Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Recycled oil
Solar
energy Plantation Oil extraction
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What is Biodiesel?
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Is it really the same as Diesel?
The NREL-US test
Buses :5 B20 e 4 Diesel comum
2 years, 160.000 km
Chassis: Orion V / 2000
Motor: Cummins / 2000
Diesel B20
Conclusion Consuption 1,87 1,87 km/l
Maintenance
Consumption: the same Bus 0,34 0,32 US$/km
Motor 0,03 0,04 US$/km
Maintenance : the same
Technically equivalent
New Holland Agricultural Equipment now supports the use of B100 biodiesel in all equipment with New
Holland-manufactured diesel engines, including electronic injection engines with common rail technology.
Overall, nearly 80% of New Holland-branded products with diesel engines are now available to operate on B100
biodiesel. New Holland has also asked other suppliers of diesel engines used in New Holland-branded products to
test and approve higher levels of biodiesel.
Penn State’s College of Agricultural Sciences is operating new, unmodified New Holland tractors on B100
biodiesel on their 1,500-acre research farm to find out what diesel equipment owners can expect to experience
when they use B100. After nearly two years of use, the tractors have performed with no adverse effects in
performance or maintenance, according to Glen Cauffman, the university’s manager of farm operations and
services.
Paul Trella, New Holland Director of Product Marketing for Under-100 HP Tractors, stressed it is essential to use
high-quality biodiesel produced to ASTM D6751 standards from a reputable supplier who can offer consistent fuel
quality to ensure optimum performance and engine durability.
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Case: Aviation First jet flight with 100%
biodiesel
Aviation history was made earlier this week in the high desert at the Reno-Stead Airport when an L-29 military
aircraft piloted by Carol Sugars and Douglas Rodante succeeded in completing the world’s first jet flight
powered solely by 100% biodiesel fuel. The Czechoslovakian-made aircraft is rated to fly on a variety of fuels
including heating oil, making it the preferred platform for testing biodiesel in jet engines.
The experimental test flights were conducted starting with a blend of jet fuel and biodiesel. The engine data was
measured and the performance was evaluated and found acceptable for continued use, eventually resulting in
the landmark flight using 100% renewable biodiesel fuel. According to Chief Pilot Carol Sugars who wrote
and conducted the test program, “As we gradually increased the amount of biodiesel in the fuel blend, the data
confirmed that the aircraft continued to perform well, giving me the confidence to transition to 100% biodiesel.”
Flight tests were conducted up to an altitude of 17,000 feet showing no significant difference in performance
compared to conventional jet fuel.
Source: http://www.treehugger.com/files/2007/10/worlds_ first_100_ percent_biodiesel_ jet_ flight.php
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Case: Aviation Petrobras, TecBio, Boeing, Nasa and
Virgin Atlantic are testing fuels
produced from vegetable oils
Bio-jet fuel tests planned
07 june 2007
Petroleo Brasileiro SA, Brazil's state oil company, plans to study and distribute bio-jet fuel
made from an oilseed blend. Studies by Brazil's TecBio, Boeing Co and NASA show use of the
fuel is feasible, Petrobras said yesterday at a biofuels conference in Rio de Janeiro.
Experimental tests with alternative jet fuels will begin this month under the TecBio-Boeing-NASA
program, Francelino da Silva Paes, a Petrobras biofuels official, said during a presentation of the
company's plan. The world's first demonstration flight using the fuel is planned for next year by
Boeing, General Electric Co and Virgin Atlantic Airways, he said.
Source: http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_ generic.jsp?channel=bca&id=news/bca0907p3.xml
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2007/07/08/2003368717
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Case : San Francisco US
San Francisco Converts Entire Diesel Vehicle Fleet to Biodiesel
by Jeremy Elton Jacquot, Los Angeles on 12. 1.07
Cars & Transportation
San FranciscoUS is converting his
San Francisco hit another major green milestone earlier 1500 bus fleet to B20 biodiesel
this week when Mayor Gavin Newsom announced that
the city had converted its fleet of approximately 1,500
diesel vehicles to run on biodiesel - a month earlier than
the goal it had set in 2006. Fire engines, ambulances and
MUNI buses, amongst others, will now run on B20, a
blend of 20% biofuel and 80% diesel fuel.
