Transport Processes

Ms. Rubie Maranan-Causaren

Passive vs. Active Processes
P
Passive
i processes
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Osmosis: film clip
Osmosis
 Tonicityy

Hypotonic solution Isotonic sol’n Hypertonic solution

0.9% NaCl
Effect of hypertonic
solution to plant
cells
Filtration
Facilitated diffusion
Active Processes
Primary Active Transport
Primary Active Transport (continued)
Secondary Active Transport

Secondary active transport. The Na+/K+ pump (a) maintains a concentration of Na+
ions that is higher outside the cell than inside. The resulting Na+ gradient provides
gy for secondaryy active transport
energy p pumps.
p p The sodium ions diffuse back into the
cell by facilitated diffusion. As these ions diffuse some molecules, like glucose, diffuse
in the same direction (b); while others, like H+ and Ca2+ , diffuse in opposite
directions.
Bulk Transport
 Phagocytosis
lysosomes

phagocyte bacteria pseudopod pseudopods fuse

a. b. c.

degraded bacterium h l /di ti vacuole

phagolysosome/digestion l phagosome

f. e. d.

Phagocytosis. (a) A phagocyte approaches particles (e.g. bacterium). Pseudopods

extend
t d from
f th cellll (b) and
the d surroundd the
th particle
ti l (c)
( ) to
t be
b taken
t k i t the
into th cellll by
b
phagocytosis. The pseudopods fuse to form a phagosome (d) which fuses with a
primary lysosome (e) and the bacterium would then be degraded (f).
Phagocytosis
 Pinocytosis
extracellular fluid

cytoplasm

pinocytic vesicle

Pinocytosis. Membrane folds inward forming a

pinocytic vesicle.
Pinocytosis
 Receptor-
p
mediated
endocytosis
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
 Exocytosis
extracellular
t ll l flfluid
id

cytoplasm

secretory vesicle from Golgi

complex

Exocytosis. The membrane of the secretory vesicle fuses with

that of the plasma membrane and the secretory product is
released into the exterior of the cell.
Exocytosis
Endocytosis and exocytosis
Salamat!