Distance and Midpoints

Section 1-3
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Distance Formulas
1.

On a number line the distance between 2 points on a number line is

d = B A
A B

1.

On a coordinate plane, the distance between 2 points is

d=

( x2 x1 )

+ ( y2 y1 )

Definition of Midpoint
- the point half way between end points. The midpoint M of is the point PQ between P and Q such that PM = MQ.

Midpoint Theorem
If M is the midpoint of AB then AM MB

Midpoint Formulas 1. On a number line, the coordinate of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints have coordinates a and b is
M

a -2

b 8

a+b 2
2+8 M= =3 2

2. In a coordinate plane, the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment whose endpoints have coordinates (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are

x1 + x2 y1 + y2 , . 2 2

Segment Bisector
Any segment, line, or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint is called a segment bisector. l
M A B C

CONSTRUCTION: Bisect a segment

http://www.mathopenref.com/constbisectline.html