Fonte: http://www.treehugger.com/files/2007/12/san_francisco_converts.php 8
How Biodiesel is produced?
by-products (protein)
Oilseed
Oil extraction
Plantations
Export
Used (M)ethanol
oil Distribution
Biodisel
Companies
plant
Cataliser
Animal
fat Large
consumers
(Fleet)
Oil
Alcohol
Others
Operational cost
Labor
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Cost forecast
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Feedstock options : edible oils
Soybean
Palm tree
Rapeseed 12
Feedstock options : nonedible oil
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Which feedstock is most economic?
How much it produces? What is the cost of plantation?
What is the price of land? How long it takes to produce?
Edible oil Oil in seed* Seed yield Oil yield Oil price(US Gulf)**
% kg/ha kg/ha US$/kg
Sunflower 48 2.200 1.056 0,99
Corn(Maize) 3 8.000 274 0,71
Rapeseed(Canola) 44 1.800 792 0,66
Coconut(Copra) 63 3.000 1.890 0,66
Soybean 18 3.500 630 0,55
Palm 18 25.000 4.500 0,42
Non-edible
Jatropha(1) 35 6.000 2.100 0.30(2)
1 – An alternative oil from new crops of Jatropha curcas, a native plant of Central America
2 – PlantaBio’s estimated cost of production, FOB farm
Sources:
* Handbook of Energy Crops – James A. Duke, 1983. Unpublished.
** Jacobsen Publishing Co. – Mkt. News: Vegetable Oil (07/11/05)
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What is Jatropha curcas?
A perennial plant
over 25 years of production.
Low water requirements
good production with 500-700 mm/year.
survives <200 mm/year;
Doesn´t require good soils
Good yield
seeds with high oil content.
Native in Brazil
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Jatropha yields
Country Grain (ton/ha) Age Source
4,00 - 5,00 5 Years FACT Foundation - Biofuel Summit 2007
Indonesia
4,00 - 5,00 5 Years Dr. Achmad Suryana - Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia - April 2007
Technology Information, Forecasting & Assesment Council - Department od Science and
4,00 - 6,00 5 Years Technology - India
India 5,00 5 Years Resources and Livelihoods Group - PRAYAS (Non Profit - Charitable Trust)
4,00 4 Years GreenRev Business Pvt. Ltd.
Ghana 7,00 - 8,00 5 Years Jatropha Africa - Ghana
Philippines 3,50 - 5,00 5 Years Department of Science and Technology
Nicaragua 4,00 - 5,00 4 Years FACT Foundation - Biofuel Summit 2007
Costa Rica 4,80 5 Years DANIDA Forest Seed Centre (Denmark) & Enviroment Africa
Peru 6,25 5 Years Dr. D. Jordens-Roettger - GTZ (German Development Corporation)
0,80 1 Years
2,50 2 Years Conab (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento) - Ministerio da Agricultura, Pecuaria e
Brazil
4,00 3 Years Abastecimento
6,00 4 Years
Global 6,00 - 8,00 5 Years Purdue University - Centre for New Crops and Plant Products
Biodiesel Project for the State of Uttar Pradesh - Bharat Petroleum Corp, Nadian
12,50 5 Years Biomatrix Limited & Biotech Park
Potential
12,00 - 15,00 5 Years Jones & Milles 1993 ; Heller 1996
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Known problems of Jatropha
Recent governamental
certification and lack of
agricultural zoning
Diseases and pests as any
other plant
Cultivation techniques
not known by farmers
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Mechanical harvesting
Based on olive and coffe machines
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Case : British Petroleum
BP announced its second biofuel venture in a week, this time inking a deal with a British firm to get fuel out of Jatropha curcas.
BP and D1 Oils said they plan a 50-50 joint venture to accelerate the planting of Jatropha curcas — a drought-resistant, inedible oilseed-
bearing tree. It does not compete with food crops for good agricultural land or adversely impact the rainforest.
BP earlier this week unveiled a $400 million plant with Associated British Foods and DuPont in which wheat will be converted into bioethanol at
a plant in Saltend, Hull.
D1, a U.K.-listed biodiesel producer, and BP will work together exclusively on the development of jatropha as a sustainable energy crop,
including the planting of trees, harvesting jatropha grain, oil extraction and transport and logistics. BP and D1 Oils intend to invest about
$160 million in the next five years.
D1 said it’s going to grant BP an option to subscribe for new shares representing 16% of its enlarged share capital at an average price of 251
pence. For D1, the news was significant, pushing its shares up 8.3% to 261.75 pence in mid-morning trade. BP shares rose 0.7%, continuing
recent strength in the oil sector this week.
