BioFuel:-

Efficient Alternative

Speaker:
Md. Mesbah Uddin
Khulna University,
Bangladesh
What is BioFuel
 Biofuel is any fuel that is derived from
biomass — recently living organisms or their
metabolic byproducts, such as manure from
cows.
 Biofuel is any fuel with an 80% minimum
content by volume of materials derived from
living organisms harvested within the ten
years preceding its manufacture.
 The Dawning of a new era
in Agriculture!

Agriculture has produced food, feed and fiber.

Now agriculture is expected to produce food,

feed, fiber and Biofuel.
 BioFuel
 It is a renewable energy source, unlike other
natural resources such as petroleum, coal and
nuclear fuels.
 Like coal and petroleum, biomass is a form of
stored solar energy.
 One advantage of biofuel in comparison to
most other fuel types is it is biodegradable, and
thus relatively harmless to the environment if
spilled.
History of BioFuel
 Biofuel was used since the early days of the car
industry.
 Nikolaus August Otto, the German inventor of the
combustion engine, conceived his invention to run on
ethanol.
 While Rudolf Diesel, the German inventor of the
diesel engine, conceived it to run on peanut oil.
 The Ford Model T, a car produced between 1903 and
1926 used ethanol.
 Before World War II, Germany sold a blend of
gasoline with alcohol fermented from potatoes under
the name Reichskraftsprit.
 History of BioFuel

 In Britain, grain alcohol was blended with

petrol by the Distillers Company Ltd under the
name Discol.
 With the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979, there
was an increase in interests from
governments and academics in biofuels.
 In 1931, use of 5% ethanol in petrol was
made compulsory in Brazil.
 History of BioFuel

 Brazil has been a front-runner in the use of

renewable fuels. The substitution of gasoline
by ethanol started in 1975, when the Brazilian
Government launched the “Proálcool
Program" (Programa Nacional do Álcool).
 In 1985, Brazil launched a program of
blending 20% ethanol with petrol and thus
saved about 40% of its petrol consumption.
 In 1990, it produced about 20.5 billion liters of
alcohol from molasses and saved $11 billion
of foreign exchange.
 History of BioFuel

 The Brazilian fleet of 20 million cars (the total vehicle fleet

including cars, light commercials, trucks and buses is
around 24 million) runs on either a gasoline blend
containing 22-24% ethanol or on 100% ethanol.
 Brazilian alcohol is the cheapest and more sustainable in
the world, with a production cost of U$ 0.16-0.20 / L.
 Ethanol consumption is forecast to increase as the
number of “flex-fuel" cars, with engines able to run on
both gasoline blend or ethanol, is forecast to increase
from the present 4 million to 15 million in 2013.
 U.S. president George Bush said in his 2006 State of
Union speech, that he wants for the United States, by
2025, to replace 75% of the oil coming from the Middle
East.
 Types of Biofuel
 Biologically produced alcohols e.g.
Methanol, Ethanol, mixed Alcohols (e.g.,
mixture of ethanol, propanol, butanol,
pentanol, hexanol and heptanol, such as
EcaleneTM) etc.
 Biologically produced gases from organic
matter & wastes.
 Biologically produced oils e.g.
Straight vegetable oil (SVO),
Waste vegetable oil (WVO), Biodiesel
Environmental Benefit
Reduction of CO2 emission
 By using bioethanol instead of fossil fuels, the emissions
from fossil fuel use are avoided.
 CO2 reductions occur because the biomasses that
serve as raw material for the bioethanol production
require CO2 to grow.
 Thus, much of the CO2 released when biomass is
converted into a biofuel and burned in automobile
engines is recaptured from
Carbon cycle the atmosphere when new
is closed
biomass is grown to produce more biofuels.
 The Carbon cycle is closed.
 It is Biodegradable, thus relatively harmless to the
environment if spilled.
Thanks to All