COMPUTER-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING

In the last decade, the use of computers has developed rapidly throughout the world. For educational purposes, computers play a crucial role where their function as a media to develope students ability. Suporting the computers usage in learning teaching, so CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) was created to meet a demand of learning language as a second language. CALL is reputed as an application which used in learning teaching language by computer technology as a presentation media. The function of CALL itself is as a connenction media between teacher and student which helps the student to know about materials easily and helps the teacher to convey the materials in interesting way. CALL is related to several terms. Some of them are almost same, and others are different. The term is devided by their specific function and their purpose. For example: CAI (Computer-Aided Instruction), CMC (Computer-Mediated Communication), WELL (WebEnhance Language Learning), and CMI (Computer-Manage Instruction). CAI (Computer-Aided Instruction) is the tutorial program of students test comprehension. The student will be given the question by the computer, and the student types in an answer and then gets an immediate response to the answer. If the answer is correct, the student is routed to more challenging problems; if the answer is incorrect, various computer messages will indicate the flaw in procedure, and the program will postpone more complicated questions until the student shows mastery in that area. The next is CMC (Computer-Mediated Communication). The aim of CMC is to facilitate between the teacher and the student by using the internet part in order to make the communication easy even without face to face. CMC is devided into two types. The one is direct communication by using chat application such as; Yahoo Messenger, Skype, or Google

Talk. The another is indirect communication by using e-mail. The advantages by using e-mail is the space for longer messages. The fourth is WELL (Web-Enhanced Language Learning). Using WELL, student can access the materials anytime and anywhere with internet connection. The reason why teachers use the WELL in their class is the convenience for the student to acquiring the course content and communicating with the teacher. The last is CMI (Computer-Managed Instruction). It can refer either to the use of computers by school staff to organize student data and make instructional decisions or to activities in which the computer evaluates students' test performance, guides them to appropriate instructional resources, and keeps records of their progress. Applying CALL in learning and teaching need some condition in order to make it success. There are Interactivity, usability, content appropriatness, effectiveness, and performance. Interactivity is needed to stimulate the learners at giving feedback to the computer. Interactivity indicates whether the learners understand about the computers command or not. Then, usability refers to aplication dealing to programs used which have to be easy to understand. The aplication of the computer is expected not to make the learners confuse. Afterwards, the content of the materials should be suited by the learners ability. For example, the computers aplication thats created for the elementary students should not too complicated in order not to make the learners confuse. The next is effectiveness. The effectiveness refers to the program whether it could given the improvement of students ability or not. The last is performance. It refers to the appearance of the program. It means that the layout of the screen, the color, and the illustrations such as; picture, diagram, chart, etc. Performance influence to the students anxiety of using program.

The implementation of using CALL in teaching learning language is provided in many ways. For example, using CMC program in majoring writing ability by email. Email is used to communicate between learner and the teacher. The learners send their writing product to their teacher, then the teacher receives the email and correct the students writing error. The teacher gives the feedback within the correction of students error. Then, using CIA in majoring grammar ability by grammar software that installed in all computeres at lab. The teacher controls the test from the main computer, while the students are having the test. The test shows the question one by one, then the students must answer those question. If they cannot answer correctly, the computer repeats by giving the others question but still in the same area, and the student will not go to the next question. According from the explanation above, CALL as a computers program which help both student and the teacher in teaching and learning language process is a great invention in this decade. Despite of using CALL has many terms of condition, its use still giving the improvment in learning teaching language.