Ubuntu 8.10 Desktop Course Book Instructor Russian

Ubuntu Desktop Training

Written by and attributed to Canonical Ltd. and the Ubuntu Training community 2008-2009.
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1. (Ubuntu) ........................................................................................ 1
(Open Source) ......................................................... 1
(Free Software Movement),
(Open Source) Linux ................................................... 2
(Free Software Movement) .......... 2
(Open Source Movement) Linux .............. 3
(Ubuntu) ................................................................................................. 5
Ubuntu .............................................................................................. 6
.................................................................................................. 6
Ubuntu ......................................................................................... 8
Ubuntu ........................................................................ 8
Ubuntu Microsoft Windows: ......................................................... 10
....................................................................................................... 12
.................................................................................................... 13
............................................................................................................ 17
............................................................................................................ 17
2. Ubuntu Desktop ........................................................................................ 19
Ubuntu Desktop ..................................................................................... 19
(Changing the Default Language) ............................................................. 29
........................................... 32
............................................................................ 36
- Compiz Fusion ................................................................... 37
..................................................................................................... 39
......................................................................... 39
............................................................................................................ 39
3. .............................................................................................. 41
........................................................... 41
................................................................................................ 42
[Using a Cable Connection] ............................................... 42
............................................................. 45
[Using a Dial-up Connection] .............. 46
[Browsing the Web] .............................................................. 48
RSS [Using an RSS feed
reader] .................................................................................................................... 51
Liferea ................................................................................ 51
.................................................................................... 56
Evolution .................................................................................. 57
............................................. 67
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............................................................................. 75
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Ekiga .................................................................................... 81
Skype ............................................................................................................. 88
.............................................................................................................. 88
......................................................................... 89
............................................................................................................ 89
4. OpenOffice .......................................................................... 91
OpenOffice.org ......................................................................... 91
OpenOffice.org Writer ....................................................................................... 92
OpenOffice.org Calc .......................................................................................... 92
OpenOffice.org Impress ..................................................................................... 93
OpenOffice.org Base ......................................................................................... 93
OpenOffice.org Draw ........................................................................................ 93
OpenOffice.org Math ......................................................................................... 93
OpenOffice.org Writer ......................................................................... 93
OpenOffice.org Writer ........................................................... 93
...................................... 95
OpenOffice.org Calc .......................................................................... 109
OpenOffice.org Calc ........................................................... 109
............................................. 110
OpenOffice.org Impress ..................................................................... 124
OpenOffice.org Impress ....................................................... 124
........................................................... 124
OpenOffice.org Draw ........................................................................ 140
OpenOffice.org Draw .......................................................... 140
....................................................... 141
OpenOffice.org Math ......................................................................... 152
OpenOffice.org Math ........................................................... 152
................................................................. 153
.................................................................................. 158
GnuCash ...................................................................... 158
................................................................................................................... 160
....................................................................... 161
.......................................................................................................... 162
5. .......................................................................................................... 169
Ubuntu ......................................................................................... 169
........................................................................ 169
Ubuntu ............................................................................................ 172
Frozen-Bubble ..................................................................................... 173
PlanetPenguin Racer ................................................................................ 177
.......................................................................... 183
Wine ....................................................................................... 183
Microsoft Windows Ubuntu ...................................................... 184
............................................................................................................ 184
.................................................................................................... 184
(-) ...................................................................................................... 184
6. ...................................................................... 186
............................................................................................................... 186
....................................................................................... 186
...................................................................... 186
(The Theme) ( (Buttons) & (icons)) ...................... 193
.......................................................................... 199
........................................................................ 201
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3D ..........................................................................................................
Nautilus .......................................................................
Nautilus .....................................................................................
"" (Nautilus) ......................................................................................
.................................................................................................
..............................................................................
/ ......................................................
Synaptic ..............................................................
...................................................................................
Debian ...............................................................
..................................................................
.................................................................................
.......................................................................................
..........................................................................................................
.........................................................................
(-) ......................................................................................................
7. .............................................................................
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F-Spot .........................................
F-Spot ..........................................................................
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GIMP ......................................................................................................
Inkscape ...............................................................................
Inkscape .........................................................................................
InkScape ............................................
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8. .........................................................................................................
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Rhythmbox ..................................................
Audio CD .......................................................
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Audio CDs ..................................................................................................
. .............................................
iPod ...............................................................................................
iPod ..........................................................................
.................................................................
....................................................................................
..........................................................................
DVD ...........................................................................................
DVD Totem Movie Player ........................................................
DVD ..........................................................................
- ........................................................................
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............................................................................................
Pitivi ...........................................................
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9. Ubuntu ....................................................................................... 339
............................................................................................................... 339
........................................................................................ 340
............................................................................................ 341
........................................................................................... 344
....................................................................................... 344
- .................................................................................................. 347
IRC ................................................................................................... 349
...................................................................................... 351
Wiki Ubuntu ..................................................................................... 353
Launchpad ............................................................................................................. 353
Launchpad ................................................................... 355
Launchpad: Malone ..................................................... 357
Shipit ............................................................................................................ 359
Fridge ................................................................................................................... 360
................................................................................ 361
Canonical ............................................ 361
The Canonical Marketplace ............................................................................... 363
................................................................................................................... 364
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10. .................................................................................................. 367
................................................................................................. 367
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GParted Synaptic. ............................... 370
Gparted .......................................................................... 375
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1.1. (Linus Benedict Torvalds) ....................................................... 3
1.2. (Open Source Movement) .................. 4
1.3. (Mark Shuttleworth) ............................................................................ 5
1.4. ........................................................................................................... 7
1.5. Ubuntu ................................................................................................. 11
1.6. ................................................................................... 12
1.7. ............................................................................................... 13
1.8. Evolution ........................................................................................ 15
1.9. OpenOffice.org ........................................................................... 16
1.10. GIMP ...................................................................................................................... 17
2.1. Ubuntu ............................................................................ 20
2.2. ............................................................................................... 20
2.3. ............................................................................................... 21
2.4. (Applications) ................................................................................ 21
2.5. (Places) .............................................................................................. 22
2.6. (System) ............................................................................................. 22
2.7. .................................................................................................................... 22
2.8. .................................................................................................... 23
2.9. ........................................................................................ 23
2.10. .................................................................................................. 24
2.11. ...................................................................................... 24
2.12. (Moving Shortcut) ..................................................................... 25
2.13. (The Fast User Switch Icon) ..................... 25
2.14. (Top Panel Icons) .................................................................... 25
2.15. (Show the Desktop) .................................................................. 26
2.16. (Open Applications) ................................................................. 26
2.17. (The Workspace Icon) ........................... 26
2.18. (Switching Workspaces) ................................... 27
2.19. (Splitting Windows into Workspaces) ............. 27
2.20. (Creating New Workspaces) .......................................... 28
2.21. (Workspace Switcher Preferences) .................... 28
2.22. (The Waste Basket Icon and Menu) ............................................ 29
2.23. (Deleting Items from Trash) ............................................ 29
2.24. (Configuring Language Support) ......................................................... 30
2.25. (Installing Language Support Updates) ............... 31
2.26. (Installing Default Language Support) ................................................... 32
2.27. ....................................................................... 33
2.28. .......................................................................................... 33
2.29. .............................................................................. 34
2.30. ............................................................................................... 35
2.31. .................................................................................... 35
2.32. / .................................................................. 36
2.33. Synaptic ............................................................................ 37
2.34. (Appearance Preferences) ........................... 38
2.35. ............................................................................... 38
3.1. .......................................................................................................... 42
3.2. ......................................................... 42
3.3. [Accessing Network Settings] ................................................. 43
3.4. ......................................................................................................... 43
3.5. eth0 [eth0 Properties] .................................................................................... 44
3.6. ......................................................................................................... 45
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3.7. [Choosing a Wireless Connection] .................................
3.8. .........................................................................................................
3.9. ppp0 [pppo Properties] ................................................................................
3.10. Firefox ............................................................................................
3.11. ..................................................................................
3.12. ....................................................................................................
3.13. - ...................................................................
3.14. , ........................................................
3.15. ..........................................................................................................
3.16. Liferea Feed Reader ........................................................................................
3.17. ..................................................................................
3.18. ...................................................................................
3.19. .......................................................................................
3.20. Evolution Mail ...............................................................................................
3.21. .............................................................
3.22. Evolution ............................................................
3.23. ...........................................................................................
3.24. .........................................................................
3.25. POP- ............................................................................................
3.26. ......................................................
3.27. SMTP- .........................................................................................
3.28. .............................................................................
3.29. .........................................................................................
3.30. Evolution .................................................................................................................
3.31. Synaptic ...........................................................................
3.32. Thunderbird .........................................................................................
3.33. Thunderbird ...................................................................
3.34. .......................................................................................
3.35. Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News ........................................................................
3.36. Thunderbird .....................................................................................................
3.37. - ....................................................................................
3.38. .........................................................................................
3.39. ..............................................................................................
3.40. Thunderbird - ..................................................................................
3.41. Pidgin ...............................................................
3.42. .............................................................................
3.43. ...........................................................
3.44. ............................................................................
3.45. .................................................................................
3.46. .....................................................................................................
3.47. ..........................................................................................
3.48. ......................................................................................................
3.49. Ekiga ........................................................................
3.50. , .........................................................
3.51. ekiga.net ...............................................................
3.52. .........................................................................................
3.53. NAT .....................................................................................................
3.54. ............................................................................................
3.55. .......................................................................................
3.56. ...........................................................................................
3.57. ............................................................................................
3.58. ...............................................................................
3.59. Ekiga ..............................................................................................................
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4.1. OpenOffice.org ................................................................................................ 92
4.2. Writer ............................................................................................................ 95
4.3. ............................................................................... 96
4.4. .................................................................................................. 96
4.5. ........................................................................ 97
4.6. ..................................................................... 98
4.7. ......................................................................... 98
4.8. ..................................................................................................... 99
4.9. ....................................................................................................... 99
4.10. ............................................................................... 100
4.11. .................................................................................................. 101
4.12. ....................................................................................... 101
4.13. .................................................................................. 102
4.14. ................................................................................. 103
4.15. ............................................................................................... 103
4.16. .............................................................................................. 104
4.17. ............................................................................. 105
4.18. ..................................................................................... 106
4.19. ....................................................................................... 106
4.20. ................................................................................................. 107
4.21. ............................................................................... 107
4.22. ........................................................................................... 108
4.23. Word ..................................................................................... 109
4.24. Calc ........................................................................................................... 111
4.25. Calc .............................................................................................................. 111
4.26. ........................................................................................... 112
4.27. ...................................................................... 113
4.28. ............................................................. 113
4.29. (Autoformat) ............................................................... 114
4.30. ..................................................................................................... 114
4.31. ................................................................................ 115
4.32. (Function Wizard) ............................................................... 116
4.33. ..................................................................................................... 117
4.34. .................................................................... 117
4.35. ........................................................................................... 118
4.36. ............................................................................................. 118
4.37. ................................................................................................ 119
4.38. ....................................................................................... 120
4.39. .......................................................................................... 120
4.40. .......................................................................................... 121
4.41. PDF ....................................................................... 122
4.42. PDF .............................................................................................. 122
4.43. PDF .................................................................................................. 123
4.44. PDF ............................................................................................................. 123
4.45. Impress ....................................................................................................... 125
4.46. ...................................................................... 125
4.47. Impress .............................................................................................. 126
4.48. ............................................................................ 126
4.49. ........................................................................................... 127
4.50. ............................................................................................ 128
4.51. ................................................................................. 128
4.52. ..................................................................................... 129
4.53. ....................................................................................... 129
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4.54. .......................................................................................................
4.55. ..............................................................................................
4.56. ................................................................................
4.57. ................................................................
4.58. .........................................................................
4.59. Fontwork ..........................................................................
4.60. 3D ...............................................................................................................
4.61. 3D ..............................................................................................
4.62. 3D- ..........................................................................
4.63. 3D- ..............................................................................................
4.64. .........................................................................
4.65. ..........................................................................
4.66. ...........................................................................................
4.67. ............................................................................................
4.68. ..............................................................................
4.69. .............................................................................................
4.70. - .......................................................................................
4.71. ..............................................................................................
4.72. Flash ........................................................................
4.73. Draw .................................................................................................
4.74. ........................................................................................................
4.75. ................................................................................................
4.76. ................................................................................................
4.77. ............................................................................................
4.78. ........................................................................................
4.79. ........................................................................................
4.80. .............................................................................................
4.81. ...................................................................................................
4.82. ................................................................................................
4.83. ................................................................................
4.84. ..............................................................................................
4.85. ..................................................................................
4.86. .......................................................................
4.87. ..............................................................
4.88. ...........................................................................
4.89. .................................................................................................
4.90. Math ..........................................................................................................
4.91. .......................................................................................
4.92. .....................................................................................
4.93. ...................................................................................................
4.94. ..........................................................................................
4.95. .....................................................................................
4.96. .........................................................................................
4.97. .............................................................................................
4.98. ...................................................................................
4.99. ......................................................................................
4.100. GnuCash ..........................................................
5.1. / (Add/Remove) .................................................................
5.2. / (Add/Remove Applications) ..................................................
5.3. ..........................................................................................
5.4. .............................................................................................................
5.5. .......................................................................................
5.6. ........................................
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5.7. ............................................................................................................
5.8. Frozen-Bubble ............................................................................................
5.9. (Main Menu) Frozen-Bubble ..................................................................
5.10. ...........................................................................................
5.11. ..........................................................................................
5.12. - .................................................................
5.13. .............................................................................
5.14. ......................................................................................
5.15. PlanetPenguin Racer ......................................................................................
5.16. ......................................................................................................
5.17. ..............................................................................................
5.18. .......................................................................................
5.19. ...................................................................................
5.20. ..........................................................................................................
5.21. PlanetPenguin Racer ........................................................................................
6.1. (Appearance Preferences) ................................
6.2. ................................................................................
6.3. ............................................................................................
6.4. .......................................
6.5. ....................................................................................................
6.6. ............................................................................
6.7. ....................................................................................................
6.8. .............................................................................................
6.9. ...........................................................................................................
6.10. .........................................................................................................
6.11. ............................................................................
6.12. ..................................................................
6.13. : ........................................................................................
6.14. ...................................................................................
6.15. .......................................................................
6.16. .........................................
6.17. .....................................................................................
6.18. ..........................................................................................
6.19. ......................................................................................
6.20. .........................................................................................
6.21. (Blue Heart) ..........................................................
6.22. ....................................................................
6.23. ..................................................................
6.24. ..................................................................
6.25. .................................................................................
6.26. ................................................................................
6.27. ........................................................................
6.28. ........................................................................................................
6.29. .....................................................................
6.30. ...................................................................
6.31. .......................................
6.32. / ..................................................................
6.33. / ....................................................................
6.34. ..........................................................
6.35. ........................................................................
6.36. ......................................................................................
6.37. ...........................................................
6.38. .......................................................................................
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6.39. - Atomix ............................................................
6.40. Synaptic ..........................................................................
6.41. Synaptic ...........................................................................
6.42. ....................................................................................
6.43. ...................................................................................
6.44. .............................................................
6.45. ...............................
6.46. ..........................................................
6.47. .......................................................................................
6.48. - Abiword ..........................................................
6.49. ......................................................
6.50. .................................................................................
6.51. .........................................................
6.52. APT .......................................................
6.53. ............
6.54. ...............................
6.55. ......................................................................................
7.1. F-Spot ............................................................................................................
7.2. ...............................................................................................
7.3. ....................................................................
7.4. ........................................................
7.5. ...............................................................................................
7.6. ............................................................................................
7.7. ....................................................................
7.8. ................................................................................
7.9. ..............................................................................................
7.10. ......................................................
7.11. ..............................................................................
7.12. ............................................................................
7.13. .........................................................................
7.14. ...............................................................................
7.15. GIMP ...........................................................................
7.16. ..............................................................
7.17. ..................................................................................
7.18. Synaptic .........................................................................
7.19. Inkscape .......................................................................................................
7.20. Inkscape ................................................................................
7.21. .....................................................................................
7.22. ......................................................................
7.23. .................................................................................................
7.24. ...............................................................................................
7.25. XSane .............................................................................................
7.26. ...........................................................................................
8.1. Rhythmbox ....................................................................................................
8.2. Rhythmbox ..........................................................................................
8.3. ....................................................................................
8.4. ...........................................................................
8.5. Rhythmbox ......................................................................................................
8.6. .............................................................................
8.7. ....................................................................................................
8.8. ..................................................................................................
8.9. .................................................................................................
8.10. ......................................................................................
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8.11. ........................................................................................
8.12. ..........................................................................................
8.13. ...................................................................................
8.14. .............................................................................................
8.15. ..........................................................................................
8.16. - ................................................................................
8.17. .................................................................................
8.18. .............................................................................
8.19. Sound Juicer ................................................................................................
8.20. Audio CD ........................................................................................
8.21. ........................................................................................................
8.22. ............................................................................
8.23. .....................................................................
8.24. .......................................................................................
8.25. .................................................................................
8.26. ........................................................................................
8.27. ......................................................................
8.28. .................................................................................................
8.29. .................................................................................
8.30. .................................................................................................
8.31. Brasero .......................................................................................................
8.32. ..................................................................................
8.33. .............................................................................
8.34. .....................................................................................
8.35. ...........................................................................................
8.36. ...........................................................................................
8.37. Audio CD ...................................................................................................
8.38. Synaptic ..........................................................................
8.39. .....................................................................................
8.40. .........................................................................................
8.41. ....................................................................................................
8.42. ..........................................................................................
8.43. .............................................................................
8.44. ........................................................................................................
8.45. .........................................................................................................
8.46. .................................................................................
8.47. ..........................................................................................
8.48. .......................................................................................
8.49. Changes Applied .............................................................................................
8.50. ......................................................................................
8.51. iPod ..................................................................................................
8.52. iPod ..............................................................................
8.53. gtkpod ........................................................................................................
8.54. gtkpod iPod ...................................................
8.55. ...............................................................................
8.56. iPod ............................................................................................
8.57. Sound Recorder ............................................................................................
8.58. ....................................................................................
8.59. ...............................................................................
8.60. .............................................................................................
8.61. ........................................................................................
8.62. ..........................................................................................................
8.63. ....................................................................
8.64. Audacity .....................................................................................................
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8.65. Audacity ............................................................................................
8.66. Audacity ........................................................................................................
8.67. Audacity ..............................................................................
8.68. .........................................................................
8.69. ...............................................................................................
8.70. ................................................................................
8.71. ..........................................................................
8.72. ............................................................................................
8.73. ............................................................................................
8.74. ................................................................................
8.75. ...............................................................................................
8.76. Ogg Vorbis .............................................................................................
8.77. ................................................................................
8.78. DVD Totem ..........................................................................................
8.79. .........................................................................
8.80. DVD .................................................................
8.81. Totem ..............................................................................................
8.82. ...................................................................................
8.83. DVD ................................................................................................
8.84. ........................................................................................
8.85. DVD ......................................................................................................
8.86. Thoggen .................................................................................................
8.87. Thoggen ......................................................................................................
8.88. ......................................................................................................
8.89. ...............................................................................................
8.90. DVD ...................................................................................
8.91. .....................................................................................
8.92. RealPlayer ...................................................................................................
8.93. RealPlayer .....................................................................................
8.94. ............................................................................................
8.95. ......................................................
8.96. ..............................................................................
8.97. RealPlayer .....................................................................................................
8.98. ................................................................................
8.99. ...................................................................................
8.100. RealPlayer ......................................................................
8.101. .................................................................................
8.102. RealPlayer .....................................................
8.103. ................................................................................................
8.104. Pitivi ...................................................................................................
8.105. Pitivi .....................................................................
8.106. ........................................................................
8.107. Project Settings .................................................................
8.108. ...............................................................................................
8.109. ...............................................................................
8.110. ........................................................
8.111. ...................................................................................
8.112. ............................................................................................
8.113. ..............................................................................
9.1. ............................................................................
9.2. ..........................................................................................
9.3. ..............................................................................................
9.4. ........................................................................................
xiv
296
297
298
299
299
300
301
302
302
303
303
304
305
306
307
307
308
309
309
310
310
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
319
320
320
321
321
322
322
323
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
331
332
332
339
340
341
342

