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Program Description:
"BEAMANAL" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of either single-span or continuous-span beams subjected to virtually any type of loading configuration. Four (4) types of single-span beams and two (2) through (5) span, continuous-span beams, considered. Specifically, beam end reactions as well as the maximum moments and deflections are calculated. Plots of all of the diagrams are produced, as well as a tabulation of the shear, moment, slope, and deflection for the beam or each individual span. Also, for structural steel single-span beams an AISC 9th Edition (ASD) Code check can be performed for X-axis bending and shear. This program is a workbook consisting of four (4) worksheets, described as follows:
Worksheet Name
Doc Single-Span Beam Single-Span Beam & Code Check Continuous-Span Beam
Description
This documentation sheet Single-span beam analysis for simple, propped, fixed, & cantilever beams Single-span beam analysis and AISC 9th Ed. Code Check for X-axis bending Continuous-span beam analysis for 2 through 5 span beams
Formulas Used to Determine Shear, Moment, Slope, and Deflection in Single-Span Beams For Uniform or Distributed Loads: Loading functions for each uniform or distributed load evaluated at distance x = L from left end of beam: FvL = -wb*(L-b-(L-e)) + -1/2*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((L-b)^2-(L-e)^2)+(we-wb)*(L-e) FmL = -wb/2*((L-b)^2-(L-e)^2) + -1/6*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((L-b)^3-(L-e)^3)+(we-wb)/2*(L-e)^2 FqL = -wb/(6*E*I)*((L-b)^3-(L-e)^3) + -1/(24*E*I)*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((L-b)^4-(L-e)^4)+(we-wb)/(6*E*I)*(L-e)^3 FDL = -wb/(24*E*I)*((L-b)^4-(L-e)^4) + -1/(120*E*I)*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((L-b)^5-(L-e)^5)+(we-wb)/(24*E*I)*(L-e)^4 Loading functions for each uniform or distributed load evaluated at distance = x from left end of beam: If x >= e: Fvx = -wb*(x-b-(x-e)) + -1/2*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((x-b)^2-(x-e)^2)+(we-wb)*(x-e) Fmx = -wb/2*((x-b)^2-(x-e)^2) + -1/6*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((x-b)^3-(x-e)^3)+(we-wb)/2*(x-e)^2 Fqx = -wb/(6*E*I)*((x-b)^3-(x-e)^3) + -1/(24*E*I)*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((x-b)^4-(x-e)^4)+(we-wb)/(6*E*I)*(x-e)^3 FDx = -wb/(24*E*I)*((x-b)^4-(x-e)^4) + -1/(120*E*I)*(we-wb)/(e-b)*((x-b)^5-(x-e)^5)+(we-wb)/(24*E*I)*(x-e)^4 else if x >= b: Fvx = -wb*(x-b) + -1/2*(we-wb)/(e-b)*(x-b)^2 else: Fvx = 0 Fmx = -wb/2*(x-b)^2 + -1/6*(we-wb)/(e-b)*(x-b)^3-(x-e)^3 else: Fmx = 0 Fqx = -wb/(6*E*I)*(x-b)^3 + -1/(24*E*I)*(we-wb)/(e-b)*(x-b)^4 Fqx = 0 else: FDx = -wb/(24*E*I)*(x-b)^4 + -1/(120*E*I)*(we-wb)/(e-b)*(x-b)^5 F Dx = 0 else: For Point Loads: Loading functions for each point load evaluated at distance x = L from left end of beam: FvL = -P FmL = -P*(L-a) FqL = -P*(L-a)^2/(2*E*I) FDL = P*(L-a)^3/(6*E*I) Loading functions for each point load evaluated at distance = x from left end of beam: If x > a: Fvx = -P else: Fmx = -P*(x-a) else: Fqx = -P*(x-a)^2/(2*E*I) else: FDx = P*(x-a)^3/(6*E*I) else: For Applied Moments: Loading functions for each applied moment evaluated at distance x = L from left end of beam: FvL = 0 FmL = -M FqL = -M*(L-c)/(E*I) FDL = M*(L-c)^2/(2*E*I) Loading functions for each applied moment evaluated at distance = x from left end of beam: If x >= c: Fvx = 0 else: Fmx = -M else: Fqx = -M*(x-c)/(E*I) else: FDx = M*(x-c)^2/(2*E*I) else:
