SMART MATERIALS

Introduction:-

• Nature is full of magic materials.

• Smart materials can sense, stimulate, process
and actuate a response.
• the properties can be easily altered.
 Shape memory alloys (SMA’s):-

• Metals which exhibit 2 unique properties:

(1) Pseudo-elasticity.
(2) Shape Memory Effect.
Working of SMA’s:-
 The properties are due to the solid state
phase change.
 There are two phases:-
(1) Marten site and
(2) Austenite.
• Marten site is relatively soft and exist at low
temp’s
• The molecular structure is as below:
► Austenite is the stronger phase, occurs at high
temp’s.
► Cubic structure.
Shape Memory Effect:-

 The un-deformed marten site and the austenite have

same size and shape.
 Shape memory effect is absorbed when it is cooled
down to less than Mf.
Pseudo Elasticity:-
 It occurs in the alloys which completely consists
of Austenite.
 It occurs without a change in temperature.
 Applications of pseudo elasticity:
(1) eyeglass frames.
(2) orthodontic arches.
Applications of shape memory alloys:-

 In air craft maneuverability.

 In Robotic muscles:
Points of consideration:-
(1) The method of controlling movement with the limb.
(2) Emulating real human movements.
(3) The gripping force required to hold any object.
 Creating human motion using SMA wires is a complex
task.
 The wire is heated by passing the current through it.
 In Bone plates:
advantages of sma:-
 Bio-compact ability
 Good Mechanical properties.

dis-advantages of sma:-
 These alloys are expensive.
 poor fatigue properties
 Conclusion:-
► The SMA’s have a major say in the field of precision
engineering.
► These play a vital role in the surgical operations.
► These act as best alternatives in the field of
manufacturing.
References:-

o Material Science and Manufacturing

by M.Moallem.
o Material Science and Engineering
by K.M.Guptha, Umesh Publications.
o Elements of Material Science and Engineering
by Van vik / Adison Wesley.