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Posterior

Anterior

Cervical
Vertebrae

Thoracic
Vertebrae

Lumbar
Vertebrae

Lumbar
Vertebrae

Coccyx

A-1

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Axis

Dens

Atlas

Transverse
Process

Superior
Articular
Process

Intervertebral
Foramen

Rib

A-2

X
MRI

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15

17

25

32

--

34

39

39

42

49

53

76

86

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91

91

108

121

131

137

137

145

149

182

197

201

202

210

218

226

229

243

243

247

266

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301

301

306

316

328

332

339

341

341

342

363

375

381

387

387

392

397

400

411

415

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439

439

448

452

466

473

478

487

499

499

510

511

514

517

518

528

535

544

557

561

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Fracture

1. Simple Fracture

2. Compound Fracture

Dislocation

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Pathological Fracture

Fatigue Fracture
March Fracture

Metatarsal
Tibia X Bone Scan

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Compound Fracture

Complicated Fracture

1. Greenstick Fracture

34
2. Impacted

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46

1.
2.

Spiral

Oblique

1-1
Spiral

1-2
Oblique

Longitudinal

X
X

1-3 Longitudinal

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Transverse

Segmental

1-4
Transverse

1-5
Segmental

Comminuted

1-6 Comminuted

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Fatigue Fracture

2 3

Impacted Fracture
HumerusRadius
Femur

Carpal Fracture
Scaphoid

Greenstick Fracture
Greenstick
Fracture
Greenstick Fracture

Pathological Fracture

1.

2.
3.
4. T12L1
5.
6.

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7.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.
2.

1.
2.
3.
4.

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Anterior Tibial Compartment Syndrome

Compartment Syndrome

Volkmanns Ischemic
Contracture

Compartment Syndrome

5P PainParalysis
ParaplegiaPulselessPale

X
X X

1. Bone Scan Tc
2. CT

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1.
2.
3.

X
1. Callus
2.

Calcium CarbonateCalcium
PhosphateCollagenWater
60%70%

25%30%

Porous

5%30% Cortical
Bone 30%90%
Spongy or Cancellous Bone

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Compressive StressShear Stress

Cortical BoneCompact
BoneCancellous Bone
Harversian System
Trabecular Bone
80% 20% Cancellous Bone

Normal GrowthMaturation
Longitudinal Growth

18
25 Circumferential Growth
Periosteum
Lays

ObteoblastsOsteoclasts

40 60
Periosteum

Inflammation
Spur
Periosteum

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11

48

OsteoblastOsteoclast

Cortical BoneCancellous Bone

Hematoma Stage

1-7 Hematoma Stage

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Periosteal and Endosteal

1-8 Periosteal and Endosteal

Islands of Cartilage

Callus

CallusWoven Bone
X

1-9 CallusOsteoblast
Woven BoneCallus

Consolidation

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13

Lamellar Bone

1-10 Consolidation
Lamellar Bone

Remodelling
RemodelingOsteoclasts

Osteoblasts

1-11 Remodelling

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Cortical BoneCancellous
Bone

1. X 26
2. 3 45
3. 34
Ulna 68 34 23
34
4. 78
9 45 78 46

1.
2.
3.

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15

1. 20 30

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16

2. > 10
3. > 5
4. 1cm > 2cm

Scaphoid BoneFemoral
Neck

1.
2.

4
1236

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17

1. Delayed Union
2. Non-Union
3. Mal-Union
4. Shortening
5. Growth Stimulation
6. Growth Arrest
7. Ischemic Necrosis
8. Infection

1.
2.
3.
4.

1. Shock
2. Fat Embolism
3. Joint Stiffness
4. Sudeck's Atrophy
5. Myositis Ossicans

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.
., 2013.07

ISBN 978-957-11-7168-5 ()
1.
413.42

102011445

5J47

(96.4)






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