Good Morning

To all the
Dignitaries & Delegates
 A technical paper presentation
on

Visualizations
Animation

Authors
S.Alekhya D.Dhushanthi
07G21A1201 07G21A1206
Introduction:

Need of animation:

•Animation is used in visualization to show the time depend

behaviour of complex systems.

•A major part of animation is motion control.

•Early systems did not have the computational power to allow for
animation preview and interactive control.

•Later systems have allowed for different types of a motion

control.
 Animations Techniques:

Today, computers have taken a great deal of handwork out of

the animation and rendering process, and commercial films such as
Jurassic park.

When u creates an animation, organize its execution into a series of

logical steps.

Choose the animation tool best suited for the job. Then build and
tweak your sequence: experiment with lighting effects.

1: cel animation.

2: computer animation.
 Cel Animation:

A minute of animation may thus require as many as 1440

separate frames. The term cel derives from the clear cellouid sheets
that were used for drawing each frame, which have been replaced
today by acetate or plastic.
Cel animation art work begins with key frames i.e., the first
& last frame of an action. The series of frames in between the key
frames are drawn in a process called TWEENING.

Computer animation:

Computer animation programs typically employ the same logic and

procedural concepts as cel animation, using layer, key frames, and tweening
techniques and even borrowing from the vocabulary of classic animators,
 Key frame:

•A key frame is a frame where you define changes in the animation.

•When you create frame by frame animation every frame is a

keyframe

•In key frame animation, you define key frame at important points in
the animation

•Flash creates the content of frames in between. Flash displays the

interpolated frames of a tweened animation as light blue or green with
an arrow drawn between keyframes.

•Keyframes are indicated in the timeline.

 Representations of animation in the timeline:
Motion keyframes are indicated by a black dot and intermediate frames have a black arrow with a light blue
background.

Shape frames are indicated by a black dot and intermediate frames have a black arrow with a light green
background.

A dashed line indicates that the final keyframe is missing .

A single keyframe is indicated by a black dot. Light Gray frame after a single keyframe contain the same
content with no changes and have a black line with a hallow rectangle at the frame of the span.

A small ‘a’ indicates that the frames has been assigned a frame action with
the actions panel.

A red flag indicates that the frame contains a label or comment.

 The sequence of steps to produce a full animation would be as
follow:

1. Develop a script or story for the animation.

2. Lay out a storyboard that is a sequence of informal drawings

that shows the form, structure, and story of the animation.

3. Record a soundtrack.

4. Produce a detailed layout of the action.

5. Correlated the layout with the soundtrack.

6. Create keyframes of the animation.

 Adding sounds
You can make sounds that play continuously, independent of the timeline
or you can synchronize animation to a sound track. You can use sounds
in shared libraries, to link a sound from one library to multiple movies

Layers:
Layers are like transparent sheets of acetate stacked on top of
each other.
Creating layers:

When you create a new layer, it appears above the selected layer.
A newly added layer becomes the active layer.
Click the add layer button at the bottom of the timeline.
 Viewing layers:

As you work, you may want to show or hide layers. A red X next to a layer’s name indicates that the
layer is hidden.
Using guide layers:

For help when drawing you can use guide layers. You can make any layer a guide layer. A guide icon to the
left of the layer name indicates guide layers.
 Making animation that work:
Animation catches the eye and makes things noticeable. Multimedia
authoring systems typically provide tools to simplify creating
animations within that authoring system. And they often have a
mechanism for playing the special animation files created by
dedicated animation software. Today most widely used tool for
creating multimedia animations for Macintosh and windows
 A bouncing ball:

With the simplest tools, you can make a bouncing ball to animate your
web site using GIF89.
S=1/2gt2
And rolling ball, where you should compute the circumference of ball and
divide by the number of images to determine how far it rolls each time it
flashes.
 Types of animation systems:

Scripting systems: scripting systems were the earliest type of motion

control systems .The animator writes a script in the animation
language. Thus, the user must learn this language and the system is
not interactive. One scripting system is ASAL (Actor script animation
language).

Procedural animation: procedures are used that define movement over

time. These might be procedures that use the laws of physics
(physically-based modelling) or animator-generated methods.

Representational animations: this technique allows an object to change

its shape during the animation. There are three subcategories to this.
The first is the animation of articulated objects Composed
to connected rigid segments.
 Applications:
•The children used to like to see the pictures, which are moving
which can be done by the animation.

•By introducing animations in education children can understand

easily.

•In engineering animations are used in project works.

•In medical science animations are used in viewing the nerves other
inner part of the body effectively.

•In commerce they are used in viewing the bar charts to know the
information of stock market.
 Conclusion:

The future of animation is unimaginable; there is no way we can know

what will be released next. Every day a new program, a new rendering
technique enters the market, flipping everything around.

In the future, some people expect the current level animation

(2D, 3D) will be replaced with virtual reality meaning the person
watching a movie will see himself in the movie as a person watching
from side.

One open challenge in computer animation is photorealistic

animation of humans. Currently, most computer-animated movies show
animal characters or cartoon-like humans.

It is one of the “holy grails” of computer animation. Eventually, the

goal is to create software where the animator can generate a movie
sequence showing a photorealistic human character.
Queries