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 (continued)
Formulas Used to Determine Shear, Moment, Slope, and Deflection (continued) Initial summation values at left end (x = 0) for shear, moment, slope, and deflection: Simple beam: Vo = Mo = qo = Do = Propped beam: Vo = Mo = qo = Do = Fixed beam: Vo = Mo = qo = Do = Cantilever beam: Vo = Mo = qo = Do =
-1/L*S(FmL) 0 1/L*S(FDL)+L/(6*E*I)*S(FmL) 0
-3*E*I/L^3*S(FDL)-3*E*I/L^2*S(FqL) 0 3/(2*L)*S(FDL)+1/2*S(FqL) 0
-12*E*I/L^3*S(FDL)-6*E*I/L^2*S(FqL) 6*E*I/L^2*S(FDL)+2*E*I/L*S(FqL) 0 0
0 0 -S(FqL) -S(FDL)-L*S(FqL)
Summations of shear, moment, slope, and deflection at distance = x from left end of beam: Shear: Moment: Slope: Deflection: Vx = Mx = qx = Dx = Vo+S(Fvx) Mo+Vo*x+S(Fmx) qo+Mo*x/(E*I)+Vo*x^2/(2*E*I)+S(Fqx) -(Do-qo*x-Mo*x^2/(2*E*I)-Vo*x^3/(6*E*I)+S(FDx)
Reference: "Modern Formulas for Statics and Dynamics, A Stress-and-Strain Approach" by Walter D. Pilkey and Pin Yu Chang, McGraw-Hill Book Company (1978)
"Three-Moment Theory" Used for Continuous-Span Beam Analysis: The "Three-Moment" Equation is valid for any two (2) consecutive spans as follows: Ma*L1/I1+2*(Mb)*(L1/I1+L2/I2)+Mc*L2/I2 = -6*(FEMab*L1/(6*I1)+FEMba*L1/(3*I1))-6*(FEMbc*L2/(3*I2)+FEMcb*L2/(6*I2)) =-(FEMab+2*FEMba)*L1/I1-2*(FEMbc+FEMcb)*L2/I2 where: Ma = internal moment at left support Mb = internal moment at center support Mc = internal moment at right support L1 = length of left span I1 = moment of inertia for left span L2 = length of right span I2 = moment of inertia for right span FEMab = total Fixed-End-Moment for left end of left span FEMba = total Fixed-End-Moment for right end of left span FEMbc = total Fixed-End-Moment for left end of right span FEMcb = total Fixed-End-Moment for right end of right span N = actual number of beam spans "Dummy" spans are used to model the left end and right end support conditions for the beam. A pinned end is modeled as a very flexible span (very long length and very small inertia). A fixed end is modeled as a very stiff span (very short length and very large inertia). Thus, the theoretical number of spans used is = N + 2. By writing an equation for each pair of consecutive spans and introducing the known values (usually zero) of end moments, a system of (N+1) x (N+1) simultaneous equations can be set up to solve for the unknown support moments.
Note:
Reference: AISC Manual of Steel Construction - Allowable Stress Design (ASD) - 9th Edition (1989), page 2-294
Subject: Originator:
c
Simple Beam ft. ksi in.^4 Fixed Beam Propped Beam
Checker:
Beam Data: Span Type? Simple Span, L = 20.0000 Modulus, E = 29000 Inertia, I = 391.00 Beam Loadings: Full Uniform: w = 0.0500 Distributed:
#1: #2: #3: #4: #5: #6: #7: #8:
b a +P +wb
+M
+we +w
E,I
Cantilever Beam kips/ft.
L x RR
RL
Nomenclature
End
Start
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
Results: Reactions: RR = 10.50 k MR = N.A. Maximum Moments: @x= 102.50 ft-k @x= 0.00 ft-k Maximum Deflections: @x= -0.524 in. @x= 0.000 in. L/458
10.50 k N.A. 10.00 ft. 0.00 ft. 10.00 ft. 0.00 ft.
Point Loads:
#1: #2: #3: #4: #6: #7: #8: #9: #10: #11: #12: #13: #14: #15: #5:
a (ft.) 10.0000
P (kips) 20.00
Shear Diagram
15.0
10.0
Shear (kips)
5.0
0.0 0.80 1.60 3.20 4.00 5.60 7.20 8.00 9.60 11.20 12.00 13.60 14.40 16.00 17.60 18.40 20.00 20.00
0.00 2.40 4.80 6.40 8.80 10.40 12.80 15.20 16.80 19.20 19.20
-5.0
-10.0
-15.0
x (ft.)