9.5. (CommonQuestions) ..........................................................................
9.6. ..............................................................................................
9.7. ...................................................................................
9.8. Ubuntu (Ubuntu-users Mailing List) ..........
9.9. (Confirmation Mail) .............................................................
9.10. (Confirm Subscription Request Page) ........
9.11. (Confirmation of Subscription Request
Page) ............................................................................................................................
9.12. - ..........................................................................................................
9.13. Ubuntu (Ubuntu French Forum) ...................................................
9.14. Ubuntu (Ubuntu Forum Rules Page) ......................................
9.15. (Buddies Menu) .........................................................................
9.16. (Add Chat Dialogue Box) .............................................
9.17. (Buddy List) ...........................................................................
9.18. IRC- Ubuntu (IRC Channel for Ubuntu Users) ............................
9.19. (The LoCo Teams Page) ................................
9.20. (Non-English Support Page) ................................
9.21. Wiki Ubuntu .............................................................................................
9.22. Launchpad ...............................................................................................
9.23. ............................................................................................
9.24. " " .................................................................................
9.25. Ubuntu ..............................................................................
9.26. ......................................................................................
9.27. ..................................................................................................
9.28. ..........................................................................
9.29. ..................................................................................
9.30. ...............................................................................
9.31. Shipit ..................................................................................................
9.32. Fridge ....................................................................................................................
9.33. ..................................................................................
9.34. ..................................................................................................
9.35. The Canonical Marketplace .......................................................................................
9.36. ...................................................................
10.1. ................................................................................................................
10.2. Synaptic ................................................................
10.3. Synaptic .....................................................................................
10.4. Synaptic ..........................................................................................
10.5. ................................................................................
10.6. ...................................................................................................
10.7. ..................................................................................
10.8. ............................................................................................
10.9. Synaptic .............................................................
10.10. ....................................................................................
10.11. GParted .......................................................................................................
10.12. Explain how to read the specifications of the current partitions and file systems. .................
10.13. .......................................................................................
10.14. ................................................................................
10.15. ............................................................................................
10.16. .
.
, . ........................
10.17. , , ,
, . , - ,
. ........
xv
343
343
344
345
345
346
346
347
348
348
349
350
350
351
352
352
353
354
354
355
356
356
357
358
358
359
360
361
362
362
363
364
367
371
372
372
373
373
374
374
374
375
376
377
377
378
378
379
379

10.18. ....................................................
10.19. RC.Local .....................................................................................................
10.20. RC.Local File ........................................................................................................
10.21. rc.local .......................................................................................
10.22. ...................................................................................................
10.23. .........................................................................................
xvi
380
381
382
382
383
384

1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
4.1.
................................................................................................... 10
................................................................................................. 12
.................................................................................. 13
Calc ......................................................................................................... 115
xvii

. Ubuntu Linux,
, .
Ubuntu 9.04 Ubuntu
, ,
, ,
.
:
, Ubuntu
Ubuntu
Ubuntu

OpenOffice.org

,
, ,
,
Ubuntu

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.
. ,
.
ubuntu-desktop-course-resources .
PPA ( ) canonical-training :
https://launchpad.net/~canonical-training/+archive.
:
ubuntu-desktop-course-resource
. /usr/share/ubuntu-desktop-course.
.
xviii

.
, .
.
, .
.
.
,
.
, : training@canonical.com.
(
)
20
(Ubuntu)
60
(Open Source)
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Movement), (Open Source)
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(Ubuntu)

Ubuntu Microsoft Windows:

Ubuntu Desktop
75
Ubuntu Desktop

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100
xix
RSS

OpenOffice
180
OpenOffice.org
OpenOffice.org Writer
OpenOffice.org Calc
OpenOffice.org Impress
OpenOffice.org Draw
OpenOffice.org Math

40
Ubuntu
Ubuntu

(
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xx
80
(
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1.
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:
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('one size fits all').
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(Free Software Movement),
(Open Source)
Linux
(open source),
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, , .

(Free Software Movement)
60-
( , IBM).
, -
. ,
;
. 70-,
,
.
1983 (Richard Matthew Stallman),
MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab, (GNU), (UNIX) ().

.
. (GNU)
(Free Software Movement) 1985
(Free Software Foundation).

(copyleft)*. - copyleft,
(GNU General Public License (GPL)),
.
(*. . - (copyleft) - ,
(copyright"))
:
(Richard Stallman) (GNU)
: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_stallman.
(Ubuntu)
1991 , (GCC).
, , ,
.
(Open
Source Movement) Linux

(
) ( ). Linux
.
1991 (Linus Benedict Torvalds), , (University of Helsinki),
(Minix).
1.1. (Linus Benedict Torvalds)
:
(Minix) - (UNIX)- ,
, (Andrew S. Tanenbaum)
.
Linux - ,
(Linus Torvalds) .
Linux 0.01 . 1994
Linux 1.0 (GNU GPL).
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(GNU) .
(UNIX), Linux (CLI) ;
X Window System (GUI).
:
Linux ,
(Linus Torvalds), Linux. ,
Linux.
Linux:

,
Linux
.
.
,
.
1998 (Jon maddog Hall), (Larry Augustin),
(Eric S. Raymond), (Bruce Perens) .
(Open Source Movement).

.
1.2. (Open
Source Movement)
- 90- ,
Linux , Corel
(Corel Linux), Sun Microsystems (OpenOffice.org) IBM (OpenAFS). 21- ,
- ,
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.
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.
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('Humanity to others'), ('I am
what I am because of who we all are').
(Ubuntu) 2004, (Mark Shuttleworth)
Linux.
1.3. (Mark Shuttleworth)
,
(Debian), GNOME ,
http://no-name-yet.com.
(Ubuntu)
(Ubuntu)
8 ( 2007). Canonical
(Ubuntu).
:
(Mark Shuttleworth),
.
(Mark Shuttleworth)
, , .
(University of Cape
Town) Thawte,
. Thawte VeriSign 1999
HBD Venture Capital (Shuttleworth Foundation).
2001 (First African
in Space mission), .
2002 -
34 . 2004
(Ubuntu), , ,
, .
Ubuntu
:
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.
, .
Canonical
.
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,
.
CD- Ubuntu ; Ubuntu
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6 .
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(Ubuntu)
1.4.
:
Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog - -). Ubuntu 4.10
Ubuntu, 2004; 2006.
:
4.10 Sounder,
. Sounder
, .
Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog - ). 2005;
2006.
Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger - ). 2005;
2007.
Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake - -).
(LTS); 2006. 3 5- .
18- , .

