Y

Y



  
 R



‡ June 19, 1861 midnight of Wednesday

‡ Calamba, Laguna
‡ baptized on June 22, 1861 by Rev. Rufino Collantes
‡ was names ƠJoseơ by the mother of his godfather Rev.
Pedro Casanas, in honor of St. Joseph
‡ Lieutant General Jose Lemery- Governor General of the
Philippines
 º



‡ 
 

- the great great grand father of Rizal in his paternal side
- Chinese immigrant from Fukien city of Changchow
- change his family surname to ƠMercadoơ which means
Ơmarket in english and it also appealed to his business nature
; it also reminded him of his Chinchew ancestors who were
mostly merchant
‡ p 
 
- daughter of a Chinese merchant from Chuanchow
- Christian girl of Manila
- married to Domingo Lameo
 º



‡ Y    

- son of Ines and Domingo

- resided in Biñan and elected as gobernadorcillo
‡ Ju 

- has also been elected as gobernadorcillo like his father

‡ àu  u
- great-great grandfather of Rizal in maternal side
- descendant of Japanese settlers
- married a Filipina named Benigna
‡ u
u
- A Filipino-Chinese lawyer from Pangasinan
 º



Paternal Side Maternal Side

Domingo Lamco Ines dela Rosa Eugenio Ursua Benigna

Francisco Mercado Bernarcha Monicha Manuel de Quintos Regina Ochoa

Juan Mercado Cirila Alejandro Lorenzo Alberto Brigida de

Alonso Quintos

Francisco Teodora Alonso

Mercado Rizal Realonda
 D 

‡ Y    

- born in Binan, Laguna

- May 11, 1818
- educated farmer
- studied Latin and Philosophy at College of San Jose in Manila
- moved to Calamba and became a tenant farmer of
Dominicans
- died at the age of 80, January 5, 1898
- Rizal called him: ƠA model of Fathersơ
 D 

‡  

- born on November 8, 1826 in Manila
- studied at the College of Santa Rosa
- Remarkable woman
- Rizal said: ƠMy mother is a woman of more than ordinary
culture; ...ơ
- died at the age of 85, August 16, 1911
 
 



Saturnina (1850-1913), nicknamed Neneng was the eldest

children. She married Manuel T. Hidalgo.

Paciano (1851-1930), Rizalƞs only brother. Paciano became a

second father to his sibling.

Narcisa (1852-1939), pet name was Sisa. She was a teacher

and a musician by profession, and married Antonino Lopez who
was a school teacher in Morong, Rizal.

Olimpia (1855-1887), pet name was Ypia. Was the fourth child
of the brood who married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph
operator from Manila.
 
 



Lucia (1857-1919) was the fifth child of the Rizal family who
was married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba.

Maria (1859-1945), nickname was Biang. She was the sixth of

the eleven children who married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan,
Laguna.

Jose (1861-1896), nickname was Pepe

Concepcion (1862-1865), died of sickness at the age of 3.

 
 



Josefa (1865-1945) was the ninth child and affectionately

called Panggoy. She remained a spinster throughout her life.

Trinidad ( 1868-1951) Trining was her pet name. Died an old

maid.

Soledad (1870-1929), Choleng was her pet name. She was the
youngest children. She married Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba
  

 



 

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‡ Economic Conditions

- Middle-Class Family (Principalia)

- Two-Storey building rectangular in shape built of adobe
stones and hard wood and roofed with red tiles
- poultry yard
- big garden of tropical fruits
- Owned a carriage and private library (largest in Calamba)
- The children was sent to the colleges in Manila
- Dona Teodora managd and operated a small flour mill and
home made ham press
  

 



 

D


  
‡ Social Conditions

- Participated prominently in all social and religious affairs

in the community
- Gracious hosts to all visitors and guest

‡ Political Conditions

- Francisco Mercado and Juan Mercado were elected as

gobernadorcillo
 
  




 
‡ Rizal was a frail, sickly, and undersized child

‡ An aya (nurse maid) was employed to look after Rizalƞs

comfort.
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- Born and bred in a wholesome atmosphere of Catholicism, Rizal

grew up a good Catholic.
- At the age of three, he began to take part in the family prayers, his
mother, who was a devout Catholic, taught him the Catholic prayers.
- At the age of five, he was able to read haltingly the Spanish family
bible.
-Loved to go to church, pray, take part in novenas, and join the
religious processions.
-It is said the he was so seriously devout that he was laughingly
called ƝManong Joseƞ by the Hermanos and Hermanas Terceras.
- One of the men he esteemed and respected in Calamba during his
boyhood was Fr. Leoncio Lopez, the town priest. He used to visit him
and listened to his stimulating opinions on current events and sound
philosophy of life.
 

 



‡  
 Rizalƞs mother, who was a remarkable woman
of good character and fine culture. On her lap, he learned at the
age of 3 the alphabet and the prayers. As a tutor, Dona Teodora
was patient, conscientious and understanding.
‡     
  u  
u they were
the first private tutors who gave lessons to Rizal at home.
‡     former classmate of Rizalƞs father, who also
became the boyƞs tutor. Unfortunately, he didnƞt live long. He died
five months later.






