Effective Presentation Skills

by
Basharatullah Malik
 Presentation Skills
The presenter’s ability to convey
his view point with clarity, to
maximize understanding of the
participants about the topic, for
retention and motivation to
implement the concepts at their
work settings.
Contents to be Covered
Exercise 1- 90 minutes
Methods of Plan a Training
Developing a Formal Presentation-Guide Lines
Preparing Power Point Presentation
Presenters Skills:
 Physical
 Voice
 Language
 Digression
 Humor
 Methods-Plan a Training
 Method 1-PREP
 Point-What point is to be discussed and concepts explained?
 Personal View point
 Something strong
 Attention Getter
 Reasons-What reasons are to be given in support of concept
being explained?
 Why you feel this way?
 Example/s- Relevant Examples to be quoted for further
clarity
 Real life Examples
 Support Materials-Research Results etc
 Point-Refer back to original point re state for remembrance
and affirmation
 Methods-Plan a Training
 Method II
 Past
 What has happened in the past?
 Present
 What is current Situation?
 Future
 What is coming up in future?
 What options are available to us for future
planning?
 What should we be doing for Future?
 Methods-Plan a Training
 Method III
 Related Incident Method
 Using Subject for reminding a previous
Incident
 Relating Experience with subject with
lots of detail
 e.g Crisis Management of Atta- relating
with 60’s way of Ration Depots
Methods-Plan a Training
 Method IV
 5 “W’s” and an “H”
 What- Happened and What-Cause?
 Who- is Effected-Who is Involved?
 Where- it happened?
 When- it happened?
 Why- it happened, Why are you concerned?
 How- it happened, How you are involved?
How can we rectify the Situation?
Guidelines
Developing
a
Formal Presentation
Introduction
 Purpose of Introduction
 Objective- What is to be achieved
 Motivate-Get participants Involved
 Out Line-What is to be Covered
Body of Presentation
 Body should cover:
 Essential Information
 Provide Examples
 Allow for discussion and clarification
 Body Should Include:
 Teaching Points
 Examples if Relevant
 Exercises if appropriate
 Reviews if required
 Opportunities for Questions and Discussions
Conclusion-Closing
 Summarize Body in the light of Objectives
 Make Concluding Statement
 Recap what has been learnt
 Stimulate Further Thought and Action
 Learning Agreement- if it is a Training
 Presentation before Seniors
 Conclude by repeating decisions taken
 and who will implement the Decisions
Exercise
 You have to (speak) give Presentation before the Chief Minister on
one of the topics assigned to you:
 All participants to Present for 3 minutes each
 Topics
 1-Why I love my Parents?
 2-My Hero in Life?
 3-If I was a Thanedar? (What I will do?)
 4-What is Important-Money, Health, Fame, Reputation?
 5-What are our strengths as a Pakistani?
 6-How can we be a developed Nation?
 7-Students and politics-Should we take interest?
 8-Terrorist has a point?
 9-Suicide Bombing?
 10-Mind your own Business
Exercise
 All others to critically note for
Discussion:
 Introduction?
 Body of Presentation?
 Conclusion?
 Delivery?
 Body Language?
 Voice?
 Use of Humor?
Preparing
Power Point Presentation
 Assume the standard two-commodity, two-factor Heckscher -Ohlin- Samuelson model. A country
confronted with given international commodity prices produces both goods. It exports cars and
imports beer. The production of cars is relatively capital-intensive compared to the production of
beer. Factor intensity reversals are ruled out.a. Suppose that, due to a large inflow of immigrants,
the country 's labour force is substantially increased. Assuming that the country keeps producing
both goods, what happens.The country 's production of cars and beer? As the prices of both goods
are given, we are under the conditions of the Rybczynski Theorem, so we know that an increase in
the relative quantity of labour available increases the output of the labour intensive good and
decreases th production of the capital-intensive good. Therefore the production of cars goes down
while the production of beer goes up. The basic reasoning behing this result can be sketched
quite quickly. First, as the relative price of the two goods has not changed, the wage/rental ratio
has not changed , as shown on the following graph: A country confronted with given international
commodity prices produces both goods. It exports cars and imports beer. The production of cars
is relatively capital-intensive compared to the production of beer. Factor intensity reversals are
ruled out.a. Suppose that, due to a large inflow of immigrants, the country 's labour force is
substantially increased. Assuming that the country keeps producing both goods, what happens
to:As the prices of both goods are given, we are under the conditions of the Rybczynski Theorem,
so we know that an increase in the relative quantity of labour available increases the output of the
labour intensive good and decreases th production of the capital-intensive good. Therefore the
production of cars goes down while the production of beer goes up. The basic reasoning behing
this result can be sketched quite quickly. First, as the relative price of the two goods has not
changed, the wage/rental ratio has not changed , as shown on the following graph: A country
confronted with given international commodity prices produces both goods. It exports cars and
imports beer. The production of cars is relatively capital-intensive compared to the production of
beer. Factor intensity reversals are ruled out.
 What is Wrong?
