Trn Phng Hong Gia Ct DH5PN DPN042305

Thc Trng v M Hnh Qun L Rc Thi ng Bng Sng Cu Long (BSCL) I-Gii Thiu: ng Bng Sng Cu Long gm 13 tnh, thnh ph trc thuc trung ng: Long An, Tin Giang, ng Thp, Vnh Long, Kin Giang, An Giang, Hu Giang, Tr Vinh, Bn Tre, Bc Liu, Sc Trng, C Mau, v T.P Cn Th. Ni y hnh thnh v pht trin cc h sinh thi rt c o v hp dn. Thu ht c khch du lch trong nc ln ngoi nc, em li mt nn kinh t kh n nh cho ngi dn ni y. Trong nhng nm gn y, dn s ngy mt tng, iu kin kinh t-x hi ngy cng pht trin, vic pht trin du lch thu ht ngy mt ng hn, chnh v vy, vn nhim mi trng ni y khng th trnh khi v ngy cng b e da, m nguyn nhn ch yu l rc thi. II-Thc trng v rc thi BSCL: BSCL l mt khu vc c nn kinh t pht trin v nng ng, c rt nhiu doanh nghip trong nc v ngoi nc n u t v pht trin, hnh thnh cc khu cng nghip vi quy m ln, thu ht hng nghn lao ng, lm cho cc khu cng nghip ngy cng tng tc, y mnh cng xut. Nm 2003 ton vng ch c 10.900 doanh nghip hot ng th n nm 2005 c 12.575 doanh nghip. S lng DN ny ang gy ra cc p lc t cc ngun cht thi lm cho tnh trng nhim mi trng tip tc gia tng. S liu thng k cha y v cc ngun cht thi BSCL cho thy : cht thi rn sinh hot khong 606.276 tn/nm, nc thi sinh hot khong 103 triu m3/nm, cht thi rn cng nghip khong cht thi rn cng nghip khong 47,2 triu m3/nm, cht thi bn thi nui trng thy sn khong 456 triu m3/nm, rc thi y t khong 3.800 tn/nm, cc loi rc, cht thi nguy hi ny hu ht cha c x l trit , vn tip tc c thi ba bi ra mi trng sng v h thng sng, kinh, rch trong khu vc. c bit, trong canh tc nng nghip, hng nm nng dn s dng khong 2 triu tn phn bn ha hc, 4.344 tn thuc bo v thc vt, trong nui trng thy sn s dng hng ngn tn cc ch phm ha hc, thuc th y thy sn... l nhng ngun gy cc tc hi ri ro cho con ngi khu vc BSCL.

Ngoi ra, hng nm ni y phi chu mt lung rc thi rt ln t cc ni v, m ch yu l t ngnh du lch. Hin nay c thm mt vn cn ng quan tm hn na, l tnh trng nhp khu rc ln lc lt c t ko nhau vo t cc ca khu Campuchia. Lm cho tnh trng mi trng ni y cng b e da v ng bo ng. Cc loi rc thi nh hng nghim trng n ngun nc. T bao i nay phn ln cc c dn ni y c thi quen s dng ngun nc sng rch, nc ngm cho i sng sinh hot v canh tc. Do , nguy c tc ng n sc khe con ngi l rt ln. Do tc th ha, kinh t pht trin, cc ngun rc thi th, nc thi cng nghip, cht thi trong canh tc nng nghip, nh hng khng t n sc khe ca ngi dn vng ny.

Khng ai qun l vic thu gom rc, tiu thng ch Cu Cha (huyn Phng Hip, tnh Hu Giang) la rc xung sng - nh: Thanh Xun

C mt v d din hnh ti tnh Sc trng: Cm canh va dn ln bn, rui bay vo u dy c nh t ong! Nhiu nm qua gia nh anh Thch Sil v nhiu h dn sng chung quanh ch ch Tr Qut ( x Thun Ha, huyn M T, Sc Trng ) phi chu ng. http://forum.ctu.edu.vn/viewtopic.php?t=3762 Khng nhng vy ti cc ni vn minh cng s tnh trng rc vn trng trn ngp, rc thi nm ngn Rc thi bn hng nh xe ngang lm mt v m quan ni th. trng i hc An Giang ( nh: V vy m dn n cc bnh nguy him him t chp) ngy cng gia tng, cc bnh v ng tiu ha, nhim c ha hc, st rt, st xut huyt, tnh trng suy dinh dng tr em ngy cng gia tng Trong khi , mng li y t cng ng, s ging bnh bnh qun u ngi thp hn nhiu so vi cc vng khc trong c nc. III- M hnh qun l v s l rc thi. hn ch tnh trng nhim mi trng, gim gim bt tnh trng rc thi, gy hi n sc khe ca ngi dn ni y, m bo cho s pht trin ca ton vng, thu ht c ngy cng nhiu khc du lch, em li t trng cao cho vng, chng ta cn thc hin mt s m hnh sau : _ Phn loi rc thi ti nh vi mc ch: gim thiu-ti s dng-ti ch.

