosity, verbatim, verbalize
verd- green verdant, verdure, verditer, verdigris
-verg to incline converge, diverge, divergent
vermi- worm vermin, vermiform appendix, vermifuge, vermicide
verruc- wart verruca, verrucano, verrucose
-vers- turn, different reverse, obverse, transverse, diversely,
direction versatile, universe, version
-vert- to change, turn revert, invert, convert, divert, vertex
vesic- bladder, blister vesicant, vesicoclysis, vesicle, vesicant, vesiculator
-vest- garment, robe vest, vestment, invest, divest, vestry
vestib- cavity, entrance vestibule, vestibular, vestibulotomy
vestig- trace, footstep vestige, vestigial, investigate
via- road, way viaduct, deviate, viatic, viagraph, devious
vibr- shake, vibrate vibrant, vibrato, vibrissa, vibraculum
vice- in place of vicarious, vicar, viceroy, viscarage
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vin- wine, grape vineyard, vintage, vinegar, vinic, vinegerone

-vious characterized by obvious, envious
vir- virus, slime, oozevirulence, virus, virology, virulent
virg- slender as a rod virgate, virgulate, virga, virgin
vis- see vision, visor, visage,
viscero- internal organs visceral, viscera, visceroptosis
vit(a)- lifevital, vitality, vitamins, revitalize
vivi- live, alive viable, revive, vivacious, vivid, vivipara, vivagious
vitr(e)- glass vitreous, vitriform, vitrify, in vitro
vitu- fault vituperate, vitiate, vitiation
-voc- call vocal, revoke, invoke, vocation, vociferate
vola- to fly volant, volatile, volplane, volery
-voli, volo- will volition, malevolent, volitive, volunteer
volt- turn volti, voluble, revolt, voltigeur
-volv- rollinvolve, revolve, evolve, devolve, involute, convolution
-vor(e)- eat, feed, devourcarnivore, herbivore, omnivore, detritivore, voracious
vot- to vow votive, votary, vote, devoted
-vuln- attack, wound vuln, vulnerable, invulnerable, vulnerability
vulp- fox, cunning vulpine, vulpecular, vulpicide
PRS
MEANING
EXAMPLE WORDS
W
-wardin the direction ofskyward, inward, downward, outward, southward

-where location everywhere, nowhere, anywhere, somewhere
-wise direction clockwise, otherwise, profitwise, saleswise
with- together, unitedwithhold, withstand, without, within
X
xanth(o)- yellow xanthophyll, xanthine, xanthophane

xen(o)- stranger, foreigner xenolith, xenogamy, xenophobia
xer(o)- dry, drynessxeric, xerophyte, xeroderma, xerography
xiph- sword shaped xiphoid, xiphoiditis, xiphisternum, xiphiplastron
xylo- wood xylum, xylograph, xylene, xylophone
xys- file, scrape xyst, xysma, xyster
Y
-y condition, quality ofrunny, messy, summary, chilly, sleepy

-yne ending for alkynes
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PRS
MEANING
Page 37 of 37
EXAMPLE WORDS
Z
zeo- boil zeolite, zeoscope, zeolitic, zeocarbon

-zo- animal protozoan, zoology, zooplankton, zoospore, holozoic,
zoomorphic, zoo, Zodiac, zoophyte
zon- girdle, belt zone, zonary, zoned, zonate, zonal
-zygo- united, pair, yoke, tied zygote, zygospore, heterozygous, zygodactyl, zygosis,
together, articulation zygomatic arch
zym- causing to ferment enzyme, zymogen, zymometer, zymotic
NCHS HOME
E-MAIL MRS VILLHAUER
3/15/2012

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Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

awithout, not, noabiotic, asexual, asymmetry, atrophy, aphasia,

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

-ad toward, in thedirectionofcephalad, cycad, triad, monad

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

ankylcrooked, bent, stiff ankylosis, ankylosaur,

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

auriearauricle, auricular, aurilave

bacrod, stick bacteria, Bacillus, bacteriophage

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cac(o)bad cacophony, cacography

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

-ceps head biceps, triceps

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

coccberry coccus, coccidious, streptococcus, coccidium

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

cumupile, heap accumulate, cumulus, cumulative,

dactylfinger, toe, digitpolydactyl, dactylogram, pterodactyl

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

divicut, apart divide, division, dividend, divider

e(c)out of, from, excludeemit, edict, elude, erupt, eccentric, ectopic

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

-eneending for alkenes ethylene, methylene, phenylthalene propene

facimake (easy) facile, facilitate, fascimile

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

-ficmaking, causing scientific, terrific

galamilk-white galaxy, galactagog, galactic

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

ganglia swelling, knot, tumor ganglia, ganglion, gangliated, ganglionic

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

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halsalt halophyte, halitosis, halide, halite, halogen lights

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

more than normal, beyondhyperthermia, hypertension, hyperventilate,

-ia condition, state anoxia, hysteria, hypothermia

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

intrawithin, inside of intracellular, intravenous, intramural, intraocular,

-ject throw, hurl eject, project, projectile, reject, trajectory,

nucleus karyotype, eukaryote, prokaryote

labor, change labile, laboratory, lability

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

-ludplay elude, allude, elusive, ludicrous

macrolarge, enlarged, elongated macroscopic, macrophage, macronucleus,

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

maximany, most, highest maximum, maximal, maxim, maximize,

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

-mobil- movable automobile, immobility, mobility, mobilize, mobile

nano one billionth nanometer

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

obover, toward, against, to observe, obtrude, obstinate

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

ontobeing, existence ontology, ontogeny, ontological

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

pachythick pachyderma, pachydactyl, pachycarpous, pachyglossal

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

pessimiworst pessimistic, pessimize, pessimal, pessimism, pessimist

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

plan(o)flat, moving planogamete, planometer, planoblast, plane, planet,

Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes