52 LEVL FILEMONNAK Joseph A. Fitzmyer S.J.

IRODALOM 1
Benoit P.: Les ptres de saint Paul aux Philippiens, Philemon, aux Colossiens, aux phsiens, SBJ; Paris 19593, 39-46. Caird, G. B.: Paul s Letters !rom Prison, NclarB, O !ord 19"6. Carson, #. $.: "he #pistles o! Paul to the Colossians and Philemon, %&nN%C, Grand 'a(ids 196), 1)3-11*. +rnst, J.: $ie %rie!e an die Philipper, an Philemon&, 'N%, 'e,ens-.r, 19"4, 1*3-139. /riedric0, G.: 12er Brie! an P0ile3on4, $as 'eue "estament deuts(h, G5ttin,en 19"614, 6. *""-*66. Gnil7a, J.: $er Philemon)rie!, #%8N% 1)94, /rei-.r, 196*. :o0se, +.: A Commentary on the #pistles to the Colossians and to Philemon, #er3, P0iladel(0ia 19"1, 165-*)6. $o.le, C. /. 2.: "he #pistles o! Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon, CG%C, Ca3-rid,e 195", 14)149. $;ller J. J.: "he #pistles o! Paul to the Philippians and to Philemon, N<CN%, Grand 'a(ids 1961. Scott +. /.: "he #pistles o! Paul to the Colossians, to Philemon and to the #phesians, $N%C, :ondon 193). St5,er =.: "he #pistle to Philemon, N%S'; Ne> ?or7 19"1, 54-1)). St.0l3ac0er P.: $er %rie! an Philemon, +88N% 16, +insiedeln 19"5. %0o3(son, G. #. P.: "he Letters o! Paul to the #phesians , to the Colossians and to Philemon, CBC, Ca3-rid,e 196", 1"*-19*. $%Sup ". 75t., 1*)4-1*11. *$%Sup, 663. 8;33el: *'" 346-35). @i7en0a.ser A Sc03idt: #'", 4"5-4"9.

BEVEZETS 2
(I) Filemon. = cB3Cett a 7is-DCsiai :&c.s-E5l,& e,&i7 EDrosD-an, EalFsCBnGle, 8olossCH-en HlI !iatal, JF3FdK, 75CtisCteletne7 5rEendI 7eresCtHn& Eolt. PDl Eele e,&;tt 75sC5nti =((iDt LtalDn /ile3on !elesH,eMN Hs =rc0i((osCt La !iK7MN, Hs a 10DCad-an HlI 75C5ssH,et4 L*. E.N. N&ilEDnEalFan /ile3ont PDl tHrBtette 3e, L19. E.N, talDn +!eC.s-an. 3 (II) A levl megrsnak oka s clja. OneCi3osC, a ra-sCol,a 3e,sC575tt, sCD3otteEI 7Drt o7oCEa eCCel ,aCdDJDna7 L11.16N. Oda 3ene7;lt, a0oED PDlt -e-5rt5n5CtH7, talDn aCHrt, 3ert t.dta, 0o,& ,aCdDJa 3il&en na,&ra -ecs;li PDlt. PDlna7 Eala0o,& si7er;lt 3e,oldania, 0o,& 3enedH7et n&KJt0asson ne7i Lld. +. '. Goodeno.,0: +", ** O19*9P 161-163N, 3aJd EH,;l 3e,tHrBtette a 7eresCtHn&sH,re L1a7it -ilincsei3-en ne3Cette34 1)N. =3i7or PDl EH,;l 3e,t.dta, 0o,& OneCi3osC /ile3on ra-sCol,DJa Eolt, elis3erte /ile3on Jo,Dt, Hs K,& d5nt5tt, 0o,& EissCa7;ldi OneCi3osCt L14.16N, -Dr 3a,a 3ellett a7arta tartani, 0o,& se,Btsen aC i,e0irdetHs-en. +,&, aC i!JK Plini.sC0oC Brt 7Ht leEHl0eC 0asonlF leEHl-en L#p. 9,*1 Hs *4N PDl aCHrt 75n&5r,5tt /ile3onna7, 0o,& !o,adJa EissCa a sC575tt ra-sCol,Dt, 13Dr ne3 3int ra-sCol,a, 0ane3Q 3int sCeretett testEHrt4 L16. E.N. +CDltal PDl EalFJD-an arra 7Hrte /ile3ont, 0o,& ne rFJa 7i aCt a sCi,orK -;ntetHst OneCi3osCra, a3it a t5rEHn& en,edHl&eC ne7i Lld. Cole3an-Norton: 1%0e =(ostole Pa.l4 OR 11P 14"-1""; E5. Gnil7a: Philemon)rie!, 54-61N. PDl aCt is 3e,B,Hrte, 0o,& 3e,tHrBti aCt a 7Drt, a3it OneCi3osC o7oCott. =rrFl aCon-an ne3 esi7 sCF, 0o,&an te0etnH eCt 3e, a -5rt5n-Il. PDl toED--D aCt is !elEetette, 0o,& sCeretnH, 0a OneCi3osC EissCatHrne, 0o,& Eele dol,oCCon L*)N. SaJon aCt Hrtette eC alatt, 0o,& /ile3onna7 !el 7ellene sCa-adBtania a ra-sCol,DtM +C -eleHrt0etI. 4 (III) Onezimosz. = 8ol 4,9--Il DltalD-an arra 75Eet7eCtet;n7, 0o,& 7olossCei Eolt. J. 8no LPhilemon amon- the Letters o! Paul, Ne> ?or7 1959N aCon aC DllDs(onton Ean, 0o,& =rc0i((osC ra-sCol,DJa Eolt, a7irIl sCintHn e3lBtHs t5rtHni7 a 8ol 4,1"--en; toED--D 0o,& a 8ol Hs a /ile3 e,& idI-en BrFdott, Hs a /ile3 t.laJdon7H((en a 1laodBceaia7 leEele4L8ol 4,16N. /ile3on (edi, e EDros la7osa, a7ine7 PDl aCHrt 7;ldte eCt a leEelet, 0o,& !el0asCnDlJa /ile3onna7 a 7olossCei =rc0i((osC !eletti -e!ol&DsDt. SH,;l 8no aCt DllBtJa, 0o,& OneCi3osC se,BtI7Hnt EissCatHrt PDl0oC, 3aJd +!eC.s (;s(57e lett Lld. <,n. #!. 1,3A6,*N, Hs 7ie3el7edI sCere(et JDtsCott PDl leEeleine7 7or(.ssCD EalF 5ssCe,&GJtHsH-en. +nne7 aC .tolsF DllBtDsna7 Ean Eala3enn&i EalFsCBnGsH,e, de 0i(otHCisHne7 t5--i rHsCe 3e,le0etIsen in,ata,. Ne3 EalFsCBnG, 0o,& a 8ol-t Hs a /ile3-t e,& idI-en BrtD7; 1le,alD-- 15 HE telt el 75C5tt;74 LJ. Gnil7a: Philemon)rie! 5; R 54:"N. = /ile3 1-4 -Dr3il&en 0a,&o3Dn&os olEasatDna7 !i,&ele3-e 7ell aCt Eennie, 0o,& /ile3ont tartJD7 OneCi3osC ,aCdDJDna7, Hs 0o,& aC e. sC.

3Dsodi7 sCe3Hl&G !or3a L*.4N /ile3onra .tal. <s3Htle3, ne3 Brt Eolna PDl il&en ,&en,Hden OneCi3osCrFl a /ile3--an, csa7 aCHrt, 0o,& arra 7Hn&sCerBtse 3a,Dt =rc0i((osCt LnHE sCerintN e,& 3Dsi7 n&ilEDnos leEHl-en L8olN, 0o,& 1telJesBtsd a sCol,Dlatot, a3it 7a(tDl aC Tr-an4, ti. OneCi3osC !elsCa-adBtDsDt Lld. /. /. Br.ce: %J,L 46 O1965-1966P 91-96. :o0se: Colossians and Philemon, 16616"N. 5 (I ) A szerkesz!s i"eje s #el$e. $ar7iFntFl 7eCdEe a /ile3 (Dli 0itelessH,e DltalD-an el!o,adott; nincs o7, 0o,& 3e,7HrdIJeleCC;7. PDl !o,sD,-Fl Brta a /ile3-t L1.9-1).13.*3N, de sCinte le0etetlen 3e,3ondani, 0o,& 3el&i7 !o,sD,rFl Ean sCF. = 0a,&o3Dn&os nHCet sCerint L3el&et na(Jain7-an @. Bieder, /. /. Br.ce, C. /. 2. $o.le Hs 3Dso7 7H(Eiselne7N a rF3ai 0DCi IriCetrIl Ean sCF L8r... 61A63N. NH0Dn& 7o33entDtor aCon-an a caesareai !o,sD,ot L$. 2i-eli.s, #. GreeEenN rHsCesBti elIn&-en, Ea,&is 7-. 8r... 56A6). =C .tF--i idI-en a 7o33entDtoro7 aCt aC el7H(CelHst tD3o,atJD7, 3el& sCerint PDl e!eC.si !o,sD,DrFl Ean sCF LR "9:4)N, 7-. 8r... 56A5" LB,& G. =. 2eiss3ann, G. /riedric0, J. Gnil7a, +. :o0se, Hs 3Dso7N. +Cen .tolsF EHle3Hn&ne7 aC elIn&e aC, 0o,& /ile3ont L8olossCeN Hs PDlt L+!eC.sN elHr0etI tDEolsD,on -el;l tartJa L7-. 3)) 73N. PDlna7 arra a terEHre is 75nn&e--en ad 3a,&arDCatot, 0o,& 3e,lDto,atJa /ile3ont L**. E.N, a3el& a rF3ai-0i(otHCis esetH-en ne0HCsH,et o7oC. % ( ) &elen!'sge. = rH,i 7o33entDtoro7 csodDl7oCta7, 0o,& e,& 3a,DnleEHl, a3el& 7eEHs (asCtorDlis Eonat7oCDssal -Br, 7anoni7.ssD EDl0atott Lld. SCent Jero3os: *n #p. Ad Philem., (rol.; P: *6. 63"N. 2e a /ile3-t ne3 csa7 /ile3onna7 cB3eCtH7, 0ane3 3Dso7na7 is, (HldD.l a csalDde,&0DCna7. #a PDl ne3 is 0iEat7oCi7 a(ostoli te7intHl&Hre, 0o,& en,edel3essH,et 75EetelJen /ile3ontFl L6. E.N, sCe3-esBti It a sCeretet 75Eetel3Hn&HEel L6-11.*1. E.N. =nna7 ellenHre, 0o,& a /ile3 7;lsI Jelle,e sCerint e,& ol&an leEHl, a3i e,& 3a,Dn;,,&el !o,lal7oCi7, 7H(Eisel e,& ol&an 3a,atartDst is a ra-sCol,asD, !elH, a3i 3HltF a 7eresCtHn&e7 !i,&el3Hre. +lsIsor-an !eltDrJa PDl lel7i(DsCtori Hs e,&-en 3ele,sCBEG sCeretetHt OneCi3osC irDnt. $Dsodsor-an aCDltal, 0o,& PDl EissCa7;ldi It /ile3on0oC, ne3 (rF-DlJa 3e, 3e,EDltoCtatni a 3e,lHEI tDrsadal3i rendet. = 3odern 7eresCtHn&e7 EissCa.tasBtJD7 a ra-sCol,asD, esC3HJHt, de eC aC ered3Hn& talDn a--Fl aC elE-Il !eJlId5tt 7i, a3el&et PDl e--en a leEHl-en (rF-Dl tD3o,atni, 3i75C-en !elis3eri, 0o,& Hrtel3etlen a ra-sCol,asD, intHC3Hn&Hne7 elt5rlHsHEel (rF-Dl7oCni. #ar3adsor-an PDl saJDt 3e,oldDsa aC Eolt, 0o,& Dtala7Btsa, Ea,& -ensIEH te,&e a tDrsadal3i rendsCert; eC e3lH7eCtet aC 18or ",**-re Hs 1*,13-ra. =rra 5sCt5nCi /ile3ont, 0o,& K,& !o,adJa EissCa OneCi3osCt, 3int 1testEHrt4, 3iEel I 3Dr 1aC Tr sCa-adosa4 L18or ",**N, 7;l5n5sen anna7 !Hn&H-en, a3it PDl a Gal 3,*"-*6--an tanBt. SIt, -Dr eC a 7HrHs 1a sCeretetnHl !o,Ea4 L9N lett, 3H,is sCDCado7-a tellett, a3B, a (Dli elE ,&a7orlattD EDlt, 3H, a 7eresCtHn& N&-on is. +Cen elE ala(JDn a /ile3 in7D-- 1a(ostoli irat4 e,& 3a,DnsCe3Hll&el 7a(csolat-an Lld. U. @ic7ert: .'/ 5* O1961P *3)-*36N. ( ( I) A levl szerkeze!e. = /ile3 a 75Eet7eCI7H((en ta,ol0atF:
L<N BeEeCetHs: CB3CHs Hs ;dE5Clet L1-3N. L<<N #DlaadDs: 85sC5net <stenne7 /ile3on 0itHHrt Hs sCeretetHHrt L4-"N. L<<<N 8HrHs /ile3on JFind.latD0oC, 0o,& !o,adJa EissCa OneCi3osCt, Hs .talDs arra, 0o,& a ra-sCol,a 3il&en 0asCnos PDl sCD3Dra L6-*)N. L<SN Be!eJeCHs: SH,sI intHC7edHse7, ;dE5Clete7 Hs DldDs L*1-*5N.

KOMMENTR )
(I) *eveze!s+ ,mzs s -"v.zle! (1/3). 1. a0i !o-oly1 PDl ne3 a(ostol7Hnt Br, 3int a 'F3-an, 1-*8or--an, Ea,& Gal--an; nDla alacson&a-- rendG7Hnt !ord.l /ile3on0oC Lld. 9-1)N. "im2teus1 PDl tDrsa a leEHl el7;ldHsH-en; ld. /il 1,1; *8or 1,1. 2. Ar(hipposz1 :d. 8ol 4,1"; Nincs n&ilEDnEalF o7, a3iHrt OneCi3osC ,aCdDJDna7 tart0atnDn7. 3. 0e-yelem s )0ess-1 R 45:6=. 0 (II) 1laa"s+ 2.sz.ne! Is!ennek Onezimosz #i!r! s szere!e!r! (4/(). 5. az 3sszes szent1 :d. a /il 1,1 7o33entDrJDt. %. ho-y hited ltal a 03z3ss- nyil4n4al24 4lt1 = 7i!eJeCHs Hrtel3e 0o3Dl&os; a 7;l5n-5CI Hrtel3eCHsi le0etIsH,e7et ld. $o.le: Colossians and Philemon 14*143. T,& lDtsCi7, 0o,& ann&it Jelent: PDl aCHrt i3Dd7oCi7, 0o,& a /ile3onnal EalF sColidaritDs HrCHse a 8risCt.s-a Eetett 0it Dltal ter3H7en&e-- le,&en 3indanna7 a JFna7 a 3Hl&e-- is3eretH-en, a3it a 1sCente74 7a(na7 aCDltal, 0o,& 8risCt.s-an e,& testet al7otna7 LR 6*:116A1*"N. +C ol&an 0it, a3i teEH7en& sCeretetet 7BEDn L/ile3 5; E5. Gal 5,6N. 13 (III) 2rs Filemon j4in"5la!#oz6 #og$ 7oga"ja vissza Onezimosz!6 s 5!als arra6 #og$ a ra8szolga mil$en #asznos 9l szmra ()/23). ). PDl ne3 75Eetel en,edel3essH,et /ile3ontFl, 0ane3 sCeretetH0eC Hs JFind.latD0oC !ol&a3odi7. 0. az 3re- Pl1 $inden 7HCirat pres)yts57Hnt olEassa, 3el&ne7 JelentHse 1idIse-- e3-er4, 5) Hs 6) HEes 7or 75C5tt LR "9:14N; E5. :7 1,16. PDl aC

