Pipe Flow/Friction Factor Calculations II: ( S.I.

units )
Calculation of pipe diameter, D, for given flow rate, Q, pipe length, L, pipe roughness, e, head loss, hL, and fluid properties, r & m.
(NOTE: This is an iterative calculation. An assumed value of D will be used to start.)
1. Determine Friction Factor, f, assuming completely turbulent flow

[ f = 1.14 + 2 log10(D/e)-2 ]

Inputs
Allowable Head Loss, hL =

Calculations
Assumed Pipe Diam, D* =

470

1200

mm

Pipe Roughness, e =

0.15

mm

Pipe Diameter, D =

1.2000

Pipe Length, L =

1600

Friction Factor, f =

0.01249

Pipe Flow Rate, Q =

1.050

m3/s

Cross-Sect. Area, A =

1.1310

m2

Fluid Density, r =

1000

kg/m3

Ave. Velocity, V =

0.9

m/s

Fluid Viscosity, m =

0.0013

N-s/m2

Reynolds number, Re =

856,988

2. Check on whether the given flow is "completely turbulent flow"

(Calculate f with the transition region equation and see if differs from the one calculated above.)

[ f = {-2*log10[((e/D)/3.7)+(2.51/(Re*(f1/2))]}-2 ]
Transistion Region Friction Factor, f: f= 0.0140

Repeat calc of f using new value of f:

f=

0.0140

Repeat again if necessary:

f=

0.0140

3. Calculate pipe diameter, D using the final value for f calculated in step 2

[ D = f(L/hL)(V2/2g) ]

Pipe Diameter, D =

0.002

mm

NOTE: This iterative procedure doesn't converge smoothly to a solution. If the calculated pipe diameter in this step is larger than the assumed pipe diameter above, then replace the assumed pipe diameter value with the next larger standard pipe size. Repeat until you find the smallest standard pipe diameter that gives a smaller calculated required pipe diameter. That is your solution.

With the example values given here, an assumed pipe diameter of 65 mm gives a calculated pipe diameter requirement of 167 mm, increasing the assumed pipe diameter to the next standard pipe size ( 80 mm ) gives a calculated pipe diameter requirement of 70 mm, so an 80 mm size is the minimum standard pipe diameter that will do the job.

*Standard pipe diameters in mm:

6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 750, 900, 1050, 1200, 1350, 1750, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000

( 80 mm ) gives a calculated pipe diameter requirement of 70 mm, so an 80 mm size is the minimum

470

Pipe Flow/Friction Factor Calculations II: ( S.I. units )

Calculation of pipe diameter, D, for given flow rate, Q, pipe length, L, pipe roughness, e, head loss, hL, and fluid properties, r & m.
(NOTE: This is an iterative calculation. An assumed value of D will be used to start.)
1. Determine Friction Factor, f, assuming completely turbulent flow

[ f = 1.14 + 2 log10(D/e)-2 ]

Inputs
Allowable Head Loss, hL =

Calculations
Assumed Pipe Diam, D* =

470

1200

mm

Pipe Roughness, e =

0.15

mm

Pipe Diameter, D =

1.2000

Pipe Length, L =

1600

Friction Factor, f =

0.01249

Pipe Flow Rate, Q =

1.050

m3/s

Cross-Sect. Area, A =

1.1310

m2

Fluid Density, r =

1000

kg/m3

Ave. Velocity, V =

0.9

m/s

Fluid Viscosity, m =

0.0013

N-s/m2

Reynolds number, Re =

856,988

2. Check on whether the given flow is "completely turbulent flow"

(Calculate f with the transition region equation and see if differs from the one calculated above.)

[ f = {-2*log10[((e/D)/3.7)+(2.51/(Re*(f1/2))]}-2 ]
Transistion Region Friction Factor, f: f= 0.0140

Repeat calc of f using new value of f:

f=

0.0140

Repeat again if necessary:

f=

0.0140

3. Calculate pipe diameter, D using the final value for f calculated in step 2

[ D = f(L/hL)(V2/2g) ]

Pipe Diameter, D =

0.002

mm

NOTE: This iterative procedure doesn't converge smoothly to a solution. If the calculated pipe diameter in this step is larger than the assumed pipe diameter above, then replace the assumed pipe diameter value with the next larger standard pipe size. Repeat until you find the smallest standard pipe diameter that gives a smaller calculated required pipe diameter. That is your solution.

With the example values given here, an assumed pipe diameter of 65 mm gives a calculated pipe diameter requirement of 167 mm, increasing the assumed pipe diameter to the next standard pipe size ( 80 mm ) gives a calculated pipe diameter requirement of 70 mm, so an 80 mm size is the minimum standard pipe diameter that will do the job.

*Standard pipe diameters in mm:

6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 750, 900, 1050, 1200, 1350, 1750, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000

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