CERO, PRIMER, SEGUNDO Y TERCER CONDICIONAL

0. Zero Conditional: Para describir rutinas o hechos generales

Example
If I leave the house at 8am, I catch the bus at 8.15am
(this always happens = zero condition)

If + Present simple or continuous + subject + present simple

1. First Conditional: Para describir situaciones probables y resultados posibles

Examples
If I see Peter, I´ll give him your message.
If it´s raining when I leave the office tonight, I´ll get a taxi home.

If + present simple or present continuous + subject + will + infinitive

2. Second Conditional: Para describir situaciones imaginarias o muy poco probables y el

resultado.
Examples
If I won the lottery, I would (or I´d) leave my job and travel around the world. (unlikely)
If I were you, I´d apply for a new job. (imaginary)

If + past simple + subject + would + infinitive

IMPORTANTE
- Uso del infinitivo sin TO después de WILL y WOULD.

- En el Segundo condicional usar siempre WERE en lugar de WAS para TODAS las
personas. - If I were you...

EJERCICIO
Rellena los huecos con la forma correcta del condicional

1 - If it .......... (be) sunny tomorrow, we ..........(go) to the beach.

2 - If the 8 o´clock bus .......... (arrive) late, I .......... (get to) work on time.

3 - If I ..........(be) you, I ........... (learn) how to cook.

4 - If I ............ (win) the lottery, I .......... (leave) my job.

5 - If I ............. (go) to that restaurant, I ............ (tell) you what it´s like.

6 - If I ............ (find) an envelope with a lot of money in it in the street , I ............ (take) it to
the nearest police station.

7 - If you ........... (boil) water, it ............... (evaporate)

8 -If you .......... (help) me with my homework, I ........... (help) you clean the kitchen.

9 - If I ............ (arrive) late, .............. you .............. my dinner in the oven please?

10 - If England ............. the match tonight, they .............. (be) in the semi-finals!

3. Third Conditional: Para describir situaciones imaginarias del pasado.

Examples
If I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world. (Si yo hubiera ganado la
lotería, habría viajado por todo el mundo)

If she had explained me the problem, I would have understood it. (Si ella me hubiese
explicado el problema, lo habría entendido.)

if + past perfect + conditional perfect + would/could/might + have + past participle

WILL & GOING TO

Cuando queremos hablar sobre hechos futuros o cosas sobre las que creemos estar seguros
utilizamos “will”

• The President will serve for four years.

• The boss won't be very happy.
• I'm sure you'll like her.

Si no estamos tan seguros sobre el futuro, utilizamos “will” con expresiones como 'probably',
'possibly', 'I think', 'I hope'.

• I hope you'll visit me in my home one day.

• She'll probably be a great success.
• I'll possibly come but I may not get back in time.
I think we'll get on well.

Si haces una predicción del futuro basada en una evidencia en el presente, utlizaremos “going
to”.
• Not a cloud in the sky. It's going to be another warm day.
• Look at the queue. We're not going to get in for hours.
• The traffic is terrible. We're going to miss our flight.
• Be careful! You're going to spill your coffee.

En el momento de tomar la decision se utiliza “will”, una vez la decision ha sido tomada
utilizamos “going to” para hablar de ella.

- I'll call Jenny to let her know. Sarah, I need Jenny's number. I'm going to call her about the
meeting.

- I'll come and have a drink with you but I must let Harry know. Harry, I'm going to have a
drink with Simon.

EJERCICIO

A) Complete the conversations with the correct form of will or going to. Use short forms
where possible.

1 'It's hot in here.' 'OK, I…………….open the window.'

2 'Have you decided what you're doing at Christmas?' 'Yes, we………stay with my parents.'
3 'Why are you driving so fast?' 'Because we……………. be late.'
4 'We're going to Paris for Sylvia's birthday. But it's a secret.' 'Is it? OK, I …………. tell her.'
5 'Oh, no. I haven't got any money! I'll have to go to the bank.' 'I…………….. lend you some.'
6 'Do you want me to give you a lift to the station?' 'No, thanks. It's OK. Dad
………………… take me.'

B) Complete with will and going to

1) Philipp………………….15 next Wednesday. (to be)

2) They ……………………………..a new computer. (to get)
3) I think, my mother………………………. this CD. (to like)
4) Paul's sister ……………………… a baby. (to have)
5) They ……………………..at about 4 in the afternoon. (to arrive)
6) Just a moment. I ………………………….you with the bags. (to help)
7) In 2020 people ……………………………..more hybrid cars. (to buy)
8) Marvin ………………………………. a party next week. (to throw)
9) We …………………………to Venice in June. (to fly)
10) Look at the clouds! It ………………………………. soon. (to rain)

SHOULD
Should es un verbo modal. Verbos modales 'ayudan' a otros verbos. Es decir se usan con otros
verbos para expresar diferentes funciones. Should se usa para dar consejos.

se forma:

Afirmativos
Se usa should + el infinitivo sin to
Se usa should con todas las personas sin cambiar su forma

I
you
he/she/it + should + infinitivo sin to
we
they

EJEMPLO: He should work harder. (deberia trabajar mas).

Negativos
Se usa shouldn't con todas las personas sin cambiar su forma

I
you
he/she/it + shouldn't + infinitivo sin to
we
they

EJEMPLO: We shouldn't arrive late. (No deberiamos llegar tarde).

Preguntas

Should + sujeto + verbo infinitivo sin to

EJEMPLO: Should I study this chapter for the exam? (¿Deberia estudiar este capitulo para el
examen?)

Repuestas cortas

Should I go to the party?

Yes you should.
No you shouldn't.

Se usa:
1. Para dar consejos

EJEMPLO You should do your homework. (deberias hacer tus deberes)

2. Para expresar tu opinion sobre lo que alguien deberia hacer en una situación

EJEMPLO I think you should work harder. (creo que deberias trabajar más)

3. Para hablar del pasado se usa should have + verbo infinitivo sin to

EJEMPLO You should have told me you were going to arrive late.

EJERCICIO

1. I´ve got a headache. You ..................................................(drink/water).

2. I´ve forgotten my books. You..........................................(tell/teacher).
3. My back hurts. You...........................................................(go/doctor's).
4. The house is very untidy. You..........................................(tidy).
5. I've got toothache. You......................................................(see/dentist).