Ubuntu. 2009;
2011.
(Ubuntu)
Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft - ). 2006.
; 2007.
Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn - ). 2007.
; 2008.
Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon - ). 2007.
- , ,
,
; 2009.
Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron - ). 2008. Ubuntu 8.04
LTS .
2011; 2013.
Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex - ). 2008. Ubuntu 8.10
3G.
2010.
Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope - ). 2009. Ubuntu 9.04
Ubuntu, .
2010.
Ubuntu 9.10 ( ). 2009, Ubuntu 9.10
. 2011.
Ubuntu
Ubuntu , Ubuntu, Edubuntu, Kubuntu Xubuntu.
Edubuntu - Ubuntu, . Kubuntu - ,
Ubuntu K Desktop (KDE). KDE -
,
. Xubuntu
, .
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. 2004
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. ,
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GettingStarted.
. , ,
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https://wiki.ubuntu.com/IdeaPool.
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IRC (Internet Relay Chat) Ubuntu,
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, http://www.ubuntu.com/training.
,
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" ".
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, :
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1.1.
Microsoft Windows

root

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:
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.
10
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- ,
Microsoft. Ubuntu, , .
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,
. Microsoft Windows .
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, .
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. 17,000 .
, , .
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11
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1.6.
: Microsoft Windows
,
. Ubuntu -
. ,
.
1.2.
Microsoft Windows

CD

live-CD
: Microsoft Windows Ubuntu .

, ,
Ubuntu CD. Microsoft Windows
.
Ubuntu live-CD, ..
CD, . , ,
. - . live-CD
.
12
(Ubuntu)
Microsoft Windows Ubuntu CD
.
, 20 - 30 .
:
Ubuntu -> / Synaptic Package Manager.
-> / ,
Ubuntu, , . Microsoft Windows
. Microsoft Vista Digital Locker,

.
1.7.
1.3.
Microsoft Windows

E-mail
Firefox
Internet Explorer
13
(Ubuntu)
Evolution
Microsoft Windows
Outlook
OpenOffice.org
WordPad
CD Extractor,
Microsoft Windows
Brasero, Rhythmbox, Movie Player
Media Player 11 (WMP) Microsoft
Sound Recorder
Windows Media Center (WMC)
F-Spot
Picture Gallery
Gimp
Paint
:
, - . Ubuntu Microsoft Windows
. .
Mozilla Firefox Ubuntu, Internet Explorer - Vista.
Firefox Microsoft Windows.
Evolution - Ubuntu. POP,
UNIX Exchange Outlook Web Access. ,
Evolution (), .
Microsoft Windows Mail Vista - Outlook Express,
, Microsoft Windows Calendar. Outlook ,
. Ubuntu
' '.
14
(Ubuntu)
1.8. Evolution
: Ubuntu OpenOffice.org
Microsoft Office. Vista WordPad ;
Microsoft Word ( Office) Microsoft Windows .
15
(Ubuntu)
1.9. OpenOffice.org
: Ubuntu
, Audio CD Extractor, Brasero Disc Burning, Rhythmbox Music Player,
Movie Player Sound Recorder. Rhythmbox -
. Rhythmbox Microsoft Windows
Media Player. Brasero, .
mp3 Ubuntu . Ubuntu
mp3 - . mp3
Microsoft Windows .
Vista , Windows Media Player 11 (WMP)
Windows Media Center (WMC). WMP , WMC ,
. WMP
. WMP
.
:
Microsoft Vista .
,
. F-Spot - , Ubuntu.
- , Flickr Picasa Web.
Ubuntu Photoshop
GIMP. Microsoft Windows Vista 'Paint'
.
16
(Ubuntu)
1.10. GIMP

:
open source
,

Ubuntu
Microsoft Windows
:
,
Ubuntu 2, Ubuntu Desktop.
Question: ?
Answer: Free Software Foundation '
', :
.
, , .
.
17
(Ubuntu)
,
.
Question: Ubuntu?
Answer: Ubuntu , :
, .
Canonical
.
Ubuntu ,
open source.
Ubuntu open source ; Ubuntu
open source , .
Question: Ubuntu , .
1) 7.04
a) 2006
2) 4.10
b) 2007
3) 6.06
c) 2007
4) 7.10
d) 2004
Answer:
1) 7.04
c) 2007
2) 4.10
d) 2004
3) 6.06
a) 2006
4) 7.10
b) 2007
Question: 3 ,
Ubuntu.
Answer: 3 ,
Ubuntu: , , .
Question: Ubuntu _________________.
Answer: Ubuntu - Mozilla Firefox.
Question: Ubuntu __________________.
Answer: Ubuntu - Evolution.
Question: 6- Ubuntu?
Answer: ,
.
18
2. Ubuntu
Desktop
:
Ubuntu

:
. ,
,
.
Ubuntu.
, , .
Ubuntu Desktop
:
, Ubuntu, ,
.
.
GNOME Ubuntu . GNOME (GNU Network Object
Model Environment, GNU)
( ,
) .
, ,
, .
. (: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME)
Ubuntu. ,
Ubuntu , .
. Ubuntu ,
.
:
, ,
.
19
Ubuntu Desktop
2.1. Ubuntu
, .
CD, ,
Ubuntu , .
2.2.
, .
20
Ubuntu Desktop
2.3.
: (Applications), (Places)
(System).
: ,
(, , , Web
.
2.4. (Applications)
(Places): ,
.
21
Ubuntu Desktop
2.5. (Places)
:

. .
,
.
(System): .
Ubuntu .
2.6. (System)
, : Mozilla Firefox, Evolution

(Help).
.
2.7.
22
Ubuntu Desktop
2.1.
:
1.

(Add to Panel). (Add to
Panel).
2.8.
2.
(Add to Panel)
. (Add),
.
(Applications), (Application
Launcher).
:
.
(Add to Panel) .
2.9.
3.
(Applications).
(Add).
23
Ubuntu Desktop
2.10.
2.11.
24
Ubuntu Desktop
(Move)
.
, .
2.12. (Moving Shortcut)
(
) .
. ,
.
:

(Fast User Switching) .
2.13. (The Fast User

Switch Icon)

.
.
.
, .
, , ,
.
2.14. (Top Panel Icons)
25
Ubuntu Desktop
.
, .
( ).
2.15. (Show the Desktop)
,
, Windows. ,
, :
2.16. (Open Applications)
(Workspace),
.
, CTRL+ALT .
.
, Firefox, OpenOffice, .
2.17. (The Workspace

Icon)
Firefox : CTRL+ALT+SHIFT
.
- Firefox .
26
Ubuntu Desktop
2.18. (Switching Workspaces)
. , Firefox
. ,
.
2.19. (Splitting Windows

into Workspaces)
27
Ubuntu Desktop
Ubuntu .
, ,

(Preferences).
(Workspace Switcher Preferences).
2.20. (Creating New Workspaces)
(Workspace Switcher Preferences)

(Number of
workspaces) (Close).
2.21. (Workspace Switcher

Preferences)
.
- (Waste basket). ,
. (Open),
(Trash).
28
Ubuntu Desktop
2.22. (The Waste Basket Icon and Menu)
DELETE.
:
, ,
(Delete from Trash) .
,
(Trash).
2.23. (Deleting Items from Trash)
(Changing the Default Language)

Ubuntu 100 . ,
.
29
Ubuntu Desktop
, .
2.2. :
1.
(System) (Administration)
(Language Support). ,
.
2.24. (Configuring Language Support)
2.
(Install).
(Language Support).
30
Ubuntu Desktop
2.25. (Installing
Language Support Updates)
3.
(Language Support)
(Supported Languages) ,
Ubuntu.
31
Ubuntu Desktop
2.26. (Installing Default Language Support)
4.
(Apply), OK. Ubuntu .

(Default Language).
5.
, OK.
6.
:
, ,
. ,
.
:
,
.
,
.
, , .
, .
32
Ubuntu Desktop
,
. ,
,
, .
2.3. Ubuntu?
1.
[System] [Administration]
[Users and Groups].
[User settings].
2.27.
2.
[User settings]
[Add User], .
[New user account].
2.28.
3.
,
[New user account].
a.
[Username].
b.
[Real name] box.
c.
[Profile].
33
Ubuntu Desktop
d.
[Office location].
e.
[Work phone].
f.
[Home phone].
g.
[User password].
:
,
.
.
2.29.
4.
[User settings].
.
.
34
Ubuntu Desktop
2.30.
, ,
, .
2.31.
.
.
35
Ubuntu Desktop
.
, , , - .
, ,
.

:
,
Ubuntu [Customising Ubuntu and Applications].
.
,
Ubuntu [Customising Ubuntu and Applications].
.
, :
, Ubuntu.
,
Ubuntu ,
. /
[Add/Remove application], Synaptic,
Ubuntu. / ,
/ [Add/Remove] [Applications].
2.32. /
36
Ubuntu Desktop
Synaptic, [System]
[Administration] - Synaptic.
2.33. Synaptic
Synaptic .
/ , Synaptic.
Ubuntu.
- Compiz Fusion
:
,
.
Compiz Fusion - , ,
.
, Linux ,
. , ,
.
Compiz Fusion Ubuntu 8.04 LTS
. ,
.
, .
2.4. Ubuntu:
1.
(System) (Preferences)
(Appearance). (Appearance Preferences)
37
Ubuntu Desktop
2.34. (Appearance
Preferences)
2.
(Appearance Preferences)
: , , .
:
2.35.
- ,
(None).
, (Normal).
38
Ubuntu Desktop
, , ,
(Extra). ,
, (Wobbly).
. , !

, :
Ubuntu GNOME

Ubuntu,

,
, /
(Add/Remove application) Ubuntu Synaptic (Synaptic Package
Manager)
Compiz Fusion Ubuntu 8.04 LTS

Question: ,
_________________.
Answer: , .
Question: ?
Answer: Mozilla Firefox, Evolution Ubuntu.
Question: ?
Answer: -
.
, .
: , ,
.
. ,
.
1. (System), (Administration)
(Users and Groups).
(User settings).
2. (User settings) (Add
User). (New user account).
39
Ubuntu Desktop
3. :
1.
charles (Username).
2.
Desktop user (Profile).

a.
charles windsor (Real name).
b.
England (Office location).
c.
111111 (Work phone).
d.
99999 (Home phone).
e.
password@1 (User password).
f.
4. . charles.
.
5. charles (Username) password@1 (Password).
6. .
,
. .
40
3.
:

-
RSS

:
. , ,
:
, .
.
, , ,
, - ... .
,
/ , .
(Internet Service Provider,
ISP) - .
. Ubuntu
. :
( ASDL), (dial-up)
(Local Area Network, LAN).
- ,
.
. ,
. ,
, .
, .
, ,
. ,
.
, , .
41

.
; .

Ubuntu -
.
. ,
.
, .
.
-.
3.1.
.
- .
3.2.
,
.
[Using a Cable Connection]

3.1. :
1.
, .
.
42
3.3. [Accessing Network Settings]
2.
[Unlock] .
3.
[Connections] .
[Properties]. eth0 [eth0 Properties].
3.4.
4.
[Enable roaming mode].
43
:
Dynamic
Host Control Protocol (DHCP) IP-.
IP-, .
IP-.
a.
[Configuration] IP- [Static IP

address].
b.
IP- IP- [IP address].
c.
IP- [Subnet
mask].
:
IP- ,
.
d.
IP- [Gateway address].
:
- ,
. .
3.5. eth0 [eth0 Properties]
5.
OK .
44
3.6.
.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Connection Protocol),
(DHCP) [Automatic Configuration (DHCP)]
[Configuration].