British Petroleum and D1Oil intent to
Article printed from Energy Roundup - WSJ.com: http://blogs.wsj.com/energy
invest about $160million the next 5
years in jatropha plantations
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URL to article: http://blogs.wsj.com/energy/2007/06/29/bp-bets-on-the-jatropha-tree/
Case: D1 Oil D1Oil came to visit the NorthEast of
Brazil looking for suitable location
for jatropha plantations
A D1 Oil é pioneira em seleção genética, plantio e produção de óleos a partir de vegetais não comestíveis. Em Minas Gerais, no
município de Janaúba, a Epamig já está realizando pesquisas da cultura de pinhão manso que deve constituir-se na base de estudos
visando à seleção e ao aprimoramento de variedades mais produtivas.
De acordo com Paul Nicholas, representante da D1 Oil, o Jatropha curcas, conhecido popularmente como pinhão manso, tem sido
reconhecido mundialmente como uma fonte alternativa renovável para a produção do biodiesel. “Além de perene e de fácil cultivo,
suporta baixa densidade pluviométrica e apresenta boa conservação da semente colhida, podendo se tornar grande produtora de
matéria prima como fonte opcional de combustível”, afirma. Atualmente, essa espécie não está sendo explorada comercialmente no
Brasil, mas segundo o consultor Mike Lu, o pinhão manso é viável para a obtenção do biodiesel, pois produz, no mínimo, duas
toneladas de óleo por hectare, levando de três a quatro anos para atingir a idade produtiva, que pode se estender por 40 anos.
Para a secretária Elbe Brandão, a possibilidade do uso do óleo do pinhão manso para a produção do biodiesel, abre amplas
perspectivas para o crescimento das áreas de plantio com esta cultura no norte e semi-árido mineiro.
--------------------------------------------------
BH - Abril/2007 Assessoria de Comunicação – 31 2129-8118
Fonte: http://www.idene.mg.gov.br/noticias_061.htm 20
Case : Sada BioEnergia
Sada Bioenergia investe em pinhão-Manso para a fabricação de biodiesel
Valor Econômico - Segunda-feira, Fevereiro 12, 2007
Sada is planting 11.000ha of sugar
A subsidiária Sada Bioenergia, instalada numa área de 16 mil hectares no cane and 5.000ha of jatropha to
município de Jaíba, no norte de Minas Gerais, começará a
processar cana-de-açúcar para a produção de álcool e pinhão-manso para a fabricação de biodiesel.
produce fuel to his own fleet
Até 2010, o grupo controlado pelo empresário Vittorio Medioli, que também edita o jornal "O Tempo", investirá R$ 120 milhões na
construção de uma planta industrial conjugada de álcool e biodiesel e na implantação de 11 mil hectares de cana e de 5 mil de
pinhão-manso.
A usina de biodiesel, capaz de moer 240 mil toneladas de pinhão por ano, fabricará 85 mil toneladas de biodiesel a partir do
processo etílico - 14 milhões de litros de etanol serão usados na produção de um biodiesel 100% vegetal, sem a utilização de
produtos minerais no processo. Na segunda etapa, prevista para 2012, a usina de álcool passará a moer 2,5 milhões de toneladas de
cana, produzindo 220 milhões de litros de álcool. No biodiesel, será possível elevar a produção a 1,1 milhão de toneladas a partir de
3 milhões de pinhão.
Operador de uma frota de dois mil caminhões, o grupo Sada usará os combustíveis para atingir a auto-suficiência no
abastecimento de seus veículos. Para isso, construirá dois pontos de apoio para alimentar sua frota em Juazeiro (BA) e Itaubim
(MG). A produção será transportada em comboios-tanque movidos a biodiesel pelo rio São Francisco até as duas cidades. No Jaíba,
um duto de 13 km ligará a usina até o rio. "Nosso objetivo é a auto-suficiência. Mas como somos uma empresa de logística,
pensamos na distribuição da produção", explica Vittorio Medioli, que exerceu quatro mandatos de deputado federal.
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Case: JanaúbaMG
Spanish group CIE invested
Euro 3,72 millions in jatropha
plantation in MGBrazil
El grupo industrial español ha comunicado a la CNMV la firma de un acuerdo de joint venture entre su filial
brasileña y NNE Minas Agro Forestal para la producción y explotación en Brasil de cultivos relacionadas con la
producción de biocombustibles y biocarburantes. El proyecto tendrá una inversión inicial de 3,72 millones de
euros.
