Presentation on

Importance of Communication
The Communication Process
Channels of Communication

Under the Guidance of :

Dr. S.C.Singh
Presented By:
Shivam Srivastava
 Communication
• The word communication has been derived
from the Latin word communis which means
common.

• However , besides commonality,

communication involves the concept of
Transfer, Meaning, and Information.
 Definition
• Communication is defined as the process by
which people seek to share meaning via the
transmission of symbolic messages.
By : F.E.X. Dance
• Communication is the transfer of information
from one person to another person. It is a way of
reaching others by transmitting ideas, facts,
thoughts, feeling, and values.
By : Newstrom and Davis.
Cont….
Communication is the process through which
two or more persons come to exchange ideas
and understanding among themselves.
 Communication process
• Communication has been deemed as a
process.

Msg. Msg. Msg. Msg.

Sender Encoding Channel Decoding Receiver

Feedback
 Elements of Communication Process

• Sender
• Message
• Encoding
• Channel
• Receiver
• Decoding
• Feedback
 Importance of Communication
• Communication is required in every human
interaction whether in the organizational
context or otherwise. The significance of
communication in the context of modern
complex organisations is even greater. These
organisations being designed on the basis of
specialisation and division of labour constitute
a large number of persons. The larger the size
of the organisation, the greater generally is
Cont….
the degree of specialisation and division of
labour and hence, the more urgent is the need
for coordination. This coordination requires
mutual understanding about the
organisational goals, the mode of their
achievement, and the interrelationship
between the work being performed by various
individuals; and all this can be achieved
through communication only.
 Functions of Communication
• Information Function.

• Command and Instructive Function.

• Influence and Persuasive Function.

• Integrative Function.
 Forms of Communication
• Oral Communication.

• Written Communication.

• Non-Verbal and Pictorial communication.

 Merits of Oral Communication.
• Easy communication.

• Effective.

• Instant Feedback.

• Facility for Informal communication.

 Demerits of Oral Communication.
• Lack of proof.

• Lack of Authenticity.

• Time Consuming.
Merits of Written Communication.
• Authenticity.
• Proof for future Reference.
• Communication to Distant Places.

Demerits:
• Costly.
• Overemphasis on Formalisation.
• Lack of Secrecy.
 Channels of Communication
• Formal Channel : As the name implies, it is
deliberately created, officially prescribed path
for flow of communication between the
various positions in the organisation.

• Informal Channel : It is not a result of any

official action, but of the operation of social
forces at work place.
 Differences between formal and informal
communications.
Formal Communication Informal Communication
1. It is based on formal 1. It emerges out of social
organisational relationships. interactions among the people.

2. Channels of communication 2. Channels of communication

are prescribed. depends on individuals’
relationships.

3. It is rigid as deviations are 3. It is quite flexible because

not allowed. nothing is prescribed.
Cont…
Formal Communication Informal Communication
4. Speed of message travel is 4. Message travels faster.
slow because of formalisation.

5. Chances of message 5. Messages are often

distortion are low. distorted.

6. It is treated as authentic. 6. It is not authentic even if the

message is correct.
 Formal Channel
(Communication Networks)
• The officially prescribed communication
network may be designed on the basis of a
single channel or multiple channels as shown.
Single Chain Wheel Circular
Free Flow Inverted V
 Informal channel or Grapevine.
(Communication Network)

Single Strand Gossip

Probability Cluster
 Computer based Communication.
• Electronic mail.

• Intranet and Extranet Links.

• Videoconferencing.
Direction of Communication Flow.
• Downward Flow

• Upward Flow

• Horizontal Communication.
 Recall….
• What is Communication.
• Communication Process.
• Elements of Communication Process.
• Forms of Communication.
• Communication Networks.
• Computer – Based Communication.
• Direction of Communication Flow.
 REFERENCES
• L M Prasad : Principles and Practice of
management.
• James A. F. Stoner; R. Edward Freeman ;
Daniel R. Gilbert, JR. : Management.
???????
Thank You.