Ubuntu .
3.2. , Ubuntu
:
1.
[Network]. [Network
Settings].
2.
,
, [Using Cable Connection].
45
3.7. [Choosing a Wireless

Connection]
,
.
:
, Ubuntu, :
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/WirelessCardsSupported.
, - Ubuntu,
. ,
Ubuntu .
, , ndiswrapper.
Ndiswrapper [Using Ndiswrapper with a Wireless
Card]. Ndiswrapper - Linux, Ubuntu
, Microsoft Windows. ndiswrapper
/ [Add/Remove Applications].
Windows [Windows Wireless Drivers]
[System] - [Administration].
[Using a
Dial-up Connection]
.
ScanModem. Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Universal Serial Bus (USB).
:
ScanModem : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/
DialupModemHowto/ScanModem.
3.3. :
1.
, .
, .
46
:
,
www.modemdriver.com.
2.
:
a.
, .
.
b.
[Network Settings]
[Modem connection] [Properties].
ppp0 [ppp0 Properties].
3.8.
c.
ppp0 [ppp0 Properties]

[Enable this connection]
.
d.
,
.
[Phone number] ,
, [Dial prefix].
[Username] [Password]
. .
e.
.
[Modem]. [Modem
port]. [Dial type].
[Tones] [Pulses].
, .
, .
[Volume],
. [Off] [Low].
f.
. [Options]
[Set modem as default route to Internet]
.
47

(LAN),
[Set modem as default route to Internet].
, .
, .
.
,
[Use the Internet service provider nameservers].
,

[Retry if the connection breaks or fails to start].
g.
OK .
3.9. ppp0 [pppo Properties]
:

Point-to-Point (PPP)
, Bluetooth, : https://help.ubuntu.com/
community/BluetoothDialup.
, USB-,
: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CableDialup.
[Browsing the Web]

Mozilla Firefox - , Ubuntu .
, Mozilla
Ubuntu. Firefox [Applications] [Internet] Firefox [Firefox Web Browser].
48
3.10. Firefox
Firefox .
:
Firefox .
.
. Google, Yahoo!,
Amazon, eBay, Answers.com Creative Commons.
.
.
49
3.11.
. , Google, Yahoo Answers.com,

Firefox, . ,
.
, king,
. ,
, .
,
:
3.12.
.
, , ,
. , , .
.
50

- -, XML, .

.
:
Firefox "" Internet Explorer
.
3.4. Firefox?
1.
Firefox. [Bookmarks]
[Bookmark this page].
2.
.
( ).
3.
[Done] .
,
[Organize Bookmarks] [Bookmarks].

RSS [Using an RSS feed
reader]
.
, -.
RSS (Really Simple Syndication).
Liferea
:
, Liferea.
Liferea - RSS .
GTK/GNOME.
:
Liferea Ubuntu , Synaptic,
,
[Using Alternative E-Mail Client].
, , RSS .
51
3.13. -
Liferea
:
Liferea ,
RSS. ,
, .
3.5. Liferea?
1.
, .
52
3.14. ,
2.
.
. .
3.15.
3.
Liferea. [Applications] [Internet]

Liferea Feed Reader.
53
3.16. Liferea Feed Reader
4.

Liferea, "" [New Subscription].
[New Subscription].
54
3.17.
5.
[New Subscription]
OK. Liferea.
3.18.
Liferea.
55
3.19.
3.6. Liferea :
1.
, Liferea Feed Reader .
2.
, ,
.
3.
4.
-
.
:
HTTP- -
, ..

Evolution - Ubuntu. ,
.
56
Evolution
:
- Evolution
Post Office Protocol (POP) .
, https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EmailClients.
3.7. Evolution Ubuntu?

1.
[Applications] [Internet]
Evolution Mail.
3.20. Evolution Mail
:
Evolution .evolution.
. ,
.
.gconf/apps/evolution.
Evolution [Evolution Setup Assistant]
Evolution .
[Forward].
57
3.21.
2.
Evolution . Evolution
, .
[Restore from backup]
, , , , ,
, Evolution.
58
3.22. Evolution
3.
* [Identity] [Full
Name] [E-mail Address].
, . Evolution
. [Forward].
59
3.23.
:
[Optional
Information]. [Reply-To]
[Organisation] ,
.
,
, , .
4.
[Receiving E-mail]
[Server Type] . Evolution
, POP
.
60
3.24.
:
,
.
a.
POP [Server Type]

POP-. [Receiving Email]
.
:
,
: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EmailClients.
b.
[Server]
[Username].
, .
c.
[Security]
[Use Secure Connection box] [Encryption]
[No encryption]. , .
d.
[Authentication Type]
[Password] [Check for Supported
Types], Evolution .
61

. ,
.
:
, ,
.
e.
3.25. POP-
5.
[Receiving Options] ,
:
a.

[Automatically check
for new mail every]. [minutes].
b.
[Message storage]
[Leave message on server], .
c.
POP3
POP3 [Disable support for all POP3 extensions].
d.
62
3.26.
6.
" " .
[Server Type].
a.
: SMTP Programmes
Send Mails. SMTP - . SMTP
[Server Type].
b.
63
3.27. SMTP-
i.
[Server].
.
ii.
.
[Server requires authentication],
. [Type].

[Check for Supported Types].
iii.
[Username].
iv.
7.
, ,
[Remember Password]. [Forward].
, [Account
Management].
Evolution
. ,
. [Name].
, .. ,
. [Forward].
64
3.28.
8.
[Timezone]
. [Forward].
65
3.29.
9.
. [Apply] .
Evolution.
66
3.30. Evolution
:
Evolution
: https://help.ubuntu.com/8.04/internet/C/email.html.

Evolution , , Mozilla
Thunderbird, Balsa Pine. Mozilla Suite,
, Thunderbird.
. Mozilla Thunderbird - ,
Mozilla Foundation.
.
:
Mozilla Suite
, , - Internet
Relay Chat (IRC), web-.
Thunderbird Universe
Synaptic.
67
3.8. Thunderbird Ubuntu,

:
1.
- Synaptic.
Synaptic .
3.31. Synaptic
2.
Synaptic
. , - .
, "" .
, , .
, .
:
, , , .
, .
, ,
.
3.
. Thunderbird
. Mozilla Thunderbird
Synaptic.
68
3.32. Thunderbird
:

.
4.
,
.
69
3.33. Thunderbird
5.
.
. , ,
.
6.
3.34.
70

7.
.
. .
Thunderbird Synaptic .
Thunderbird ,
Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News.
Thunderbird.
3.35. Mozilla Thunderbird Mail/News
71
3.36. Thunderbird
Thunderbird. Thunderbird ,
.
Thunderbird :
-. ,
Mozilla Thunderbird
.
.
.
72
3.37. -
3.9.
Thunderbird?
1.
.
.
2.
.
OK
. Thunderbird: ,
.
3.38.
.
.
73
3.39.
. Thunderbird
,
. Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions (S/MIME) .
. - , ,
. Mozilla Thunderbird
, , , "" ,
.
. Mozilla Thunderbird ,
-.
74
3.40. Thunderbird -
. Ubuntu, Mozilla Thunderbird

.
.
. Thunderbird ,
, Ubuntu, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X Unix .

. ,
, . ,
- ( : ,
internet messenger - IM, ).
, ,
. -
, . -
-
.
Ubuntu
Pidgin, ,
. Pidgin, ,
America Online (AOL) Instant Messenger (AIM/ICQ), Gadu-Gadu,
GroupWise, IRC, Jabber, MSN, Napster Yahoo.
. Pidgin .
, ,
AIM, Yahoo Messenger IRC-
. Pidgin , , ,
, " "
75

MSN. ,
, ,
""
3.10. Pidgin
, :
1.
Pidgin Internet Messenger.

-
[Accounts].
3.41. Pidgin
2.
[Add] Pidgin .
[Add Account].
3.42.
3.
[Add Account]
[Protocol]. - ,
. [Screen
76

name] .
[Local alias]. [Save] .
[Accounts].
3.43.
4.
[Accounts]
, . [Close].
3.44.
:
, [Add]
[Accounts] 1-4.
5.
Pidgin ,
[Buddy List] .
77
3.45.
78

6.
Pidgin [Buddies]
[New Instant Message]. [New Instant Message].
3.46.
7.
() ,
, [Name] OK. .
3.47.
8.
, Enter.
.
79
3.48.
:
Pidgin .
Pidgin-guifications, Pidgin-libnotify Pidgin-themes.
Synaptic ,
.

, . ,
.
, -.
- , .
, SIP, Ekiga, SIP Express Router
.
, ,
USB-. , ,
, . ,
, , , .

, USB-.
-.
80
:
Skype, Google Talk Vonage -,
.
.
, Ekiga.
Ekiga
Ekiga Ubuntu.
IP (VoIP) . VoIP
, IP. Ekiga
, .
,
Ekiga.
3.11. Ekiga Ubuntu:

1.
(Applications) (Internet)
Ekiga (Ekiga Softphone).
. (Forward).
3.49. Ekiga
2.
(Personal Information)
.
. (Forward).
81
3.50. ,
3.
Ekiga (ekiga.net Account) ,

Ekiga.
SIP ekiga.net.
(Forward).
3.51. ekiga.net
:
SIP, ,
SIP ekiga.net, .
82

4.
(Connection Type)
.
, . ,
, .
(Forward). .
3.52.
5.
NAT (NAT Type) NAT.

, Ekiga
. , ,
IP-. (Forward).
3.53. NAT
83
:
NAT, http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAT.
6.
(Audio Manager) ,
, .
,
. ALSA, , ,
, ,
. , (Forward).
3.54.
7.
Ekiga
. ,
. (Audio Devices)
. , ,
. , , .
(Forward).
84
3.55.
8.
(Video Manager) ,
. - Video4Linux,
Firewire AVC / DC. (Forward).
3.56.
9.
(Video Devices)
.
. -
, .
, , .
(Forward).
85
3.57.
10. Ekiga .
. . - ,
, (Back) (Next),
. (Apply), .
3.58.
86
:
Ekiga,
, (Edit)
(Preferences) Ekiga.
:
Ekiga http://
www.ekiga.org.
Egika. , Ubuntu
.
3.59. Ekiga
Ekiga

Ekiga ,
SIP
SIP.
SIP- Ekiga,
Ekiga. ,
Ekiga,
SIP.
, URL-
sip: .
, sip:foo,
foo@ekiga.net.
Ekiga
.
, .
, ,
87

.
PC-to-Phone,
a Ekiga .
,
sip:00911129535955 003210444555.
(00).
(91).
.

Ekiga,
.
PC-To-Phone .
, Ekiga .
:
, Ekiga,
http://www.ekiga.org/index.php?rub=3.
Skype
Skype - , Ubuntu
. Skype ,
. ,
. Skype "-"
. Skype ,
,
. Skype .

:

() .
Mozilla Firefox - .
Ubuntu .
Firefox .
Liferea - RSS,
.
Evolution - , Ubuntu .
Mozilla Thunderbird - , Mozilla
Foundation. .
Ubuntu Pidgin.
,
.
88

Ekiga - Ubuntu
.

Question: ?
Answer: - ,
() .
Question: , Ubuntu ?
Answer: Ubuntu ScanModem.
Question: Firefox?
Answer: Mozilla Firefox .
Question: ?
Answer: - -, XML,
.
Question: :
1) Evolution
a)
2) Firefox
b)
3) Ekiga
c)
4) Pidgin
d)
Answer: 1-b, 2-a, 3-d 4-c

Question: SIP- _____________________.
Answer: SIP- http://www.ekiga.net.
Question: Skype _____________________,
_____________________.
Answer: Skype , .
Question: - ?A. EkigaB. LifereaC. PanD.
Skype
Answer: B. Liferea
Question: ?A. SkypeB. EkigaC. LifereaD.
Firefox
Answer: A. Skype
1. Liferea .
, http://www.lifehacker.com .
Liferea.
89

1. http://www.lifehacker.com. .
2. , syndication, (
) [Full content (with ads)]. Mozilla Firefox.
: http://feeds.gawker.com/lifehacker/full, .
3. Liferea.
4. , ,
[New] [New Subscription].
[New Subscription].
5. [New Subscription] http://
feeds.gawker.com/lifehacker/full OK.
2. , Google talk (gtalk).
Pidgin gtalk.
1. [Applications] [Internet] Pidgin
Internet Messenger.
2. [Accounts] / [Add/Edit].
[Accounts].
3. [Accounts] [Add].
[Add Account].
4. [Add Account] xmpp,
Google [Screen name],
[Password] [Local alias]. [Save].
5. gtalk.
90
4.
OpenOffice
:
OpenOffice.org Writer.
OpenOffice.org Calc.
OpenOffice.org Impress.
OpenOffice.org Draw.
OpenOffice.org Math.
:
. , ,
:
OpenOffice.org Draw
OpenOffice.org Math
, ,
. , .
OpenOffice.org
OpenOffice.org - Ubuntu.
, .
, ,
.
OpenOffice.org 30
, Linux, Microsoft Windows, Solaris Mac OS X. ,
, Microsoft Office,
, ,
Microsoft Office.
OpenOffice.org
OpenDocument, .
XML
OpenDocument- .
:

OpenOffice.org, http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Openoffice.org [http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Openoffice.org].
OpenOffice.org
:
91

OpenOffice
OpenOffice.org Calc
OpenOffice.org Base
OpenOffice.org Draw
OpenOffice.org Math
OpenOffice.org:
(Applications) (Office)
OpenOffice.org.
4.1. OpenOffice.org
Writer OpenOffice.org.

, , , ,
. , ,
.
OpenOffice.org Calc
Calc , ,
, .
92

OpenOffice
, ,
.
Impress - .
2D 3D , -, ,
.
OpenOffice.org Base
Base - , ,
, , . ,
. OpenOffice.org Base
. ru.openoffice.org/about-base.html
OpenOffice.org Draw
Draw - ,
: 3D
.
OpenOffice.org Math
Math
. ,
, OpenOffice.org,
Writer, Calc Impress.
:
, ,
, . OpenOffice
. :
,
!
,
.
. OpenOffice.org Writer
, , , ,
. :
: ,
, ,
.
93

OpenOffice
,
.
: ,
.
:
.