120.0
Moment Diagram
Moment (ft-kips)
100.0
80.0
Moments:
#1: #2: #3: #4:
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 10.40 11.20 12.00 12.80 13.60 15.20 16.80 18.40
14.40 16.00 17.60
0.00
1.60
3.20
4.80
6.40
7.20
8.00
8.80
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9.60
0.80
2.40
4.00
5.60
x (ft.)
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SINGLE-SPAN BEAM ANALYSIS and AISC 9th Ed. ASD CODE CHECK
Job Name: Job Number: Input Data: Beam Data: Span Type? Simple Span, L = 20.0000 ft. Modulus, E = 29000 ksi Inertia, Ix = 675.00 in.^4 Beam Size = MC18x58 Yield, Fy = 50 ksi Length, Lb = 1.0000 ft. Coef., Cb = 1.00 Beam Loadings: Full Uniform: w = 0.0500 Distributed:
#1: #2: #3: #4: #5: #6: #7: #8:
For Simple, Propped, Fixed, or Cantilever Beams Using AISC W, S, C, or MC Shapes Subjected to X-Axis Bending Only Subject: Originator: Checker:
c e
Simple Beam Propped Beam Fixed Beam
Cantilever Beam
Nomenclature
kips/ft.
Start
End
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
we (kips/ft.)
Point Loads:
#1: #2: #3: #4: #5: #6: #7: #8: #9:
a (ft.) 10.0000
P (kips) 20.00
Moments:
#1: #2: #3: #4:
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
Results: End Reactions: RL = 10.50 MxL = N.A. Maximum Moments: +Mx(max) = 102.50 -Mx(max) = 0.00 Maximum Deflections: -D(max) = -0.303 +D(max) = 0.000 D(ratio) = L/791 AISC Code Check for X-Axis Bending: Lc = N.A. ft. Lu = 4.86 ft. Lb/rt = N.A. fbx = 16.40 ksi Fbx = 30.00 ksi Mrx = 187.50 ft-kips S.R. = 0.547 = fbx/Fbx AISC Code Check for Gross Shear: fv = 0.83 ksi Fv = 20.00 ksi S.R. = 0.042 = fv/Fv
kips ft-kips
RR = MxR =
10.50 N.A.
kips ft-kips
ft-kips ft-kips
@ @
x= x=
10.00 0.00
ft. ft.
in. in.
x= @x=
@
10.00 0.00
ft. ft.
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For Two (2) through Five (5) Span Beams With Pinned or Fixed Beam Ends Subject: Originator: 20.00 1.00
Checker:
c e a +P
+M +wb
+we +w
Span #1
Span #2
Span #3
Span #4
Span #5
E,I VL x
L VR
Span and Support Nomenclature Span Data and Loadings: Span Data: Span, L = Inertia, I = Full Uniform: w=
Start
Summary of Results for Entire 2-Span Beam: Support Moments: Support Reactions: M1 = R1 = 0.00 ft-kips 3.75 M2 = -12.50 ft-kips R2 = 12.50 M3 = R3 = 0.00 ft-kips 3.75 M4 = R4 = --ft-kips --M5 = R5 = --ft-kips --M6 = R6 = --ft-kips --Maximum Moments in Beam: +M(max) = @x= 7.03 ft-kips 6.25 -M(max) = -12.50 ft-kips @x= 10.00 Maximum Deflections in Beam: -D(max) = -0.003 in. @x= 4.20 +D(max) = @x= 0.000 in. 0.00 D(ratio) = L/37500 Span #4 Span #5
kips kips kips kips kips kips ft. (Span #2) ft. (Span #1) ft. (Span #1) ft. (Span #1)
Span #3
End
Start
End
Start
End
Distributed:
#1: #2: #3: #4: #5: #6: #7: #8:
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
we (kips/ft.)
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
we (kips/ft.)
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
we (kips/ft.)
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
we (kips/ft.)
b (ft.)
wb (kips/ft.)
e (ft.)
we (kips/ft.)
Ta
Point Loads:
#1: #2: #3: #4: #5: #6: #7: #8: #9: #10: #11: #12: #13: #14: #15:
a (ft.)
P (kips)
a (ft.)
P (kips)
a (ft.)
P (kips)
a (ft.)
P (kips)
a (ft.)
P (kips)
Moments:
#1: #2: #3: #4:
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
c (ft.)
M (ft-kips)
0.00
kips
0.00 -3.75 k
ft-kips
0.00
kips
0.00
ft-kips
-6.25 k
---
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