 Material Too much
 Font size too small
 Always think that how the participants will take and
understand your message
 The Message must be Readable
 Use simple Language
 Consider( using Language) understanding level of
Participants
Preparing
Power Point Presentation
 Standard font and Style for Slides
 Size 24 to 32
 Top Heading 32 to 42, Bigger than ordinary material
 Heading, Same Font but Bold
 Preferably Bullet points-Avoid details
 Bullet Points should give you the Lead
 Speak from your knowledge-Do not read the slides
 Avoid Slide Show
 Use Italics when creation of difference required
 Use Colors for highlighting the point
 May use ctrl+B for Highlighting/attention
Gaining Audience Attention
 Analyze your Audience
 Set Your Goals-keep always on your mind
 Information to be given
 Action required from participants
 Persuasion for action
 Build Relationship-with participants
 Explain goals before Presentation
 Work for Stickiness
 Sum up achievement at the End
Gaining Audience Attention
 Do Home Work
 Research
 Develop Reserve Power
 Practice-Practice-Practice
 Confidence
 Home work will lead to Confidence
 Be sure of Success
 Deep belief in your Cause
 Careful Preparation-confidence
 Belief- you are more qualified than the participants on the
subject
 Only you know what to say-Forgetting some point is not
known to the audience
Gaining Audience Attention
 Plan Delivery Format
 How you Say is important than What you
say
 Use out line for Guidance
 Use Marking System in Text to guide
delivery
Gaining Audience Attention
 First Impression Matters
 Relaxation of only 30 seconds
 Decisions about Presenter on first appearance
 Plan opening Sentence
 Use short sentences
 Gain attention with a joke, idiom, interesting
fact, quotation, positive statement, or
provocative question
 Incite curiosity to make them look and listen
to you
Gaining Audience Attention
 Passion
 Add personal emotions
 Show your commitment with topic or
theme
 Body language to synchronize with words
Gaining Audience Attention
 Keeping Your Participants Attentive
 Promise to tell, how they can get what they
want
 Outline the topics to be covered-increases
attention
 15% Brain available for attention
 Attract 85% to not to Wander
 Encourage Discussion
 Involve them in Role Playing
 Make them utilize 100% Brain
Gaining Audience Attention
 Manage Expectations
 Clear the Perception at the Beginning
 Lack of clarity can create confusion,
Disappointment
Gaining Audience Attention
 Bore Lecture is a Sinful act
 Do more than a Lecture
 Boredom is in-attention
 Use Visuals, Cartoons, Activities
 Use Videos
 Other
Considerations
Other Considerations
 Time to be consumed based on:
 Availability
 Information to be covered
 Interest of the Participants
 Time Blocks- for each part of Presentation
 Content Coverage-varies
 Target Group-Participants
 Demand of the Client
 Time available
 Demand of the Topic
Other Considerations
 Participants Level
 Methodology (depending on many
factors)
 Lecture-Listening
 Exercises-paper, presentation, role plays
etc
 Learning by Seeing-movies, cartoons
 Experiential Learning- learning by Doing
 in bound & out bound
Other Considerations
 Training Aids ( in control and accessible)
 Multimedia
 Switch Board
 Clips
 Training Exercise Material
 Environment
 Lighting
 AC
Pre-Presentation
Considerations
 Prepare your PPt’s yourself
 Read more and more on and allied topics
 Must Rest-Fresh at the time of presentation
 Throat Condition
 Use of saltish and sweet-little
 Bath or Abulution (Wudhuu)
 Use Fragrance (Khusboo)
 Wear fresh clothes-appropriate for occasion
 Must eat some thing but not full Stomach
 Rehearse
 Calculate Time-no less no more
Appearance
 Physical
 Appearance
 Dress
 Professional Style
 Eye Contact
 Keep them alert
 Make them part of the discussion
 Give Feeling of being spoken to directly
 Give confidence of Facilitator and not Instructor
 Empathy
 Monitor Reactions –Adjust talk
 Look into the Eyes-Instant Feed back
 Appearance
 -------Physical------
 Do Not:
 Stare-specially at Opposite Gender
 Move Eyes side to side-Distraction
 Look Out of window-Boredom
 Look at your feet or ceiling-Nervousness
Body Movements
 Do’s
 Always Face the Participants-Eye contact
 Move Forward to Emphasize-from Podium
 Relax-when talking from behind the table
 Move from side to side-involve all participants
 Don'ts
 Turn your Back towards Participants
 Move around too little or too much
 Stand Rigid
 March
 Slouch
 Gestures
 Appropriate Gestures to emphasize a point
 Don’t
 Park your hands in pocket, waist, in a clasped form
or praying gesture
 Play with Keys or Coins in your pocket
 Move hands too much
 Touch your Ear or Nose frequently
 Cough Excessively
 Rub Palms, washing hands, wringing hands
 Pointing towards a participant with Pointer, Pen, or at
times Finger-may be perceived as offensive
 Voice
 Volume-Loud enough to be heard
 Pitch-Raise or Reduce for emphasis
 Rate of Uttering Words
 Enthusiasm- Speak at Faster rate
 Emphasis- Speak at lower rate
 Do not:
 Speak Quickly-no one understands
 Hop-better reduce contents than to jump
 Speak Slowly – Boring the participants
Language
 Avoid pet Expressions
 Ok, You Know, Like, Matlab e, Goya ke
 Teno’ samnrre’n Bitha ke Sharmaa’n-AKHE
Digression
 Loss of Focus over the Topic by discussing other
interesting issues not having direct relationship with
the topic
 Example;
 For presentation good time management is
necessary-Explanation of Time management is in fact
Self Management- Namaz helps in Self
Management- Namaz is ------Namaz make us to
prioritize- Prioritization is key to success for time
management and it is ---------Prioritization depends
upon understanding of Pareto Rule, which is -------
 Digress for Attention
 Avoid Double or Multiple Digression
smoking.mpeg
 Humor
 Appropriate Humor at right time
 Relevance is must
 Never throw a joke telling, “ I tell you a joke”
 Tell a joke as it is a tale-Qissa
 Pauses are very important
 Never tell a filthy joke
 Do not laugh at your own joke-give smile it
will be enjoyed more by the participants
 Laughing at your own joke before uttering
final sentence
A Bad Ape [from www.metacafe.com].wmv