.
:
, .
, , .
:
, , , , e-mail ,
.
. OpenOffice.org
, :
:
, OpenOffice.org,
. ,
, , , .
:
. , ,
, .
: ,
.
, .
.
, , :
: ,
.
, .
: , ,
OpenOffice.org.
: OpenOffice.org Writer
.
.
. ,
, , .
.
, OpenOffice ,
OpenOffice.
. Writer .
94

OpenOffice
OpenOffice.org Writer,
, , , , .
,
, ,
.
OpenOffice.org Writer.
. OpenOffice.org Writer
.
.
4.1.
:
1.
(Office) Openoffice:
(OpenOffice.org: Word Processor). .
4.2. Writer
2.
, , ,
, ,
.
(File) (New)
(Templates and Documents).
95

OpenOffice
SHIFT+CTRL+N. (Templates and
Documents).
4.3.
3.

. ,
. .
.
.
, ,
.
4.4.
96

OpenOffice
:
,
, ,
, .
.
4.
,
.
, (Formatting),
.
4.5.
5.
(Style and Formatting),

.
(Style and Formatting),
(Style and Formatting).
97

OpenOffice
4.6.
6.
,
.
, .
4.7.
7.
, ,
(Paragraph Style). , ,
.
98

OpenOffice
, ,
.
4.8.
8.
,
(Modify). .
, ,
.
OK .
4.9.
9.
99

OpenOffice
4.10.
10. .
:
,
:
OpenOffice.org :
(Fill format).

(Formatting).
.
(AutoFormat)

.
4.2.
,
:
1.
(Table) (Insert) (Table).

(Insert Table).
100

OpenOffice
4.11.
2.
, ,
.
4.12.
:
-,
(Table) (Standard)
. ,
.
3.
OK.
. - Writer
.
,
(Table) .
(Table Format).

, , , , .
101

OpenOffice
OK
.
4.13.
4.
.
, . Writer
.
, ,
, .
.
102

OpenOffice
4.14.
5.
,
.
4.15.
. OpenOffice.org
, JPEG, PNG, BMP GIF.
, OpenOffice.org, ,
.
103

OpenOffice
4.3. :
1.
, .
(Insert) (Picture) (From File).
(Insert Picture).
2.
, .
(Preview)
(Insert Picture) ,
, . (Open),
.
4.16.
:
:

, .
,
, . ,
:
,
.
104

OpenOffice
,
,
.
- ,
, .
3.
.
, .
,
SHIFT. ,
. SHIFT,
, .
4.17.
:
,
.
4.
,
. ,
(Frame toolbar),
(Standard Toolbar) .

, (Arrange), (Wrap) (Anchor)
.
105

OpenOffice
4.18.
5.
,
.
4.19.
4.4.
1.
(File) (Print). (Print).

, ( ,
), .
106

OpenOffice
(Properties) (Print)
, , .
,
(Options) (Print).
4.20.
2.
(Printer Options)
. , ,
.
(Contant), .
(Pages)
(Notes). OK .
4.21.
3.
, OK
(Print).
107

OpenOffice
:

-.
:
-,
:
-, (Tools)
(Options).
OpenOffice.org (OpenOffice.org
Options).
(Print).
OK,
-.
4.5.
Writer , .
:
1.
(File) (Save As).

(Save).
4.22.
108

OpenOffice
2.
, ,
(Save) .
OpenOffice.org ,
Microsoft Word, Rich Text, Star Writer HTML.
, , Office.
Word,
Word . (Save),
Word.
4.23. Word
OpenOffice.org Calc
Calc OpenOffice.org.
, Calc,
. Calc , .

.
OpenOffice.org, Calc
OASIS OpenDocument (ODF). XML
OpenDocument- .
, Calc Portable Document Format
(PDF) .
OpenOffice.org Calc
Calc
, , ,
. OpenOffice.org Calc:
: OpenOffice.org Calc 300 ,
, , .
. , Calc
, .
109

OpenOffice
OpenOffice.org Calc
, using words such as sales - costs. # - costs
: ' '
, . ,
,
.
: ,
.
, , .
,
, ,
. #

: ,
.
Microsoft: Calc
Microsoft Microsoft Excel
. ,
Microsoft .

, Calc
.
. ,
,
.
Calc.
4.6.
Calc:
1.
(Applications) (Office), OpenOffice:

(OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet),
Calc. Calc.
110

OpenOffice
4.24. Calc
2.
Calc :
4.25. Calc
(The Name box) ,

" " (the cell reference).
(The active cell)
.
(The Function wizard) (Function
Wizard).
(The Sum button) ,
.
(the Function button) ,
(the input line), .
111

OpenOffice
(The sheet tabs) ,
.
.
3.
,
, , Calc.

(Format), (Cells). (Format Cells).
4.26.
4.
,
(Font), (Font Effects) (Alignment),
. , ,
, -
, (Numbers), ,
.
(Format Cells)
(smart) (vibrant) .

.
OK, .
112

OpenOffice
4.27.
5.
, ,
- .
4.28.
6.
Calc , (Autoformat),
,

. (Autoformat)
.
113

OpenOffice
(Autoformat) ,
() Format, () Autoformat.
4.29. (Autoformat)
7.
(AutoFormat).
, (Format),
OK, .
4.30.
8.
, , ,
, .
114

OpenOffice
4.31.
. - ,
, .
, , , , .
,
.
4.1. Calc
=SUM(A1:A11)
A1:A11
=EFFECTIVE(5%;12)
5%

=B1*B2
B1 B2
=C4-SUM(C10:C14)
C4 C10
C14
- ,
, (Input Line) (Formula bar).
(Function wizard),
..
115

OpenOffice
4.7.
(Function wizard):
1.
, .
(Function wizard) ,
(Formula bar) (Function Wizard).
(Function Wizard).
4.32. (Function Wizard)
2.
, (Functions).
(Category),
, .
(Functions), . ,
(Function Wizard) ,
. (Next)
.
116

OpenOffice
4.33.
3.
, .
.
(Shrink)
.
4.34.
4.
(Function Wizard) ,
. SHIFT ,
, .
,
(Maximize) .
117

OpenOffice
4.35.
5.
1,
, , (Formula)
. OK.
4.36.
6.
, .
118

OpenOffice
4.37.
. ,
. Calc
.
4.8. :
1.
, ,
, . (Insert)
(Chart) . (Chart Wizard).
119

OpenOffice
4.38.
:

(Insert Chart) .
2.
(Chart wizard),
. Calc
.
, (Next), (Finish)
.
4.39.
3.
.

.
120

OpenOffice
4.40.
PDF. OpenOffice.org, Calc

PDF . OpenOffice.org
-
PDF.
4.9. PDF:
1.
(File) PDF (Export as PDF).

(Export).
121

OpenOffice
4.41. PDF
2.
, ,
PDF, , , ,
. (Export)
.
4.42. PDF
3.
,
. (Save) PDF.
122

OpenOffice
4.43. PDF
:
" " (Easter Egg), Calc,
, = GAME("StarWars")
.
4.
PDF .
4.44. PDF
123

OpenOffice
Impress
OpenOffice.org.
2D 3D - .
,
.
OpenOffice.org Impress Microsoft PowerPoint .
PDF , Impress
ShockWave Flash (SWF) .
, Flash player.
Impress:
: Impress ,
.
, ,
.
: ,
. ,
.
, Impress Open ClipArt,
.
.
2D 3D , ,
3D .
: Impress
, PDF, SWF HTML .
.
:
OpenOffice.Org, Impress OpenDocument.
, PowerPoint.

4.10. ,
OpenOffice.org Impress:
1.
OpenOffice.org .
124

OpenOffice
4.45. Impress
2.
(Presentation Wizard).
.
, ,
, (Create).
4.46.
:
, ,
.
3.
Impress .
(Task) .
125

OpenOffice
4.47. Impress
4.
, .
,
,
(Master Pages).
(Master Pages) (Master
Pages).
4.48.
5.
(Master Pages).
, .
,
126

OpenOffice
, (Insert).
.
,
(Standard Toolbar). (Slide) (Insert).
4.49.
6.
, ,
. ,
(Layout). :
.
. . ,
.
127

OpenOffice
4.50.
7.
(Insert Picture)
(Open) .
4.51.
8.
,
. ,
. , ,
, .
.
128

OpenOffice
-.
-, (Slide Show Settings)
(Slide Show).
4.52.
9.
(Slide Show)
. (Range) ,
, . (Type)
. (Options)
.
, OK .
4.53.
10. , (Slide Show) (Slide

Show), F5.
129

OpenOffice
4.54.
11. .
, . ,
, ESC.
12. , , ,
, . , (Print) (File).
4.55.
13. (Print)
- OK,
.
130

OpenOffice
4.56.
4.11. 3D
3D :
1.
, 3D
.
. .
,
, Impress. ,
3D . ,
(Drawing)
(Fontwork Gallery). (Fontwork Gallery).
4.57.
2.
OK.
131

OpenOffice
4.58.
3.
Fontwork .
Fontwork,
Fontwork, .
, .
4.59. Fontwork
4.
, 3D
.
132

OpenOffice
4.60. 3D
5.

3D-. - .
3D-, (View)
(Toolbars) 3D- (3D-Objects).
4.61. 3D
133

OpenOffice
:
3D- (3D-Objects),
(Drawing)
(Visible Buttons).
6.
3D- (3D-Objects) .
,
. 3D- (3D-Objects),
.
4.62. 3D-
7.
3D- (3D-Objects)
(Filling Toolbar).
. 3D- ,
3D- (3D-Objects). ,
. .
, . 3D- .
4.63. 3D-
8.
,
. Impress 3D
, . 3D
, .
134

OpenOffice
(3D Effects).
(3D Effects).
4.64.
9.
,
, . ,
.
,
.
10. , (Assign)
, .
, (3D Effects).
4.65.
135

OpenOffice
:
, 2D
3D .
11. , 3D .
3D 2D
, . Impress
, .
Impress, (Slide Show)
(Custom Animation).
(Custom Animation) .
4.66.
12. ,
(Add) ().
(Custom Animation).
136

OpenOffice
4.67.
13. ,
.
.
, OK
.
4.68.
14. (Custom
Animation). -.
(Slide Show), -.
137

OpenOffice
4.69.
15. -.
4.70. -
138

OpenOffice
. , Impress
. , Impress
Flash (SWF) .
4.12. SWF :
1.
(File) (Export).
(Export).
4.71.
2.
(Name) ,
. Flash,
Macromedia Flash (SWF) (.swf) .
.
Flash.
139

OpenOffice
4.72. Flash
OpenOffice.org Draw
Draw , ,
. Draw
, , ,
OpenOffice.org.
:
, ,
.
Draw OpenOffice.org,
. , Draw,
Writer , .
Draw Writer Impress,
Draw, .
OpenOffice.org Draw
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151

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163

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5.
, :
Ubuntu
Ubuntu

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169

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171
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172
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177
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Ubuntu,
Microsoft Windows. , , Windows
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:

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183

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(Software Sources).
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184

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2.
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3.
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185
6.
:
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,
Debian

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187
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191
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193
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197
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215
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218
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220

Ubuntu.
Ubuntu, .
.
6.12. ,
, :
1.
[Software Sources].
6.49.
[Software Sources].
Ubuntu .
221
6.50.
:
[Software Sources]
/ Synaptic,
Ubuntu [Ubuntu
Software].
2.
,
[Third-Party Software] [Add].
6.51.
3.
APT , .
(main) Debian, deb http://ftp.debian.org sarge main
[Add Source].
222
:
APT ,
.
6.52. APT
4.
[Close], . ,
APT .
6.53.

223

5.

. [Reload].
6.54.
6.
.
[Authentication]
[Software Sources]. ,
.
.
GPG, . [Close]
.
..
224
6.55.

Ubuntu .
(Language Support),
/ (Administration/System).

. ,
, Ubuntu (Smart
Common Input Method) SCIM. ctrl +
.

:
GNOME Ubuntu.
Ubuntu.
Nautilus.

. (browser mode)
.
/
.
, /,
Synaptic.
225

Ubuntu,
.
Linux .
- .
.

Question: Ubuntu?
Answer: Ubuntu GNOME.
Question:
?
Answer: http://
art.gnome.org/.
Question: Nautilus.
Answer: Nautilus:

:
Question: KDE?
Answer: Konqueror - KDE
Question: ?
Answer: ,
"" (Ubuntu).
Question: ,
. .
Answer: ,
,
./ , apt-get
-
Question: ,
Ubuntu _______________.
Answer: ,
Ubuntu .
(-)
:
. XPDF
PDF. XPDF X,
226

TrueType Type1. Gnumeric
, .
1. Ubuntu 8.04 .
PDF ,
. :
a) xpdf
b) gnumeric
6.13.
:
a)
Xpdf
1.
, /.
/.
2.
xpdf.
3.
xpdf.
4.
5.
6.
6.14. ) Gnumeric Synaptic:

1.
,
Synaptic. Synaptic.
2.
, Gnumeric, gnumeric.
3.
.
.
4.
5.
, . ,
.
6.
, .
7.
, .
.
227
7.
:
:

:
. ,
, :

F-Spot
3D
,
. ,
, .