‡  J   
‡  u
‡    
 

D 



ƠSpare the rod, Spoil the child.ơ

 




Sketches
 




Sketches Painting

Saturnina
 




Sculpture

Clay Statue of a Wild

Pig

Triumph of Science and

Death
 




Sculpture

Model Head of a
Dapitan Girl

Sacred Heart
 




Sculpture

Josephine while sleeping

Prometheus Bound
 



He uses pencil in making sketches, and to mould it in clay
and wax objects which attracted his fancy.
Jose had the soul of genuine artist. He enjoyed looking at
the blooming flowers, the ripening fruits, the dancing waves
of the lake, and the milky clouds in the sky, and listening to
the singing of the birds, chirping of the cicadas, and
murmuring of the breezes.
Rizalƞs sculptures, sketches, drawings, mouldings and
paintings of persons are fraught with deep thoughts and
emotions.
He mastered putting into form the emotional expression of
his human spirit with natural ease, gracefulness and
competence.
ƠAll right laugh at me now! Someday when I die, people will
make monuments and images of me!ơ
 




During the twilight hours of summertime, Rizal, with his pet

dog, used to meditate at the shore of Laguna de Bay on the
sad conditions of his oppressed people.

ƠIn the moonlit, I remembered my hometown and I thought,

with tears in my eyes, of my beloved father, my idolized
mother, and my solicitous sister.ơ
 





‡ Concepcion (1862-1865) died of sickness at an age of 3.

‡ Jose loved most Concepcion among his other sisters.
‡ Concepcionƞs death was Rizalƞs first sorrow.
‡ Rizal remembered having shed real tears for the first time.
 


D
 

‡ Born on March 7, 1857 and died on April 13, 1930 at the age of 79
‡ Studied at the College of San Jose
‡ Older brother and confidant of Rizal
‡ A Patriot in his own right
‡ More than a big brother
‡ The prize of being involved
‡ Joined the Philippine Revolution and became a combat general
after his younger brother was executed
‡ He had two children by mistress Severina Decena
 








‡ Martyrdom of GOMBURZA
January 20, 1872- 200 Filipino soldier and workmen of Cavite
rose in violent mutiny because of the abolition of their
privileges and exemption from polo and tribute
February 17, 1872- by the order of Governor General
Izquierdo, the GOMBURZA were executed Paciano who was
then a student of College of San Jose and was boarding with
Father Burgos, quit college and he returned to Calamba
Rizal knowing it at nearly eleven years old was deeply
affected by it
‡ Injustice to Rizal's Mother
Dona Teodora was arrested on malicious charge that she
aided her brother, Jose Alberto in trying to poison Alberto's
wife.
Y  
 


Unfold, oh timid flower!
Lift up your radiant brow,
This day, Youth of my native
strand!
Your abounding talents show
Resplendently and grand,
Fair hope of my Motherland!

Soar high, oh genius great,

And with noble thoughts fill
their mind;
The honorƞs glorious seat,
May their virgin mind fly and
find
More rapidly than the wind.
Descend with the pleasing light
Of the arts and sciences to the
plain,
Oh Youth, and break forthright
The links of the heavy chain
That your poetic genius
enchain.

See that in the ardent zone,

The Spaniard, where shadows
stand,
Doth offer a shining crown,
With wise and merciful hand
To the son of this Indian land.
You, who heavenward rise
On wings of your rich fantasy,
Seek in the Olympian skies
The tenderest poesy,
More sweet than divine honey;

You of heavenly harmony,

On a calm unperturbed night,
Philomelƞs match in melody,
That in varied symphony
Dissipate manƞs sorrowƞs
blight;
You at thƞimpulse of your mind
The hard rock animate
And your mind with great powƞr
consigned
Transformed into immortal state
The pure memƞry of genius
great;

And you, who with magic

brush
On canvas plain capture
The varied charm of Phoebus,
Loved by the divine Apelles,
And the mantle of Nature;
Run! For geniusƞ sacred
flame
Awaits the artistƞs crowning
Spreading far and wide the
fame
Throughout the sphere
proclaiming
With trumpet the mortalƞs
name
Oh, joyful, joyful day,
The Almighty blessed be
Who, with loving eagerness
Sends you luck and
happiness.
Y  
 


 Whenever people of a
country truly love

The language which by

heav'n they were taught to
use

That country also surely

liberty pursue

As does the bird which soars

to freer space above.
 For language is the final
judge and referee

Upon the people in the land

where it holds sway;

In truth our human race

resembles in this way

The other living beings born

in liberty.
 Whoever knows not how to
love his native tongue

Is worse than any best or

evil smelling fish.

To make our language

richer ought to be our wish

The same as any mother

loves to feed her young.
Tagalog and the Latin
language are the same

And English and Castilian

and the angels' tongue;

And God, whose watchful

care o'er all is flung,

Has given us His blessing in

the speech we claim,
 Our mother tongue, like all
the highest that we know

Had alphabet and letters of

its very own;

But these were lost -- by

furious waves were
overthrown

Like bancas in the stormy

sea, long years ago.