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Algebra
Chapter 3 Rational Algebraic Expressions.
Exercise 3.1
1. Which of the following are rational algebraic expressions?
(i)
x3 + 3x2 + 2
(ii) x3 + 3xz
x2 + 1
2x 3
(iii)

a2 5a + 6
(a 3) (a 1)

(v)

x2 + 4x +
x+

(vii) x2 +
x+4

-------------- 1

(iv) x2 - 5 + 6
x+2
(vi) 3y2 2y - 1
1
(viii)

1
------------x2 5x +1

2. Determine whether the rational algebraic expressions given in the following

table are meaningful for the values of the variables given against them.
Sr. No.

Algebraic
Expression

(i)

Values of the
Variables
x = 1, y = 2

(ii)

x = -3

(iii)

m=5

(iv)

x=0

Meaningful /
meaningless

(v)

y=-

(vi)

x=5

(vii)

x = 1 and y = 1

Exercise 3.2
Simplify the following algebraic expressions.
1. 14x2y3z
2.
4x2 9y2
35x4y2
(2x+3y)(4x 9y)
3. 3x3 24
x2 + 3x 10

4.

5. (x -2) (x2 x 6)
(x - 3) (x2 x - 2)

6.

7. 7x2 + 7x - 84
21x2 189

8.

6x2-13x + 6
3x2 + x - 2

9. 4x2 13x + 3
4x - 1

10.

16y2 (y2 5)2

4y + 5 y2

11. (y2 4) (y2 + 8y + 7)

(y + 2) (y2 + 6y 7)

12.

2x4 + 2x
x3 x 2 + x

13. x4 13x2 + 36
x3 x2 - 6x

14.

(x + 3)(x2 + 8x + 15)
(x 2) (x2 + 6x + 9)

27y3- 8
9y2 + 6y + 4

16.

2x3 9x2 + 10x - 3

2x3 + 3x2 8x + 3

15.

8x5 - 8x
(2x2 + 2) (4x + 4)
x2 + 5x + 6
x2 + 7x + 10

Exercise 3.3
Simplify the following algebraic expressions.
1. x 5 + 3x + 11
2x+ 3
2x + 3

2.

y2
y+3

3. 4x
x1

4.

m
mn

5.

- x+1
x- 1

x3
x2 2xy + 4y2

6. 5x + 8
x2 9

- 3x + 2
x2 9

6y +
y+3
-

9
y+3

n
mn

8y3
x2-2xy + 4y2
7.

8. x + y
xy
x- y - x+y
10.

3x + 1
2x 7

9. 1- x +

3x 6 - x + 4
x2 - 5x+6
x2+2x-8

3+x 2x 7

18
2x - 7

x2
1+x

11.

m+3 +
m2+4m+3

m+2
m2+m 2

12. x2 4
x2+4x+4

x2 2x 3
x+1

13.

m - n
- 2mn
mn
m+n
m2 n2

14.

4y
2
x 16y2

15.

x2 + 2x + 3
x2 1

16.

x
x + 4y
x2
x2 y2

y
yx

18. y2 3y + 2
y2 5y + 4

+ y2 5y + 6
y2 9y +20

20.

2x
2x y

y
2x + y

x-4
x+1
x2 x + 1
x3 + 1

17.

x - 3
2
x 4x + 3

19.

1 - 1
x1
x+1

4xy
4x2 y2

2
x2 + 1

Exercise 3.4 A
1. Simplify the following :
(i)

6x2y3z
6z2

10z2
12xy2

(ii)

x2 y2
xy

x
x+y

(iii)

x2 2x -15
x2 + x 12

x2 + 3x 18
x2 + x 30

(iv)

x2 y2
x2 xy + y2

x3 + y3
x2 + 2xy + y2

(v)

x3 + 8
x2 4

x2 6x + 8
x2 2x + 4

(vi)

(x 1)2
x2 1

x2 - 9
4x2 16x + 12

(vii) m2 + 2m 15
m2 25

m2 2m - 15
m2 m 6

x2 7x + 12
x2 16

x2 2x - 24
x2 2x 3

6y2 + y - 1
3y2 13y + 4

(viii)

(ix)

2y2 + 7y 4
4y2 1

(x)

(x2 2x 3) (x2 5x + 6)
x2(x2 x 2)

2. If x = 0.9, y = 0.1, then find the value of:

x2 y2

x3 y3
x2 + xy + y2
x2 2xy + y2

Exercise 3.4. B
1. Simplify the following
(i)

m2 m
m1

(ii)

x+y
x2 y2

x2 xy
x2 2xy + y2

(iii)

x2 6x 7
x2 + 8x + 16

x2 13x + 42
x2 2x 24

(iv)

x3 + 5x2 + 25x
x9

x4 125x
x2 12x + 27

(v)

3x2 + 5x + 2
9x2 4

2x2 2
2x2 + x -3

(vi)

a2 + 4a + 3
a2 2a 3

2a2 + 7a + 3
2a2 5a 3

x4 + xy3
x2 - y2

(vii) x2 3xy + 2y2

x2 xy + y2

(viii) |

m
m+1

a 2b
a + 3ab + 2b2
2

(ix)

-3
_____
-2

(x)

x3 + 3x2 4x 6
x2 4x 5

2x + 10
x2 25

(xi)

(xii) [

] [

2. If x = 10.3, y = 9.3, then find the value of :

x + ------
x+y

x+ y
x3 y3

Problem Set 3
Simplify the following:
1. x2 (2x + 1)2
8x3 2x
3. a2 b2
a3 b 3
5. x2 + 2x 15
x2 3x 10
7.

2.

x3 (x- 3y)2 (x + 4y)

x2y(x 3y)2 (x + 2y)
m2 1 2m3 10m2
2m2 2
m2 4m - 5

a+b
2
a + ab + b2

4.

x3
2
x + 5x + 6

6. a + 3b
a 4b

x4 + 8xy3
x2 2xy + 4y2
2x2 + 5xy 3y2
2x - y

8. x2 9x 14
x2 49

x2 + 4x - 21
x2 10x + 16

9. m2 + 9m 20
m2 16

m2 2m 35
m2 + 3m 28

a2 6ab + 8b2
a2 + ab 6b2

10.

11. x2 + xy 2y2
x2 3xy + 2y2

3x2 5xy 2y2

3x2 + 7xy + 2y2

12.

4y2
2y 3

13.

x4
- 5x
+
2
2
x +x+1
x +x+1

4x
x +x+1

1
a 3b

a
a 9b2

14.

12y
2y 3

1
+
2(a + 3b)

9_
3 2y
2

15. x3 2x2 19x + 20

x3 3x2 13x + 15
8

17.

16.

x4 + (a2 + b2) x2 + a2b2

x 4 a4

18. 2m2 + 7m 4
3m2 13m + 4

x - y
x6 y6

19. x2 2x + 4

20.

3a + 2
+
a+2
2
2
2a a 15
2a + 9a + 10

a-3 a a6
2

21.

x3
x+2

1
+
1
2
a 7x + 12
x 5x + 6

2
x 6x + 8

22.

1
1+ p
q+r

1
1+

q
r+p

+
1+

1
r
p+q

4m2 - 1
6m2 + m - 1

23. [

24.

25. [

26.

] [

(x2 y2)3 + (y2 z2)3 + (z2 x2)3

(x y)3 + (y z)3 + (z x)3

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