Ubuntu.
, ,
.
, Ubuntu,
. Ubuntu,
.
, .
Ubuntu:
GIMP: ,
, , .
F-Spot: . F-Spot
,
.
XSane: ,
,
e-mail.
, . , ,
, ,
Synaptic .
228
:
; .
- , ,
Synaptic.
, Ubuntu:
Agave: . , Agave ,
, .
, , GIMP . , , ,
. http://home.gna.org/colorscheme/
Agave.
Blender: 3D . Blender 3D
, ,
, . Blender
, Open GL . Blender
, /
, 3D Studio. Blender ,
, ,
-. http://www.blender.org/
Blender.
Dia: , Microsoft Visio. Dia

. Dia ,
- ,
EPS, SVG, XFIG, WMF PNG. .
http://live.gnome.org/Dia .
Gcolor2: ,
. . http://
gcolor2.sourceforge.net/ .
229

GNU paint: GNOME.
.
http://gpaint.sourceforge.net/ .
Ubuntu , Picasa,
, Google.
Picasa , ,
, e-mail, .
Picasa http://picasa.google.com/linux/download.html.
.

F-Spot
:
F-Spot ,
.
.
F-Spot GNOME.
,
iPod. ,
PhotoCD, ,
. F-Spot 16 ,
JPEG, GIF, TIFF RAW.
F-Spot:
230
7.1. F-Spot
F-Spot
, ,
, .
7.1.
F-Spot , :
1.
Applications, Graphics -> F-Spot Photo Manager. F-Spot.
2.
. .
7.2.
231
:
, , Import File.
3.
Import Source, Select Folder. ,

, Open.
7.3.
7.4.
4.
Import Import.
232
7.5.
F-Spot . ,
, , .
7.6.
:
, F-Spot
.
233
7.2.
:
1.
. .
2.
Import Source. . F-Spot

Import Source.
7.7.
3.
. Select Photos to Copy

From Camera, .
, , Copy.
7.8.
4.
F-Spot .
234

,
F-Spot. :
;
(Fullscreen)
.
7.9.
7.10.
235

Exit fullscreen F-Spot.

, F-Spot , .
, , ,
. , , 100
, 50 2004, 50 2007. ,
2004, 2004.
-, .
, , .
F-Spot.
.
:
F-Spot, , Attach a
Tag , .
.
7.11.
236
7.12.

, ,
,
. . F-Spot
.
7.13.
7.3. :
1.
F-spot Photo Manager ,

. Edit . ,
. ,
.
237
7.14.
2.
Redeye Removal, . F-spot

.
:
. ,
.
GIMP
GNU Image Manipulation Programme (GIMP) , Ubuntu
, GNU General Public License (GPL).
, ,
. GIMP ,
, , ,
.
GIMP :
, ,
, , , ,

: , , ,
,

,

238

,
.
-
, GIF, JPEG, PNG, XPM, TIFF, TGA, MPEG, PS, PDF,
PCX BMP
7.4. GIMP :
1.
Applications, Graphics -> GIMP Image Editor. GIMP Tip of

the Day. Close. GIMP.
7.15. GIMP
:
GIMP . ,
GIMP.
, Show tip next time GIMP starts.
2.
, , ,
.
7.16.
239

3.
Image.
7.17.
, GIMP.
:

.
.
:
, GIMP .

, , .
Inkscape
Inkscape -, , ,
, , , .
Inkscape , ,
Adobe Illustrator, CorelDraw Xara XL.
Linux, Microsoft Windows, Solaris Mac OS X.
, , ,
. ,
, .
Inkscape, , Ubuntu, ,
.
240
Inkscape
. ,
Synaptic, .
:
,
.
7.5. Inkscape Synaptic

1.
Synaptic, , : ->
Synaptic.
7.18. Synaptic
2.
Synaptic,
, . .
Find. Inkscape Search Search.
:
, Status.
, Origin. Custom Filters
.
, Sections.
241
7.19. Inkscape
3.
Synaptic.
Inkscape Mark for Installation.
7.20. Inkscape
4.
Apply .
Summary, . Apply
.
242
7.21.
5.
, Changes applied.
7.22.
Inkscape, , Graphics ->Inkscape Vector illustrator.
InkScape
:
,
.
Inkscape.
, , ,
, .
243

: .
, A4.
,
.
: , , , , ,
. , Inkscape, .
: Inkscape.
:
, , ..
:
. , ,
, ..
: , ,
. ,
, .
:
,
, , .
. Inkscape
. ,
: , , .
, , ,
.
7.6. :
1.
, ,
.
2.
244
7.23.
.
, ,
.
3.
, Save .
. , ,
.
245
7.24.
:
Inkscape . ,
.

Ubuntu . , Plug'n'Play
Ubuntu, , ,
.

Ubuntu :
, , Ubuntu: https://
wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsScanners.
: http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html.
, sane-backends-1.0.18,
.

,
XSane, Ubuntu.
246
7.7. XSane :
1.
Applications, : Graphics -> XSane Image Scanner. XSane

. ,
XSane Options.
2.
XSane Options .
, , ,
. ,
Scan.
7.25. XSane
3.
, .
7.26.
247
:
Ubuntu.
Ubuntu ,
.
4.
, XSane
.

:
:
F-Spot , ,
, PhotoCD,
.
GIMP .
SVG, Inkscape.
,
XSane.

Question: Ubuntu
?) Inkscapeb) F-Spot) Xsane) GIMP
Answer: b) F-Spot
Question: ?
Answer: F-Spot
Question:
?
Answer: , Ubuntu . FSpot .
1: -, F-Spot. ,
-,
. ,
- .
.
7.8. :
1.
F-Spot . .
248

2.
Import . ,
Open. .
3.
, -.
4.
Copy . F-Spot .
5.
, , Select All Edit.
6.
Photo, Export to, Web Gallery.
7.
, (URL) (
). F-Spot .
249
8.
:
, .
:
. , ,
:

iPod
DVD
-

Ubuntu , DVD,
. ,
, . Ubuntu
. Ubuntu
, , ,
.
. ,
Creative Common MPEG.
,
, , ,
.
, ,
, ,
() .

Ubuntu Rhythmbox,
. Gnome
iTunes . Rhythmbox ,
, -
. Rhythmbox
, .
250
:
1
, 1 DVD 1 .
Rhythmbox
8.1. Rhythmbox:
1.
->Rhythmbox Music Player.

.
8.1. Rhythmbox
2.
Rhythmbox.
, .
251
8.2. Rhythmbox
3.
Rhythmbox, Source.
, , .
, Rhythmbox.
Rhythmbox .
. ,
, .
.
8.3.
252

4.
, .
, .
8.4.
:
, Rhythmbox
(), . Rhythmbox
(, , , ,
).
5.
5. Rhythmbox.
, Rhythmbox .
. ,
,
. Play .
253
8.5. Rhythmbox
6.
Play - , Rhythmbox
. ,
Shuffle. ,
. Play .
254
8.6.
7.
Rhythmbox .
. ,
Edit->Plugins. Configure Plugins.
255
8.7.
8.
Configure Plugins.
, .
9.
Rhythmbox.
, Magnatune Store
, iTunes-style. Visualization
. ,
, Song Lyrics. Configure
Plugins .
256
8.8.
10. Rhythmbox. , ,
Song Lyrics.
257
8.9.
11. , Rhythmbox :) .
!
8.10.
12. ,
Visualization.
258
8.11.
13. .
259
8.12.
14. Rhythmbox - .
, ,
.
260
8.13.
:
, .
,
.
:
, Wikipedia:
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting].
15. New Podcast Feed .
261
8.14.
16. Rhythmbox .
, Play.
8.15.
17. Rhythmbox -, .
, Radio .
262
8.16. -
18. , Radio ,
. .
263
8.17.
:
-,
Wikipedia: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_ [http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Internet_radio]
19. , New Internet Radio Station
. Add .
264
8.18.
20. , -
.
Audio
CD
- ,
Ubuntu Sound Juicer.
. Sound Juicer,
-,
. Sound Juicer :
Ogg Vorbis: Ogg vorbis , ,
MP3. MP3
, , , . Ogg Vorbis
WAV.
FLAC: FLAC , Free Lossless Audio Codec ( ).
. MP3 Ogg Vorbis,
FLAC . FLAC
WAV.
265

WAV: WAV Waveform Audio Format ( ).
.
:
Ogg Vorbis FLAC - (.):
http://www.vorbis.com/faq/
http://flac.sourceforge.net/

8.2. CD Sound Juicer
1.
- CD . Sound Juicer CD player and ripper

. Sound Juicer , Applications Sound &
Video -> Audio CD Extractor.
8.19. Sound Juicer
2.
Sound Juicer. Sound Juicer ,

.
266

, Sound Juicer , ,
MusicBrainz.org.
, Play.
:
MusicBrainz.org -, ,
360,000 .
8.20. Audio CD
, Sound Juicer MusicBrainz.org.

, ,
. , ,
.
3.
, Play.
267
8.21.
4.
:)
8.22.
268

, ?
.
8.3. :
1.
Extract. ,
, , , Preferences
Edit. Preferences.
8.23.
2.
Preferences , ,
, CD
.
Preferences, , ,
.
:
MP3.
Sound Juicer. Help>Content Preferences.
269
8.24.
3.
. , Edit
Profiles, Edit .
8.25.
4.
Editing profile.
Close .
270
8.26.
5.
Preferences ,
. , Sound Juicer
. ,
Music Folder Close .
8.27.
6.
, , Extract.
, , ,
.
,
. ,
Sound Juicer.
271
8.28.
7.
Sound Juicer .
, .
8.29.
8.
, .
272
8.30.
Audio CDs
-, Ubuntu CD
DVD. , Ubuntu Brasero.
, CD/DVD , CD/DVD
.
8.4. CD:
1.
Brasero, Applications, Sound & Video -> Brasero Disc Burning.

Brasero.
273
8.31. Brasero
2.
Audio Project. , ,
.
274
8.32.
8.33.
3.
, -. ,
Music. . ,
, .
275
8.34.
4.
.
-, .
, Burn.
8.35.
5.
(Disc Burning Setup)

. (leave the disc open to add a data session later)
, ,
. , Burn.
276
8.36.
6.
Brasero . Burning Audio Disc ,

. ,
.
277
8.37. Audio CD

.
, - ,
, Ubuntu .
,
. ,
, . Ubuntu
, , ,
, .
Ubuntu Gstreamer. Gstreamer,
, , ,
( ), . :
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse
gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse
gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg
278
:
, (.):
http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/plugins.html.
, , VLC, MPlayer Xine, Gstreamer.
,
Synaptic Package Manager .
:
Movie Player. Movie Player
, , ,
Gstreamer. , ,
.
8.5. Synaptic:
1.
Synaptic, (System),
(Administration) Synaptic (Synaptic Package Manager).
8.38. Synaptic
2.
Multiverse Restricted Ubuntu, , .

, . Settings,
Repositories. SoftwareSources.
279
8.39.
3.
, Multiverse Restricted,
, ,
.
8.40.
280

4.
.
.
8.41.
5.
Synaptic,
, .
8.42.
6.
, , ,
.
281
8.43.
7.
Ubuntu Multiverse Restricted,

. ,
Synaptic. , Synaptic .
Search.
8.44.
8.
, , .
.
282
8.45.
9.
. ,
Mark for Installation.
8.46.
10. .
, Apply .
Summary.
283
8.47.
11. Summary .
Apply.
8.48.
12. , Changes Applied. Close.
284
8.49. Changes Applied
13. , ,
.
.
8.50.
iPod
iPod , Apple.
MP3 AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) 10
. iPod .
285
iPod
8.6. iPod:
1.
iPod USB . Ubuntu

. , iPod
Rhythmbox. , iPod,
. - ,
Play.
8.51. iPod
2.
Rhythmbox. ,
Rhythmbox, . , ,

Ubuntu.
286
8.52. iPod
3.
Ubuntu iPod iPod.

Rhythmbox. , gtkpod.
Universe Synaptic.
gtkpod, , Applications Sound & Video
-> gtkpod. gtkpod.
287
8.53. gtkpod
4.
gtkpod , iPod. ,
gtkpod , , .
.
gtkpod .
,
, iPod ,
iPod. iPod device, Files. Add
Files to 'device name''.
288
8.54. gtkpod iPod
5.
Add Files to 'device name', ,

iPod. ,
, . Open.
289
8.55.
6.
Gtkpod iPod. , gtkpod

"Successfully added files". gtkpod
.
, .
, Save Changes.
290
8.56. iPod
7.
iPod, ,
Rhythmbox. iPod
Eject. iPod .

Ubuntu .
, Ubuntu GNOME Sound Recorder.
Audacity.

