Workshop F

Aug. 6, 2010 2:00-4:00 p.m.

Australasia

Facilitating Transformative Education

Using the Revised Taxonomy for
Teaching and Learning
(Neil O. Pariñas)
1. EDUCATION IS TRANSFORMATION.
2. Transformative education is the continuing process of
bringing out the best in students at all levels of schooling.
3. Transformed learners are skilled in knowing, doing, being,
and living together.
4. Students’ transformative experiences inside the classroom
can be facilitated through the application of the Revised
Taxonomy of Teaching and Learning (formerly called the
Bloom’s Taxonomy).
5. In this workshop, handy tools that will guide the teachers
in facilitating and assessing higher-order thinking skills will
be provided.
6. Participants will be given an opportunity to rethink some of
their practices as formators through structured learning
exercises.
Handouts

1. UNESCO Four Pillars of Education

2. Revised Taxonomy: Reframing our
Understanding of Knowledge and
Cognitive Processes
3. Workshop F Worksheet
My personal experience of
transformative education
 UNESCO’s
Four Pillars of Education
 Please refer to the handout.
 Underline the words/phrases that caught
your attention
 Exercises 1 and 2
 Learning to KNOW
mastery of learning tools
understand the world around them
knowledge and discovery
develop independent judgements on
the world around them
tools, ideas and reference methods
Learning to KNOW
 broad general education and opportunity to
study a small number of subjects in depth
 some breakthroughs in the advancement of
human knowledge occur at the interface of
different specializations.
 learning how to learn - concentration, memory
skills, ability to think
 practical problem-solving
 abstract thought
 deductive and inductive reasoning
 Learning to DO

How do we adapt education so that

it can equip people to do the types
of work needed in the future?
Learning to DO
 Ability to turn advances in knowledge into
innovations that will generate new businesses
and new jobs
 certified skills > personal competence
 physical tasks > tasks with a greater intellectual or
cerebral content
 manufacturing workers > work teams, project groups
 certified skills - specific physical tasks
 personal competence - people skills or interpersonal
skills
Learning to DO
 physical work > service industries
people with good social and communication
skills
intuition, common sense, judgement and
leadership skills
 informal economy - business communities
capable of meeting local requirements
 knowing how to develop personal initiative
personal dynamism, good problem-solving,
decision-making, innovative, team skills
Learning to BE
every person's complete development
mind and body
intelligence
sensitivity
aesthetic appreciation
spirituality
 Learning to
LIVE TOGETHER

Discovering other people

Towards common goals
Learning to
LIVE TOGETHER
 Human diversity
 Similarities, interdependence of all people
 Looking at things from others’ point of view
 Recognition of the rights of other people
 Value common good
 Collaborative projects
 Involvement in social activities
 Conflict resolution
Revised Taxonomy for
Teaching and Learning
 Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives
 1950s- developed by Benjamin Bloom
 Means of expressing qualitatively different kinds of thinking
 Adapted for classroom use as a planning tool
 Continues to be one of the most universally applied models
 Provides a way to organise thinking skills into six levels,
from the most basic to the higher order levels of thinking
 1990s- Lorin Anderson (former student of Bloom) revisited
the taxonomy
 As a result, a number of changes were made
(Pohl, 2000, Learning to Think, Thinking to Learn, pp. 7-8)
Original Terms New Terms

 Evaluation •Creating
 Synthesis •Evaluating
 Analysis •Analysing
 Application •Applying
 Comprehension •Understanding
 Knowledge •Remembering
(Based on Pohl, 2000, Learning to Think, Thinking to Learn, p. 8)
Change in Terms
 The names of six major categories were changed from noun to verb
forms.
 As the taxonomy reflects different forms of thinking and thinking is an
active process verbs were more accurate.
 The subcategories of the six major categories were also replaced by
verbs
 Some subcategories were reorganised.
 The knowledge category was renamed. Knowledge is a product of
thinking and was inappropriate to describe a category of thinking and
was replaced with the word remembering instead.
 Comprehension became understanding and synthesis was renamed
creating in order to better reflect the nature of the thinking described by
each category.
(http://rite.ed.qut.edu.au/oz-teachernet/training/bloom.html (accessed July 2010) ; Pohl, 2000, p. 8)
Change in Emphasis
 More authentic tool for curriculum planning,
instructional delivery and assessment.
 Aimed at a broader audience.
 Easily applied to all levels of schooling.
 The revision emphasises explanation and
description of subcategories.

(http://rite.ed.qut.edu.au/oz-teachernet/training/bloom.html (accessed July 2010; Pohl, 2000, p. 10).

BLOOM’S REVISED TAXONOMY
Creating
Generating new ideas, products, or ways of viewing things
Designing, constructing, planning, producing, inventing.
 
Evaluating
Justifying a decision or course of action
Checking, hypothesising, critiquing, experimenting, judging
 
 Analysing
Breaking information into parts to explore understandings and relationships
Comparing, organising, deconstructing, interrogating, finding
 
Applying
Using information in another familiar situation
Implementing, carrying out, using, executing
 
Understanding
Explaining ideas or concepts
Interpreting, summarising, paraphrasing, classifying, explaining
 
Remembering
Recalling information
Recognising, listing, describing, retrieving, naming, finding
 
 Sample Unit : Space
Cut out “space” pictures from a magazine. Make a display or a
Remembering collage. List space words (Alphabet Key). List the names of the
planets in our universe. List all the things an astronaut would need
for a space journey.
Make your desk into a spaceship, Make an astronaut for a puppet
Understanding play. Use it to tell what an astronaut does. Make a model of the
planets in our solar system.

Keep a diary of your space adventure (5 days). What sort of

Applying instruments would you need to make space music? Make a list of
questions you would like to ask an astronaut.
Make an application form for a person applying for the job of an
Analysing astronaut. Compare Galileo’s telescope to a modern telescope.
Distinguish between the Russian and American space programs.
Compare the benefits of living on Earth and the moon. You can
Evaluating take three people with you to the moon. Choose and give reasons.
Choose a planet you would like to live on- explain why.
Write a newspaper report for the following headline: “Spaceship out
Creating of control”. Use the SCAMPER strategy to design a new space suit.
Create a game called “Space Snap”. Prepare a menu for your
spaceship crew. Design an advertising program for trips to the
moon.
Sample Unit : Travel
How many ways can you travel from one place to another? List
Remembering and draw all the ways you know. Describe one of the vehicles
from your list, draw a diagram and label the parts. Collect
“transport” pictures from magazines- make a poster with info.
How do you get from school to home? Explain the method of
Understanding travel and draw a map. Write a play about a form of modern
transport. Explain how you felt the first time you rode a bicycle.
Make your desk into a form of transport.
Explain why some vehicles are large and others small. Write a
Applying story about the uses of both. Read a story about “The Little Red
Engine” and make up a play about it. Survey 10 other children
to see what bikes they ride. Display on a chart or graph.
Make a jigsaw puzzle of children using bikes safely. What
Analysing problems are there with modern forms of transport and their
uses- write a report. Use a Venn Diagram to compare boats to
planes, or helicopters to bicycles.
What changes would you recommend to road rules to prevent
Evaluating traffic accidents? Debate whether we should be able to buy fuel
at a cheaper rate. Rate transport from slow to fast etc..
Invent a vehicle. Draw or construct it after careful planning.
Creating What sort of transport will there be in twenty years time?
Discuss, write about it and report to the class. Write a song
A good teacher makes
you think even when
you don’t want to.

(Fisher, 1998, Teaching Thinking)

Integration
Exercise 3
Knowledge
Dimension Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create

Factual

Conceptual

Procedural

Meta-
cognitive