Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Phonetics:
The study of speech sounds
(the physical aspects of speech
production)
• Phonology:
The study of sound patterns of
language
Phonetics
Involves three aspects:
• How our speech sounds are
produced (articulatory phonetics)
• How these sounds are transmitted
(acoustic phonetics)
• How the sounds are perceived
(auditory phonetics)
Articulatory Phonetics
• Relatively easy to observe
It involves:
• Speech organs & Speech sounds
production
• Sounds description and their properties
Phonology
• Phonemic principles:
minimal pair ( man - pan ), / minimal set (man –
pan, ban, tan, ran), mean – moan, men, mine,
Allophone [p] – [ph], distinctive features
• Alternations (variation/alternant in words):
‘receive ~ reception’
• Upper surface:
upper lip, upper teeth, alveolar ridge, hard
palate, soft palate (velum), uvula, pharynx wall
• Lower surface:
lower lip, tongue (tip, blade, front, center,
back, root), epiglottis
Manners of Articulation
• Stop
• Fricative
• Approximant
• Lateral (approximant)
• Trill (Roll)
• Tap / Flap