, Ubuntu
Sound Recorder.
8.7. Sound Recorder:

1.
Applications Sound & Video -> Sound Recorder.
291
8.57. Sound Recorder
2.
Sound Recorder .flac, .ogg .wav.

, , ,
, Record from input.
Record as .
8.58.
292

3.
, ,
. , File Open Volume
Control.
8.59.
4.
,
. , Preferences Edit.
Volume Control Preferences.
8.60.
5.
Volume Control Preferences ,

. , Close.
293
8.61.
Sound Recorder. ,
Record.
8.62.
6.
, , Play.
,
. File
information.
294
8.63.

Audacity.
Ubuntu,
, Universe. Add/
Remove Applications, Synaptic.
8.8. Audacity:
1.
Applications Sound & Video Audacity Sound Editor.
295
8.64. Audacity
2.
, Audacity , .
, Audacity 30 , , , ,
, , .
OK.
8.65. Audacity
3.
296
8.66. Audacity
4.
. ,
. File Import -> Audio.
Select one or more audio files.
297
8.67. Audacity
5.
Open.
298
8.68.
6.
Audacity.
Audacity. Audacity
. , - ,
, - .
Audacity . Play .
8.69.
299

7.
:
: - , ,
. .
:
.
: ;
, .
: , .
, ,
.
8.70.
8.
,
. .
300
8.71.
9.
, ,
Effect. :
Amplify .
BassBoost .
Echo .
Fade in , .
Fade out , .
Invert 180
Noise Removal
Reverse
, Effect, Amplify.
.
301
8.72.
10. , , .
OK .
8.73.
302

11. , . , Play.
8.74.
12. , .
- , Audacity ,
, , Ogg Vorbis MP3.
, Export.
8.75.
13. Export File, , . ,

Save.
303
8.76. Ogg Vorbis
14. Audacity . ,
.
304
8.77.
. Audacity
.
DVD
DVD Content Scrambling System
(CSS), ,
DVD. , Ubuntu DVD. CSS, Ubuntu,
, , DVD
Ubuntu . Ubuntu.
:
,
DVD . ,

, ,
:
Mplayer
VLC
Xine
Totem-xine
305

Totem Movie Player, , Ubuntu
DVD . , Totem DVD .
, VLC, mplayer xine
DVD.
DVD Totem Movie Player

Ubuntu, DVD
Totem movie player.
8.9. DVD Totem:

1.
DVD DVD . Totem

DVD .
8.78. DVD Totem
2.
DVD , View, Fullscreen.

F .
306
8.79.
3.
, ESC.
8.80. DVD
4.
Totem DVD. , Edit

, Preferences.
307
8.81. Totem
5.
, ,
, , .
, Close .
308
8.82.
6.
, , Go,
. , Go Skip Forwards.
8.83. DVD
7.
.
, Sidebar.
309
8.84.
8.85. DVD
8.
, DVD
, .
DVD
DVD , ,
, . ,
310

DVD , .
, Ubuntu DVD.
Ubuntu, .
:
Thoggen
K9copy
dvd::rip
HandBrake
:
,
(.): dvd::rip- http://www2.exit1.org/dvdrip/ K9copy- http://
k9copy.sourceforge.net/ HandBrake- http://handbrake.m0k.org/?chapter=documentation.
DVD Thoggen. Thoggen
DVD, GStreamer Gtk+.
, DVD, Thoggen
.
Thoggen:
, (GUI)
,

Ogg/Theora
DVD
GStreamer, .
:
Thoggen , . , ,
(.) http://thoggen.net/download/.
Thoggen, .
Universe Synaptic.
311
8.86. Thoggen
8.10. DVD
Thoggen:
1.
Applications Sound & Video-> Thoggen DVD Ripper.
312
8.87. Thoggen
2.
Thoggen. Thoggen
DVD . , . OK
.
313
8.88.
3.
.
,
, Configure Cropping.
, .
314
8.89.
4.
. ,
. DVD
, .
315
8.90. DVD
-
Ubuntu , .
, ,
. .

,
. Google videos You Tube
FireFox. , Firefox:
316
8.91.
, ,
. , Firefox
Xine: totem-xine-firefox-plugin "Universe".

Totem: totem-gstreamer-firefox-plugin "Universe".
Mplayer: mozilla-mplayer "Universe".
Flash: flashplugin-nonfree "Multiverse".
. Totemgstreamer, Ubuntu , totem-gstreamerfirefox-plugin. , , Microsoft Windows.
Realmedia ,
RealPlayer 10.
RealMedia, , Totem. ,
RealPlayer, RealMedia
.
RealPlayer, RealNetworks,
, realaudio, realvideo 10, mp3, ogg vorbis theora, h263 AAC. RealPlayer
Linux Canonical,
RealPlayer.
:
RealPlayer , Ubuntu.
RealPlayer. , RealPlayer Linux
Canonical. Ubuntu, , . ,
317

, Canonical. ,
Realplayer.
8.11. - RealPlayer
1.
RealPlayer Applications. Sound & Video

RealPlayer 10.
8.92. RealPlayer
2.
RealPlayer Setup Assistant,

RealPlayer. , Forward.
318
8.93. RealPlayer
3.
RealPlayer 10, Forward .
8.94.
4.
RealPlayer
. Accept.
319
8.95.
5.
Realplayer.
Finish .
8.96.
6.
RealPlayer. RealPlayer.
320
8.97. RealPlayer
7.
, Firefox ,
.
8.
- , .
8.98.
9.
, RealPlayer, .
, RealPlayer, OK.
321
8.99.
10. Downloads, .
, RealPlayer.
8.100. RealPlayer
11. , ,
. , Favorites Add to Favorite.
322
8.101.
12. . ,
RealPlayer, Favorites. ,
: File, Open Location.
8.102. RealPlayer
13. URL, Open Location OK

.
323
8.103.

, Ubuntu . ,
Ubuntu:
Kino: . Kino Raw DV AVI.
,
SMIL XML.
Stopmotion: Stopmotion .
,
, MPEG AVI.
Subtitle Editor: , GTK+2. ,
. ,
.
Pitivi Video Editor: Pitivi Video Editor ,
. Pitivi, , ,
, . ,
GStreamer.
Pitivi
Pitivi Video Editor Ubuntu.
Universe. Pitivi, Synaptic.
324
8.12. Pitivi Video Editor:

1.
Applications, Sound & Video-> Pitivi Video Editor. Pitivi

v 0.11.1.
2.
Pitivi .
, , , .
, Pitivi, Import Clips.
8.104. Pitivi
3.
Import a clip, , Add

Pitivi.
325
8.105. Pitivi
4.
Pitivi. ,
. , Stop
.
326
8.106.
5.
,
Project Settings File. Projects Settings.
327
8.107. Project Settings
6.
Projects Settings,
. Video Output ,
. , Audio
Output. OK.
328
8.108.
7.
Pitivi. ,
Render project. Render project.
Modify Render project .
, Choose file .
329
8.109.
8.
Choose file to render to.

, . OK .
330
8.110.
9.
Output file. ,
Record.
8.111.
331

10. Pitivi , .
. , Close
- .
8.112.
11. .
8.113.

, :

-.
332

.
Rhythmbox
, - CD.
Sound Juicer, CD ,
. , CD/DVD
Ubuntu, Brasero, CD/DVD.
Ubuntu
.
Ubuntu iPod gtkpod.
Sound Recorder.
Ubuntu Audacity.
DVD Totem
.
Thoggen DVD.
Ubuntu ,
, RealPlayer.
Pitivi.

Question: ()
.
Answer: :

Question: Ubuntu ?
Totem
Rhythmbox
Audacity
gtkpod
Answer: b) Rhythmbox
Question: ?
333

Answer: , , .
-.
Question: Ubuntu
-?
Xine
RealPlayer
Brasero
Sound Juicer
Answer: Sound Juicer
Question: Sound Juicer
?
Answer: :
Ogg Vorbis
FLAC
WAV
Question: Sound Juicer CD?
Answer: Sound Juicer CD, , ,
MusicBrainz.org.
Question: CD, Ubuntu .
Answer: Brasero
Question: Ubuntu?
Answer: - , ,
Ubuntu .
Question: ____________________.
Answer: Synaptic
1: Rhythmbox. Ubuntu
, ,
-. .
1. Application, Sound & Video -> Rhythmbox Music Player.
2. Rhythmbox,
Library Import File.
3. Import File into Library, ,
.
334

4. Open.
5. , Play.
6. , ,
.
7. New Podcast Feed text box Add.
8. , Play.
9. - Radio Source.
10. .
11. , New Internet Radio Station URL
URL of Internet radio station.
12. Add .
13. , -
.
2: CD.
,
Ubuntu,
, . ,
.
8.13. CD:
1.
CD CD . CD
Sound Juicer.
2.
, Sound Juicer
MusicBrainz.org.
3.
, , .
4.
Play.
8.14. CD:
1.
2.
Edit, Preferences.
3.
Preferences, Output Format.
4.
5.
Music Folder.
6.
Close .
7.
Sound Juicer, , .
335

8.
Extract.
9.
Sound Juicer .
, .
10. , .
3: CD. , ,
. ,
.
.
8.15. CD:
1.
CD CD .
2.
Make Audio CD. Brasero.
3.
New Audio Project.
4.
, .
5.
Add,
.
6.
, Burn .
7.
Disc Burning Setup. Burn .
8.
Brasero
Exercise 4: .
MP3, , , Ubuntu.
.
8.16. Synaptic:
1.
Synaptic, (System),
2.
Multiverse Restricted, ,
Ubuntu . , Settings Repositories.
Software Sources.
3.
, Multiverse Restricted,
, ,
.
4.
.
.
5.
Synaptic,
, .
6.
, , ,
.
336

7.
, Synaptic.
8.
, Search.
9.
, , .
.
10. Mark for Installation.

11. , Apply .
Summary.
12. Apply.
13. , Changes Applied. Close.
14. ,
.
5: DVDs. ,
DVD . , ,
Ubuntu.
8.17. DVD Totem:

1.
Universe Multiverse,
Synaptic.
gxine
libdvdcss2
libdvdnav4
libdvdplay0
libdvdvread3
2.
Ubuntu Restricted Extras.
3.
DVD DVD . Totem

DVD.
4.
DVD , View, Fullscreen.

F .
5.
DVD . DVD
ESC Totem.
6.
, Edit, Preferences.
<placeholder-1></placeholder-1>
7.
8.
, Go, Skip Forwards.
9.
, ,
Sidebar.
337

10. translator-credits
338
9. Ubuntu
:
Ubuntu , , ,
, , Launchpad and The Fridge.
:
.
, ,
, - :
, .
Ubuntu , ,
. , :
: ,
, , , IRC Launchpad.
: Canonical /
.
9.1.
339
Ubuntu

, , - .
Ubuntu [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam]
.
.
Ubuntu ,
. ,
(Help and Support), (System) .

.
9.2.
New to Ubuntu? Ubuntu,

Microsoft Windows Ubuntu.
,
.
.
(Help)
F1.

.
.
340
Ubuntu

:
.
Ubuntu https://help.ubuntu.com [https://help.ubuntu.com].
: .
- , Ubuntu
.
-, .
Ubuntu:
9.3.
Ubuntu, , Ubuntu 8.10, 8.04

LTS, 7.10 and 6.06 LTS.
Ubuntu
, (System) (Help
and Support). .
, ,
. ,
, ,
.
Ubuntu.
Community Docs. Wiki,
.
, ,
, , .
341
Ubuntu
-
, :
, Microsoft Windows Red Hat
, :

, :
9.4.
.
.
(Search) ,
. , Titles .
, Text
.

(CommonQuestions). (CommonQuestions)
(Common Questions)
.
(CommonQuestinons)
Web- Ubuntu:
342
Ubuntu
9.5. (CommonQuestions)
(. :
Ubuntu ) (screencasts). Ubuntu
Screencasts (Community Documentation)
Ubuntu.
Ubuntu : (large),
(medium) (small) : OGG Flash.
:
9.6.
343
Ubuntu
:
(screencasts) Creative Commons Attributions-Share
Alike 3.0 License. ,
, Ubuntu.

Ubuntu
Ubuntu. , Ubuntu
:

-
IRC

Wiki Ubuntu

- ,
.
, ,
Ubuntu https://lists.ubuntu.com/. (Mailing Lists)
, , .
page:
9.7.
344
Ubuntu
(Community
Support) ubuntu (ubuntu-users).
, :
9.8. Ubuntu (Ubuntuusers Mailing List)
,
, (Subscribe).

, .
,
, .
9.9. (Confirmation Mail)
345
Ubuntu
,
,
ubuntu (Subscribe to list ubuntu-users).
9.10. (Confirm
Subscription Request Page)
, , ,
.
9.11. (Confirmation
of Subscription Request Page)
, ,
.
346
Ubuntu
, , .
, ,
().
"" .
(UserCP (User Control
Panel)). ..
:
,
(Mailing List Etiquette page) http://
www.ubuntu.com/support/community/mailinglists/etiquette.
,
. ,
.
-
.

