June 2014

Promoting
Livelihoods
and Poverty Reduction
in Pakistan
Gender
Integration
in the
Pakistan
Poverty
Alleviation
Fund
Pakistan Poverty
Alleviation Fund (PPAF)
Disclaimer: The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB),
or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any
consequence of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
PPAF
Social Mobilization for Community Driven
Development
Government
Journey into Livelihoods Development
Commercial microfinance was not reaching the poorest of the poor
In 2010, CGAP implemented a pilot project in 8 countries, supported by
IFAD, on Targeting the Ultra Poor (TUP)
Combination of inputs including asset transfer, skills training, enterprise
training, health training, and formation of CIGs provided to women
In Pakistan, 2000 Households were targeted
Pilot carefully monitored, documented, and in 2011 concluded by Dean
Carlan of MIT, who enthusiastically reiterated that a combination of
complementary inputs were needed to lift people out of poverty
In 2012, a $85 million LEP programme was initiated to scale the TUP pilot
Target: to scale from 2000 Households to 300,000 Households
Fact File Targets Achieved
(US$ 1.6 billion cumulative disbursement)
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PPAFs Livelihood Programme
Inputs:
US $ 85 million
2011 to September 2015

Outreach:
47 Districts
300 Union Council
1500 Revenue Villages
300,000 Households (on 0-23 on the poverty scorecard)

Expected Result:
Increased income of targeted household
Shift of at least 4 points on PSC

Poverty Mapping
Social mobilization
+
integrated
development
strategies
(social, economic,
environment)
+
private and public
investment
=
empowered
communities and
reduced poverty
Poverty Framework
Note: Based on monetized consumption/caloric intake (Rs. Per capita, per
month) and calculated by using an average of national household size of
6.3
(Source: CPLPM (Masim, QAU))

M
i
c
r
o
f
i
n
a
n
c
e

L
i
v
e
l
i
h
o
o
d
s

C
o
m
m
u
n
i
t
y

P
h
y
s
i
c
a
l

I
n
f
r
a
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t
r
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c
t
u
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e

N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

P
o
v
e
r
t
y

L
i
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e

Total 29.37m households
Theory of Change
LEP Interventions
Livelihood Enhancement and Protection (LEP) Interventions:
1 2 3 4 5
Wage
Compensation
(for 0-11)
Asset provision
(for 0-18)
Skills and
enterprise
training
(for 0-23)
Common
Interest Groups
(CIGs)
(for 0-30)
Community
Livelihood Fund
(CLF)
(for 0-30)
52,653
persons
78,838
persons
335,154
persons
2,300
groups
250
Loan Centers
Outreach:
47 Districts
300 Union Council
1500 Revenue Villages
300,000 Households (on 0-23 on the poverty scorecard)

Assistive devices to PWDs: 22,500
Initial LEP Programming
x
Paradigm Shift in LEP Programming
Develop Platforms
(NyK YCs PCs)
O
n
g
o
i
n
g

C
o
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s
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l
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g

a
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d

M
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S
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A
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a
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A
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G
r
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A
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a

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I
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f
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Facilitating linkages with other civil society stakeholders,
markets, government line departments and the private sector
Asset Transfer to
Ultra Poor
Support for
Social Safety Net
S
k
i
l
l
,

E
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
s
e

a
n
d

L
i
f
e

S
k
i
l
l
s

T
r
a
i
n
i
n
g


Access to Financial
Resources

Formation of Common
Interest Groups (CIG)



Setting-up Micro
Enterprises
Job Placement



LEED Programming Framework
I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
s

o
f

t
h
e

P
o
o
r

1

Categorization
of Beneficiary
Household










Ultra &
Vulnerable Poor
Poor
Above
Poverty
2











Socio-Economic
Development Plan
for the Union
Council
3
O
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
y

C
o
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n
s
e
l
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g

W
o
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k
s
h
o
p

L
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d

I
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v
e
s
t
m
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t

P
l
a
n

f
o
r

H
H
s

4
Production
Clusters
7
Youth
Centers
6
Karobari Shifa Khana
(Business Advisory Center)
Loan
Center
8
Naukri ya
Karobar
(NyK) Center
(Employment
Centers
5
Pakistan - Where We Stand
T
h
e

H
i
g
h
s

1. 66 women in the National
Assembly approx 20% of
total (2013)

2. Historic pro-women
legislation enacted since
2010 protection against
harassment of women in
the workplace act,
prevention of anti-women
practices bill, acid crimes
prevention bill plus
provincial legislation

But limited impact on the
ground

T
h
e

L
o
w
s

1. Human Development Index
2012 ranked 146
th

2. Gender Inequality Index
2012 0.567

3. Gender Gap Index 2013 -
ranked 135 out of 136

4. Women not allowed to
vote in certain
constituencies in 2013
elections
Guiding Principles for Livelihoods Programming

1. Social and economic development go hand in hand with reference
to livelihoods. Hence critical to have a holistic approach to poverty
alleviation.

2. Poverty reduction at union council level must engage in a
simultaneous push and pull strategy.

3. Service providers, last mile service delivery, social enterprises are
critical to promote the eco-system to support poverty alleviation
with gender equality at the community level.

4. The spirit of entrepreneurship exists everywhere if catalyzed,
people can themselves find creative solutions to their own problems.

Last Mile Service Delivery/Social Entrepreneurs
(2,500 SEs)
Education: ECD centers, adult and digital literacy centers, computer
centers, tuition centers
Health Providers: sanitary napkin production, MARVI workers, safe
delivery centers, ICT based health centers
Livelihood Specialists: Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, Kitchen
gardening (demonstration plots and ponds/plots and ponds on rent)
Specialists: Establishment, repair and maintenance of water and
sanitation facilities, alternative energy
Employment and Self Employment: Links to jobs and placement, links
to resources (markets, input supplies), transportation
Civil Rights Facilitators: NIC, certificates, domicile, other legal
documents, orientation to legal rights and literacy
Trained Facilitators: Financial literacy, enterprise development, life
skills development
Insurance Agents: Life, education animal, crop
Female Researchers, Journalists, Diarists: Collection of evidence
and HERstories
From Dreams to Reality
A social and economic
transformation program
designed to work with
adolescent girls to promote
gender equality and reduce
child/ early age marriages in
Pakistan through:
Provision of life skills
education and SRH
information
Leadership development
Enhancing decision
making, negotiation and
communication skills.
Gender Action Learning
System (GALS)

A household based strategic
life planning program designed
for non-literate and semi literate
women to improve social and
economic development by:
Establishing a
comprehensive vision
and goal for the
immediate and distant
future
Assessing, analyzing and
planning life, business
and relationships.
Replication of Two Tested Models

Thank you








Restoring hope, securing the future, ending poverty