LOGIC VOCABULARY Sept 2008

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Conditional Statement Simple Statement

If - Then statement Sentence that can be true or false
A => B ; A implies B Not a question or a command

Biconditional Statement Compound Statement

Conjunction of A => B and B => A Two or more simple statements with connectives
If and only if A then B Connective
A <=> B Logical operation between simple statements
Λ V ==> <==>
Contradiction Consistent
Statement or Conclusion in direct conflict Two statements in logical agreement
with another statement; e.g. P ^ ~P

DeMorgan's Law Converse

Logical equivalence law B => A with reference to A => B
[ A U B ] = ~ [ ~A ^ ~B ] This statement is only valid for a biconditional
[ A ^ B ] = ~ [ ~A U ~B ] Contrapositive of the Inverse

Disjunction V Inverse
"Or" connective logic operation ~ A => ~B with respect to A => B
Two simple statements connected with 'or' This statement is only valid for a biconditional
Contrapositive of the Converse

Conjunction Λ Contrapositive
"And" connective logic operation ~ B => ~ A with respect to A => B
Two simple statements connected with 'and' or 'but' This statement is always valid for a conditional

Conclusion Law of Implication

Result of one or more logical operations P => Q = ~P U Q

Syllogism Premise
A => B and B => C, so A => C Antecedent statement of a Syllogism
A => B is Major Premise, B => C is Minor Premise

Logically Equivalent Paradox

Two statements with identical truth tables
Truth Table
Tool to evaluate logical operations
Table of T's and F's constructed using logic definitions
A self contradictory statement
A statement which seems to be both true and false
Tautology
A logical statement which is always true
Opposite of a contradiction

Truth Value Universal Negative

Assignment of a T or F value to No Students are scholars
a statement or conclusion No A's are B's

Iff <==> Particular Affirmative

Iff = If and only if Some boys are honest
Biconditional; Iff P then Q Some / Many A's are B's

Q only if P Invalid Statement

Q => P Logically incorrect statement
Q is necessary for P Conclusion that does not follow from premise(s)
P => Q
P is sufficient for Q Equivalence Laws
P => Q DeMorgan's Law
Antecedent Law of Implication
P in P => Q Conditional Statement Law of Contraposition
Consequent BiConditional
Q in P => Q Conditional Statement Sept 2008
PFreda, Bangkok Christian College