The following reference information should appear on page i of the preliminary pages

General data and fundamental constants

~

Quantity

Symbol

Value_______

Speed oflight

2.997925 58*

Elementary charge

1.602 176

Faraday constant

Power of ten

Units__~

10-19

9.64853

Boltzmann constant

10-23

10-2
10

JK-I mol'
L bar K-I mol!
L atm K-1 mol"!
L TorrK-1 mol-I

10-34

Js

n =h/2n

10-34

Js

1023

mol!

1.66054

10-27

kg

9.10938
1.672 62
1.67493

10-31
10-27
10-27

kg
kg
kg

8.85419

10-12

1.11265

10-10

Gas constant

8.31447
8.31447
8.20574
6.23637

Planck's constant

10-2

Avogadro's constant
Atomic mass unit

Mass
electron
proton
neutron

mp
mn

me

Vacuum permittivity

~_...J

C'mol!

1.38065

__

Vacuum permeability
flo
4n
10-7
J S2C-2 m-I (= T2 J-I m")
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Magneton
10-24
Bohr
flB = en/2me
9.27401
10-27
nuclear
flN = enj2mp
5.05078
g value
ge
2.002 32
......

Bohr radius
Go = 4neon2/mee2
5.291 77
10-11
m
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3
Fine-structure constant
a = floe2c/2h
7.29735
10a-I
1.37036
102
Second radiation constant
.

'

c2 = hc/k

,., .

Stefan-Boltzmannconstant
.....................
Rydberg constant

u=2n5k4/15h3c2
..
R = mee4/8h3cc~

Standard acceleration offree fall

"

,.,

10-2

1.43878

, .

"

, .

5.67051
,'

mK
,

10-8
,'

,'

1.09737

m S-2
10-11

6.673

* Exact value

The Greek alphabet

upsilon

XI

Y,v
et>, IjJ

phi

n.

pi

X,X

chi

kappa

P,p

rho

'It,

A,},

lambda

L,a

sigma

Q,w

M,f.l

mu

T,7:

tau

A,a

alpha

H,1J

eta

B,fJ

beta

e,e

r,y

gamma

~,J

nu

theta

N,v
3, ,;

I, I

iota

delta

K,K

E,e

epsilon

Z,(

zeta

lfI

psi
omega

"

crrr '

Gravitational constant

"

105

9.80665*

.,

Wm-2K-4

N m? kg-2

Mathematical relations
11:

3.141592

65359

2.71828182846

Integrals

Jx"dx

1nx - 1ny
a 1nx

{ex>

Jo

x"e-axdx

Inx = (In 10) log x = (2.302585

a"+!

*-

if a2

... ) logx

erf z

e ix

At T

cos x i sin x

RT
Taylor expansions

f(x)

= ~

-.L

~
nt
1l=0

In x

[dllf]
dx"
a

t (x -

(x - 1) -

In (1 +X ) -X-ZX

X2

_1_
I+x

(x-a)"

+ x + t x2 + ...

ex = 1

+ constant

b2

Jz

1- x

1)2 +
+3XI

t (X -

I? -

t (x - 1)4 +

RT/F

25.693 mV

RTln 10fF

59.160 mV

kT/he

207.226 crrr '

kT/e
VBm

25.693 meV
2.4790 x 10-2 m ' mol!

24.790 L mol-1

Conversion factors

...

1.60218 x 10-19 J

1eV

...

96.485 kJ mol!

+ g)

d(fg)

8065.5 cm :'

df

fdg

I = -dfI
dg
g
df
dt

sin(a+b)x
2(a +b)

2(a-b)

298.15 K
2.4790 kJ mol-I

Derivatives
d(f

+ constant

Useful relations

eax

(t a) sin Zax

= 2y, {o e-y2dy
It

(eX)a

= ~

= sin(a-b)x

ln x"

In x + constant

In (xfY)

+ constant

J sin? ax dx t x Jsinaxsinbxdx

1nxy ...

n+l

J dx

Logarithms and exponentials

1nx + 1ny + ...

= X"-

1 atm

+ gdf

760* TOff

-Id g

[ox] [oz] - -1
[oy]
ox z OZ y oy x -

dx

1A

lO-lom*

IT

104G*
101.325 J*

1 L atm

e;oc

TfK-273.15*

(* Exact values)

Unit relations

dx" = nxr:'
dx
=

1D

1.9864 x 10-23 J
3.33564 x 1O-30C m

1 crrr '

g2

dfdg
dg dt

JL eax

4.184* J
101.325* kPa

1 cal

+ dg

aeax

1 kg m2 S-2

Energy

1J

Force
Pressure

1AVs
1 kg m S-2
IN
1 Pa = 1 Nm-2 = 1 kg m! s-2
1 J m -'

Charge
Potential difference

1C
IV

1 As
1 J C-I = 1 kg m? S-3 A:'

Prefixes
z

J.1

ID

Da

zepto
10-21

atto
10-18

femto
10-15

plCO
10-12

nano
10-9

micro
10-6

milli
10-3

centi
10-2

deci
10-1

deka
101

kilo
103

mega

gIg a

106

109

tera
1012

1J

Period
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