Ngi dn s c pht mt ti nylon i ch, loi ti ny c dng i dng li nhiu ln nhm gim thiu lng rc v c. ng thi, c pht hai loi ti phn loi ti nh : rc hu c (rau, c, hoa qu, thc n tha) khc vi li rc v c (chai, v, min, kim loi) trc khi a ra xe ca nhn vin mi trng th. http://www.donre.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/xemtin.jsp?
Rc thi cha phn loi l nguyn nhn gy nhim v lng ph. nh: MINH IN

id=00000000000000004503&idParent=00000000000000002369&idCap=1 _ Phn loi rc ti ni cng cng: Thay i loi thng cha rc by gi thnh thnh thng cha rc phn loi nhiu ngn, phn loi rc, rc no tc ch, rc no khng s dng

_ X l rc bng cng ngh sinh hc: Cc nh khoa hc tin hnh nghin cu v tm ra nhng phng php cc nh khoa hc tin hnh nghin cu v tm ra phng php x l rc bng cng ngh sinh hc vi s tham gia ca cc vi sinh vt. X l rc bng cng ngh sinh hc thc cht l mt quy trnh sn xut khp kn. Rc thi sinh hot sau khi thu gom s c a vo bng ti phn loi. Rc hu c c tch ring, sau nghin nh v trn vi cc loi cht thi c cha nhiu vi sinh vt ri em . Trong khong 10 12 ngy s din ra qu trnh ln men sinh hc k kh v hiu kh. Qu trnh phn hu k kh s sn sinh ra cc loi kh sinh hc trong c kh m tan. nhng quy trnh phn hu lu nm, t l kh m tan c th ln ti 60 - 65%. Cn qu trnh ln men hiu kh, ton b rc hu c s c chuyn ho thnh phn vi sinh. Cc kt qu sau khi tin hnh x l rc ti mt s nh my H Ni v thnh ph H Ch Minh cho thy, mi tn rc thi hu c sau khi x l s thu c khong 300 kg phn vi sinh v 5m3 kh sinh hc. Nhng sn phm ny u c thu hi v a vo ti s dng trong sn xut. Phn vi sinh c bn ra th trng vi gi 250.000 ng mt tn phc v cho ngnh nng nghip. Cn kh sinh hc s c thu hi cho chy ng c diesel pht in hoc cp pht nhit phc v cho chnh qu trnh x l rc ca nh my. Theo tnh ton, mt nh my vi cng ngh trung bnh, c th t tc c 40 50% nng lng in. Cn mt nh my hin i c th p ng c 100%, thm ch ngun nng lng d c th em bn ra th trng. http://irv.moi.gov.vn/KH-CN/ncpmud/2004/11/13932.ttvn.

_ X pht nng khi khng thc hin nhng quy nh v rc: a ra nhng quy nh v x pht nng v vic x l rc khi khng thc thc hin ng vic b rc ni cng cng, TON B CC XUT TRN Y L CA 1 D N TPHCM, C C TH DN TH, M MANG I P DNG CHO BSCL, VNG C A S DN S SNG NNG THN C PH HP KHNG? SC THUYT PHC RT YU, V CH TRNG N K THUT QU NHIU. NGH LI CU CHUYN SANG PTNT IV- Kt lun : Rc l mi e da i vi chng ta, nh hng n cuc sng, gy mt v m quan ni th, cng s. Nhng rc cng em n cho ta mt ngun kinh t nu ta bit cch gii quyt v x l chng. Mi ngi chng ta cn phi c thc trong vic bo v mi trng cng nh nh v ni chng ta ang sng, cn thc hin ng ngha v ca mnh mi trng xanh sch p, gp phn cho cuc sng ti p.

Ti liu tham kho 1. http://irv.moi.gov.vn/KH-CN/ncpmud/2004/11/13932.ttvn. 2. http://www.donre.hochiminhcity.gov.vn/xemtin.jsp? id=00000000000000004503&idParent=00000000000000002369&idCap=1 3. http://forum.ctu.edu.vn/viewtopic.php?t=3762