.
Ubuntu.
Ubuntu:
9.12. -
:
Ubuntu : http://ubuntuforums.org/
http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums.
347
Ubuntu
Ubuntu
, , , , .
Ubuntu:
9.13. Ubuntu (Ubuntu French Forum)
, .
(Register) ,
:
9.14. Ubuntu (Ubuntu Forum Rules Page)
,
Ubuntu. , .
348
Ubuntu

.
, . - ,
. ,
.
(Search)
. (Search Forums)
. , ,
.
,
. ,

24 .
IRC
IRC- - ,
.
IRC- freenode, irc.freenode.net.
Ubuntu #ubuntu. ,
Ubuntu, #kubuntu, #edubuntu #xubuntu, .
, , , LoCo .
:
IRC- https://
help.ubuntu.com/community/InternetRelayChat.
IRC-,
Pidgin. Pidgin 3.
9.1. Pidgin IRC:

1.
(Buddies)
(Add Chat). (Add Chat).
9.15. (Buddies Menu)
349
Ubuntu
2.
Ubuntu, #Ubuntu Screen name.

(Add). Ubuntu
(Buddies List).
9.16. (Add Chat Dialogue Box)
3.
, #ubuntu , IRC
(Buddy List). IRC-
Ubuntu.
9.17. (Buddy List)
4.
IRC- Ubuntu.
, Enter.
350
Ubuntu
9.18. IRC- Ubuntu (IRC Channel for

Ubuntu Users)

Ubuntu LoCo ( 'Local Community' - - .
.) . Ubuntu
, Ubuntu
, , , ,
Ubuntu . ,
: http://www.ubuntu.com/support/community/locallanguage.
,
Ubuntu:
351
Ubuntu
9.19. (The LoCo Teams

Page)
Ubuntu
(Non-English Support).
9.20. (Non-English Support

Page)
:
LoCo ,
: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeams.
LoCo https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList.
352
Ubuntu
Wiki Ubuntu
Ubuntu ,
Ubuntu Ubuntu.
Ubuntu. Ubuntu : https://
wiki.ubuntu.com/.
Ubuntu:
9.21. Wiki Ubuntu
Ubuntu,
. , Ubuntu
- .
,
LoCo. , : http://wiki.ubuntu-fr.org.
LoCo https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList.
:
Ubuntu https://
wiki.ubuntu.com/HelpOnEditing.
Launchpad
Launchpad , -,

. Canonical, Ubuntu
, . Launchpad ID,
Shipit, Ubuntu, ,
Ubuntu .. Launchpad
(Launchpad Technical Answers), (Launchpad Bug Tracking) Shipit (
Ubuntu).
353
Ubuntu
Launchpad https://launchpad.net. ,
, Launchpad:
9.22. Launchpad
, Launchpad, . ,
, . Launchpad,
Register (), - ,
Not registered yet? ( ?)
Register (), .
Launchpad OpenID.
OpenID : http://openid.net [https://openid.net].
9.23.
354
Ubuntu
,
. ,
Launchpad.
Launchpad
, Answers () .
Questions and answers ( ).
- , Ubuntu,
Most active projects ( ).
Launchpad Question for Ubuntu ( Ubuntu).

Ubuntu (Help)
(Get Help Online).
Launchpad.
9.24. " "
, Ubuntu .
Search (), .
, Ask a question ( ),
Ask a question ( ).
355
Ubuntu
9.25. Ubuntu
, Summary ()
. Continue (), ,
.
9.26.
, Description
(). Add (),
Launchpad.
356
Ubuntu
9.27.
, , .
Launchpad: Malone
Malone , -,
. Launchpad. ,
, Ubuntu ,
. Malone , .
Ubuntu ,
Launchpad, Bugs () .
Bug tracking ( ) Launchpad.
Bug tracking ( ) ,
. , ,
, , .
357
Ubuntu
9.28.
Report a bug ( ),
, Report a bug ( ) Bug tracking
( ).
Summary () , , ,
Continue ().
9.29.
, Continue (),
, Launchpad . ,
No, I'd like to report a new bug (, )
. .
358
Ubuntu
9.30.
, ,
, . ,
, , , Submit Bug Report (
).
:
Malone https://launchpad.net/malone.
Shipit
Shipit , , Ubuntu
. Ubuntu ,
. ,
, .
10 .
, , Shipit:
359
Ubuntu
9.31. Shipit
:
Shipit http://Shipit.ubuntu.com.
Fridge
Fridge () Ubuntu.
Ubuntu,
. , , Ubunutu
, , ,
, .
:
Fridge http://fridge.ubuntu.com/.
, , Fridge:
360
Ubuntu
9.32. Fridge

Canonical .
, c Ubuntu http://
www.ubuntu.com/support/paid.
, Canonical (Canonical
Marketplace).
Canonical
Canonical 24 7 .
,
, .
Ubuntu ,
,
.
, .
:
361
Ubuntu
9.33.
, contact us ( ),
Canonical Global Support Services (
Canonical). About us ( ).
, , .
Purchase Support ( ),
Navigation () . ,
, ,
.
9.34.
,
. .
362
Ubuntu
The Canonical Marketplace

Canonical -,
,
, Ubuntu.
- Ubuntu:
9.35. The Canonical Marketplace
:
, : http://www.ubuntu.com/support/
commercial/marketplace.
, ,
, .
,
:
363
Ubuntu
9.36.
:
, Ubuntu,
Canonical
. send us your information
( ), Marketplace (
)
:
, Ubuntu, , :
, , ,
Launchpad Fridge.
,
, , .
Ubuntu ,
-, IRC, LoCo Ubuntu Team Wiki.
Launchpad , , Ubuntu,
Ubuntu, .
Fridge Ubuntu,
Ubuntu,
.
Canonical ,
, .
364
Ubuntu
-,
Canonical.

Question: , Ubuntu.
Answer: , Ubuntu:
, , , Launchpad Fridge.
Question: Ubuntu?
Answer: Ubuntu : ,
, Ubuntu.
Question:
Ubuntu?
Answer:
Canonical, -,
Canonical Marketplace ( Canonical).
Question: , Ubuntu
?
Answer: , Ubuntu
, :

-
IRC
LoCo
Ubuntu wiki
Question: IRC?
Answer: IRC ,
.
Question: LoCo Ubuntu?
Answer: LoCo
, (
) Ubuntu.
, .
Question: Launchpad?
Answer: Launchpad , -,
.
Canonical ,
.
365
Ubuntu
Question: ,
Launchpad?
Answer: , Launchpad,
Malone.
366
10.
:
.
, .
Ubuntu
.

. ,
, (
). . ,
. () ,
,
, . ()
, .
, ().
, , . ,
,
. , ,
.
Microsoft Windows ,
" C:". Windows ,
(D:, E: ).
, Ubuntu ,
.
10.1.
367

-. ,
. ,
.
:
Ubuntu ,
. ,
"" .
,
, .
,
, .
,
- .
, , .
, .
, (,
, ). ,
.
:
,
.
. .
, ,
. ,
. Microsoft Windows : FAT (File
Allocation Table) NTFS (New Technology File System). Ubuntu
: ext2, ext3, reiserfs, xfs . Ubuntu
ext3, , , - .
:
ext3 .
, xfs,
, xfs ,
.
. ,
. Microsoft Windows
. Windows C:, D:
. ,
" C:" " D:" .
:
"" ,
. CD DVD
368

. USB , ,
.
Ubuntu , Microsoft Windows.
. , "
" ( /home/< >) "
" ( / ), , .
Ubuntu .
, USB USB , Ubuntu
. , USB
/media/disk (
, /media/< >).
. ,
. , ,
.
, Live CD. ,
.
:
.
, .
.
(/)
. , ,
, /
home, /tmp, /usr /var , (/).
, :
: - root.
. ,
/etc, /bin, /sbin, /lib /dev, .
, 150-250
.
/home: .
.
.
100 . ,
.
:
/home .
.
/var: : , ,
-, , . ,
,
Ubuntu. , Ubuntu, 2
3 /var. ,
, 30-40 .
369

/tmp: , .
, , CD/DVD
.
, /tmp.
/usr: ( ),
. .
500 .
.
1,5 6 .
:
/usr User System Resources (
), user (),
.

, ,
, GNU/Linux ,
. .
.
:
.
,
.
, ,
:
(GParted): GParted
, ,
.
:
GParted.
. , .
GParted, /
Synaptic.
GParted
Synaptic.
10.1. GParted
Synaptic:
1.
Synaptic, (System),
370
10.2. Synaptic
2.
, Synaptic ,
Ubuntu. .
.
, .
. .
GParted . gparted.
- , .
. ,
. , .
, ,
.
, .
gparted, .
.
, .
. .
, .
.
. .
371
10.3. Synaptic
3.
GParted . gparted.
10.4. Synaptic
4.
- , .
. ,
. , .
, ,
.
, .
372
10.5.
5.
gparted, .
.
10.6.
6.
, .
. .
373
10.7.
7.
, .
.
10.8.
8.
. .
10.9. Synaptic
9.
.
.
374
10.10.
Gparted
10.2. GParted:
1.
GParted, (System),
(Administration) (Partition Editor).
:
GParted Live CD.
375
10.11. GParted
2.
GParted .
. GParted ,
.
, . ,
- , .
:
.
,
.
, ,
. , ,
, .
, ,
. .
Instructor Notes:
376
10.12. Explain how to read the specifications of the current partitions

and file systems.
3.
,
.
, ,
. , ,
, .
, ,
. .
10.13.
4.
.
, .
. Ubuntu ext3. ,
, Microsoft Windows, Ubuntu
, Fat 32.
377
:
,
. SCSI S-ATA 4
11 . IDE- 63
. ,
. ,
,
.
10.14.
5.
() .
, .
6.
,
.
7.
8.
. .
9.
. .
.
10.15.
378

10. , , .
.
10.16.
.
. ,
.
11.
10.17. , ,
, , .
, - ,
.
379

12. GParted. ,
.
13. GParted

, . , ,
. ,
. Linux
. Ubuntu 8.04 LTS
. ,
.
10.18.
14. , ,

.
380
10.19. RC.Local

,
. .
BIOS,
. BIOS ,
, CD, DVD -.
, BIOS ,
.
,
.
.
, ,
, ,
, .
BIOS
(setup).
: F1, F2, ESC DELETE.
BIOS, .
, .
.

-
.
381
10.3.
:
1.
rc.local, :
$ sudo nano /etc/rc.local
10.20. RC.Local File
rc.local , .
, , -
.
2.
, , exit
0.
$ date > /home/oem/newbackup
10.21. rc.local
3.
, CTRL+X .
382
10.22.
4.
rc.local. ,
, :
$ cat newbackup

,
. ,
. ,
grub.
1.

:
$ sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
$ sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
2.
:
default 0
:
X
383

X ,
. . , ,
, X 0, 1.
3.
Ubuntu .
. ,
(, ntpdate ),
( ,
HP HP).
, .
, .
:
,
.
, ,
. , :
1.
(System), (Administration)
(Services).
2.
. .
3.
10.23.
384
:
, Boot-up Manager (bum).
Universe. ,
Boot-up Manager.
, :
.
Ubuntu , .
, . ,
.
.
, ,
.
, /etc/rc.local.
,
.
, ,
.

Question: ?
Answer: :

Question: sudo?
Answer: unix sudo
.
Question: Ubuntu ?
Fat 32
NTFS
Ext3
Answer: Reiser4
385

Question: ,
?
Answer: /etc/rc.local.
Question: , ?
?
Answer: , ,
.
1. Microsoft Windows,
Microsoft Windows.
5 ,
Microsoft Windows.
10.4. :
:
1.
, .
2.
.
.
3.
.
.
4.
5.
6.
. ntfs.
7.
. ,
.
8.
, .
.
386

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1.1. (Linus Benedict Torvalds)

1.3. (Mark Shuttleworth)

Ubuntu Microsoft Windows:

: Microsoft Windows Ubuntu .

Ubuntu Microsoft Windows:

, : Mozilla Firefox, Evolution

2.12. (Moving Shortcut)

2.13. (The Fast User

2.14. (Top Panel Icons)

2.15. (Show the Desktop)

2.16. (Open Applications)

2.17. (The Workspace

2.18. (Switching Workspaces)

2.19. (Splitting Windows

2.20. (Creating New Workspaces)

(Workspace Switcher Preferences)

2.21. (Workspace Switcher

2.22. (The Waste Basket Icon and Menu)

2.23. (Deleting Items from Trash)

(Changing the Default Language)

2.24. (Configuring Language Support)

2.26. (Installing Default Language Support)

(Apply), OK. Ubuntu .

[Real name] box.

Desktop user (Profile).

charles windsor (Real name).

England (Office location).

111111 (Work phone).

99999 (Home phone).

password@1 (User password).

[Using a Cable Connection]

3.3. [Accessing Network Settings]

[Enable roaming mode].

[Configuration] IP- [Static IP

IP- IP- [IP address].

IP- [Gateway address].

3.5. eth0 [eth0 Properties]

3.7. [Choosing a Wireless

ppp0 [ppp0 Properties]

3.9. ppp0 [pppo Properties]

[Browsing the Web]

. , Google, Yahoo Answers.com,

Liferea. [Applications] [Internet]

3.16. Liferea Feed Reader

, Liferea Feed Reader .

3.7. Evolution Ubuntu?

3.20. Evolution Mail

POP [Server Type]

3.8. Thunderbird Ubuntu,