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CLASSIFICATION OF METALS
Ferrous Nonferrous
Typesof Steels
(1) Carbon Steels
(2) Tool Steels
CARBON STEELS
1. Plain Carbon
2. Low Carbon Steel ( up to 0.25% C )
3. Medium Carbon Steel (0.25%-0.45%C )
4. High Carbon Steel (0.45%-1.50%C )
INGOT IRON
Low hardenability
Machinability is 60-70%
Good toughness and ductility.
Fair formability.
Extremely popular and have numerous
applications.
Responds to heat treatment but is often
used in the natural condition.
A good balance of properties can be
found.
That is optimum C level where high
toughness and ductility ( of the low C
steels) is compromised with the
strength and hardness of the increased
C.
APPLICATIONS
Hardness is high
Fair formability
MARTENSITE
A BCC form of iron in which some C is dissolved.
It forms during quenching, when FCC austenite
changes to the BCC structure w/o precipitation
of cementite. Instead, the C is retained in the Fe
crystal structure.
Is also defined as a hardened microstructure of
steel that is obtained by quick cooling, avoiding
the formation of pearlite.
CEMENTITE
Is Iron Carbide, Fe3C
FERRITE
Is a BCC form of iron in which some C
is dissolved.
Steel