ANATOMY OF THE EYE & ORBIT

DR R R SUKUL
PROFESSOR
A.M.U.INSTITUTE OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
J.N.MEDICAL COLLEGE,ALIGARH
 Ophthalmology

 Orbit or orbital cavity or space For protection, facilitation

of movement

 Optics

 Eyelid

 Lacrimal System

 Relations of Orbit:
a) Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses
b) Cranial Cavity by Optic Foramina & Sphenoid fissure
c) Oral Cavity
ORBIT
 Base of Orbit
 Apex of Orbit

 Roof, Floor, Medial Wall, Lateral Wall

 Medial WallNearly 25 mm Apart & parallel to each
other
 Angle between medial & lateral wall is 45˚

 Eye Ball lies in anterior orbital space

 Eyeball occupies nearly 20%of orbital space & rest 85%

occupied by muscles, nerves, fat, & connective tissue
MRI SHOWING TRANSVERSE SECTION THROUGH THE MID-ORBIT
 Nasal bone

Lacrimal

Crest of maxilla

Crest of lacrimal
 WALLS OF ORBIT
 ROOF: 1) Frontal: Separates orbital space & anterior cranial fossa ,
anteromedially has frontal sinus inside & trochlea on the surface and
anterolaterally fossa for lacrimal gland
2)Lesser Wing of Sphenoid
 MEDIAL WALL:
1)Ethmoid bone(Mainly):-Lamina papyracea
2) Body of Sphenoid:- Posteriorly
3) Lacrimal bone
4) Frontal Process of Maxilla
5) Fossa for lacrimal sac between anterior lacrimal crest of maxilla & posterior lacrima l crest of
lacrimal bone
 WALLS OF ORBIT(CONTD..)
 FLOOR:
1) Maxilla-Orbital Plate(mainly)
2) Zygomatic- Anterolaterally
3) Palatine- Posteromedially
Floor is thin & in contact with maxillary sinus
 LATERAL WALL:
1) Greater Wing of Sphenoid- Posteriorly
2) Zygomatic-Frontal Process- Anteriorly
 It is the thickest wall of the orbit
ORBITAL FISSURES AND FORAMINA
1. OPTIC CANAL- Between the two roots of lesser wing
of sphenoid & connects orbit to middle cranial fossa
2. SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE- Between Lesser &
Greater Wings of sphenoid, and connects orbit to
middle cranial fossa
3. INFERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE- Between greater
wing of sphenoid above , maxilla and palatine bone
below & zygomatic laterally
4. ETHMOIDAL FORAMINA- Anterior & Posterior in
Fronto-ethmoidal suture
CONTENTS OF ORBITAL CAVITY
EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES IN
ORBIT(LAT. ASPECT)
EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES IN
ORBIT(SUPERIOR VIEW)
ARTERIES IN THE ORBIT(RT SIDE SUP.)
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF ORBIT(LAT.)
NERVES OF ORBIT(SUPERIOR VIEW LT.)
NERVES OF ORBIT(LAT. VIEW)
EYELIDS & CONJUNCTIVA
EYELIDS & CONJUNCTIVA(CONTD..)
LACRIMAL SYSTEM( LEFT)