idIse-- Jo,Dn 75C-enJDr a !iatal /ile3onnDl. NH0Dn& 7o33entDtor aCon-an elIn&-en rHsCesBti a pres)euts olEasatot, 8risCt.s 175EetHEH4 tHEe eCDltal PDlt LE5. *8or 5,*)N, Ea,& ra,asC7odna7 a00oC aC el7H(CelHs0eC, 0o,& 3a,a a pres)yts eCt is Jelenti Lld. *$a7 11,34N. 2e e--en a sC5Ee,75rn&eCet-en eC aC JelentHse ne3 EalFsCBnG Lld. G. Born7a33: "$'" 6. 75t., 663N. 13. !iamrt& a0it )ilin(seim)en nemzettem1 PDl OneCi3osC 3e,tHrHsHre .tal LE5. 18or 4,15.1"; Gal 4,19N. +,& 3Dsi7 le0etsH,es !ordBtDs: 1a7it OneCi3osC7Hnt ne3Cette34, sCFJDtH7 a ra-sCol,a neEHEel, 3iEel aC 6nesimos 1#asCnos Sala7i4 JelentHse ellentHt-en Dll aC a(hrstos, 0asContalan 3ellH7nHEEel L11. E.N. PDl -.r7oltan arra .tal, 0o,& eC a ra-sCol,a, a7i 3ost 3Dr 7eresCtHn&, a neEHne7 3e,!elelIen Hl. +,& 3Dsi7 sCFJDtH7 a nHEEel, a3el& 3a,Dt /ile3ont is -eEonJa, a *). Eers-en talDl0atF. 14. de elhatrozsod nl07l1 PDl elis3eri a ,aCda Jo,Dt a ra-sCol,a !elett, de cHloC arra, 0o,& sCeretnH, 0a OneCi3osC EissCatHrne, Hs Eele dol,oCna Lld. *1. E.N. 15. mind3r30re1 = 0atDroCFsCF Hrtel3e 7ettIs. OneCi3osC ,ondEiselHssCerG 7;l5nHlHse /ile3ontFl aCt Jelenti, 0o,& 3ost 0GsH,ese--en tHr EissCa, 3int -Dr3i7or, de PDl a 75Ct;7 lHtreJ5tt KJ 7a(csolatra is .tal. $ost 3Dr 3ind7etten 7eresCtHn&e7, B,& ol&an 3Fdon 7a(csolFdna7 e,&3Ds0oC, 0o,& aCt a 0alDl se3 7H(es !el-ontani. 1%. test4rt1 OneCi3osC aCHrt testEHr, 3ert /ile3on0oC 0asonlFan L*). E.N a 7eresCtsH, Dltal <sten !o,adott ,&er3e7HEH lettLGal 4,5; 'F3 6,15N. 10. n, Pl sa8t 0ez9le- :rom1 :e0etsH,es, 0o,& a r5Eid leEHl e,HsCHt LR 45:*)N. 11 (I ) *e7ejezs+ gs' in!zke"sek6 -"v.zle!ek s l"s (21/25). 21. te t3))et is !o-sz tenni, annl, amit 0re01 SaJon aCt 7Hri PDl /ile3ontFl, 0o,& sCa-adBtsa !el OneCi3osCtM CHloC arra, 0o,& /ile3onna7 EissCa 7ellene en,ednie It, 0o,& Eele dol,oCCon. 22. PDl re3Hn&7edi7 a--an, 0o,& 0a3arosan sCa-adon en,edi7 a !o,sD,-Fl. 23. #pa!rsz, ;r0, Arisztar(hosz, $msz s Lu0(s1 :d. 8ol 4,1)-14. 25. :d. a Gal 6,16 3a,&arDCatDt.
LCole3an-Norton, P. '.: 1%0e =(ostle Pa.l and t0e 'o3an :a> o! SlaEer&4, Study in ,oman #(onomi( and So(ial +istory O/est. =. C. Jo0nsonP Princeton 1951, 155-1"". Preiss, %.: Li!e in Christ, SB% 13, :ondon 1954, 3*-4*. 'ollins, @. G.: 1SlaEer& in t0e N%4, *$%Sup, 63)-63*. @ester3ann, @. :.: "he Sla4e Systems o! <ree0 and ,oman Anti=uity, P0iladel(0ia 1955, 15).N