CIE Automotive señala en su comunicado que estos proyectos se centrarán, "entre otros fines", a la producción,
plantación y explotación de "semillas de pinhão manso (jatropha curcas)" y "en el desarrollo de otras
oportunidades de negocio relacionadas con este cultivo y la producción de biocombustibles y biocarburantes".
Estos proyectos representarán una inversión conjunta
equivalente a 3,72 millones de euros, aproximadamente, "y su
realización se repartirá entre la filial CIE Autometal con una
inversión de 1,90 millones de euros (51% de las acciones de la
joint venture) y NNE y sus asociados con 1,82 millones de euros
de inversión (en conjunto titulares del 49% restante)".
Fonte: http://www.expansion.com/edicion/exp/empresas/es/desarrollo/1057442.html
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Case : Petrobras biodiesel plants
Candeias (BA) Montes Claros (MG) Quixadá (CE) TOTAL
Capacity 57 57 57 171 litros/ano
milhões de
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Biodiesel refineries
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The biodiesel production process
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Cost composition of biodiesel
Other inputs Price Proportion Cost
(M)ethanol 0,90 14,00% 0,13
Cataliser 3,50 0,05% 0,0018
R$/L R$/L
Estimated
Feedstock Planted area Production cost
Production Sales
Vegetable oil 10.000 20.000 cost Taxes Profit Price Production Income
2.000 20.000 40.000 0,6 Biodiesel 1,02 1,33 20% 1,6 39.200 12.530.045
30.000 60.000 30% R$/L Ton/ano R$/ano
L/ha ha ton/ano R$/L
Glycerin 0,20 0,26 0,50 3.800 380.000
12.910.045
Refinery Initial Operational Capital R$/ano
(capacity) Investment cost cost
20.000 9.800.000 0,26 0,08
40.000 11.200.000 0,23 0,07
60.000 13.200.000 0,22 0,06
ton/ano R$ R$/L R$/L
Brazilian company
Partnership between:
Cazenave & Asociados SA
Glencore/Lartirigoyen SA
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Backgrounds
Phoneutria
Founded in 1994
Leading edge of Biotechnology
and genetics
Cazenave Close related to universities and
Founded in 1969 research institutions
Evaluates, Develops and Manages
Investment Projects
last 12 years managed investments
in agricultural activities for more
than US$ 205M on more than
800.000 ha
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Cazenave in Argentina
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Example Glencore : Moreno
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Example Glencore : Renova
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Example : Patagonia Bioenergia
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Plant.a.Bio activities
Research in India Reseach in Brasil
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Phoneutria's researches
Jatropha Micropropagation
Jatropha Genetic improvement
Jatropha Genetic molecular markers
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Goals of Plant.a.Bio
Business
Provider of improved genetic material
opportunity
for bio fuel crops, with initial emphasis
on biodiesel and Jatropha
Consulting and management expertize Planning
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Brazilian biomes
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Location : rain, temperature, soil
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Locations : logistics
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The opportunity : northeast
Large areas suitable for Jatropha in Brazil
Jatropha Oil does not compete in the
edible oil markets.
Energy companies interested in new
sources of feedstock.
Worldwide demand Milllions of ha %
Total area of Brazil 851 100
Suitable for agriculture 153 18
Used by plantations 63 7
Temporary plantations 43 5
Permanent plantations 15 2
Forest plantation 5 1
Available for agriculture 90 11
Pasture 177 21
Semi-arid 90
Native forest 440 53
Amazon 350 Fonte: MAPA 2004 40
Recycling: used vegetable oil
Limit allowed
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Food or Fuel?
Food AND Fuel!
Oil -> fuel
Meal, Intercropping > food
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Recovering degrated land
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2 Generation biofuels
nd
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Credit : Banco do Nordeste
Bank rates
Farm Industry
Micro 5% 7,25% year
Small 7,25% 8,25%
Medium 7,25% 10%
Large 9% 11,5%
Demais condições na agência
Contato : Sr. Wladston Viana, Gerente
Agencia Belo Horizonte :(31) 3263 6400
clienteconsulta@bnb.gov.br ou 0800783030
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Contact
Antonio Tomás Parsons
atparsons@plantabio.com.br
54 (11) 4763 5500
Luciano Cardoso
lcardoso@plantabio.com.br
55 (31) 3427 6413
PlantaBio Agrotecnologia Ltda.
Rua Teles de Menezes 148 Santa Branca
31565-130 Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil
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