ULO2 b

Let’s Check

1. What is stainless steel?

- Stainless steel is iron, chromium, and, occasionally, nickel and other metal alloys that
resist rusting or corrosion.
2. What are the most common metals used in construction?
- Steel is one of the most commonly used building materials since it is the most recycled
material in the world, giving it a much more environmentally friendly alternative to
concrete.
3. What is the difference between Iron and Steel?
- Iron is a pure metal, whereas steel is an alloy or a combination of metal and other
metals. This is the fundamental distinction between the two metals. Steel is a man-made
alloy manufactured by combining iron and carbon, while iron is also an element that
occurs naturally. Steel is more frequently employed in construction because of its
enhanced strength characteristics.
4. Why isn’t steel termed as a metal?
- Naturally, steel is an alloy. It is not a pure element like iron; hence it is not a metal but
rather a metal-like substance.

Let’s Analyze

1. Differentiate metals from non-metals.

- Metals often have high melting and boiling temperatures, high electrical and thermal
conductivity values, and a metallic appearance. Non-metals are frequently softer and
more colorful materials. They could be gases, liquids, or solids.
2. What makes stainless steel stainless? Explain.
- Stainless steel is made up of roughly 50% iron and, depending on the quality, ranges
from 10.5 percent (12 percent is a typical minimum quantity) to 30 percent chromium.
When chromium and oxygen interact, a coating of chromium oxide is created on the
stainless-steel surface. Film thicknesses are measured in microns while formation
speeds are reported in nanoseconds. It indicates that corrosion resistance, which comes
from stainless steel's capacity to develop and regenerate a chromium oxide layer in the
presence of oxygen, is its most salient stainless attribute.
 3. Which is stronger, steel or titanium? Explain.
- Due to its remarkable strength-to-weight ratio, high compatibility, and superior
strength, titanium is by much stronger than steel when compared to the other two
elements. Additionally, it is more temperature and corrosion resistant.
4. What are the 4 types of steel?
- The four types of steels are alloy steels, carbon steels, stainless steels, and tool steels.

In a Nutshell

1. Construct a vis-à-vis comparison of different alloyed materials. Cite the advantages,

disadvantages, and best application.

Alloyed Materials Advantages Disadvantages Application

Bronze It is an alloy mostly The disadvantages of It is best applied and
made of copper, but bronzes are their soft used for springs,
the addition of other nature, being much automobile
metals—typically weaker, and being transmission pilot
tin—creates more expensive than bearings, and small
something that is steel. electric motors.
significantly tougher
than pure copper.
Compared to most
steels, bronze
conducts heat and
electricity better, and
resists corrosion and
metal fatigue better.
Steel Steel has the benefit of Low-carbon steels It is a versatile alloy
being the most widely experience yield- that is employed in
utilized and point runout, and mild the building,
economically steel has a automotive,
advantageous building comparatively low aerospace,
 material. It is tensile strength; both infrastructure, home
malleable and ductile, are disadvantages of appliances, and other
and it contains steel. industries.
between 0.05 and
0.320 percent carbon.
Between 0.30 and
0.59% of the steel's
carbon content,
medium carbon steel
combines ductility
and strength while
offering good wear
resistance. High-
carbon steel is
incredibly strong and
includes 0.6-0.99%
carbon, whereas ultra-
high-carbon steel has
a carbon
concentration of 1.0-
2.0% and may be
tempered to a high
degree of hardness.
Brass Brass has many It needs a lot of It is utilized in a
benefits for use in attention because it variety of
architectural tends to tarnish and applications,
applications, turn black. including locks,
including good sockets, and many
corrosion resistance more, where
and qualities for corrosion resistance
joining, plating, and low friction are
polishing, and necessary.
 finishing. It's simple
to machine brass.
Copper Copper is actually It is susceptible to It is used in electrical
beneficial to our corrosion, wiring, roofing,
health as it enables the specifically, plumbing, and
body to form red oxidation, and has a industrial machinery.
blood cells and shorter life
maintain healthy expectancy.
bones and immune
functions, so to speak.
Aside from that,
copper as a cable is
also a great conductor
for electricity to use.