LING422(Dr.

William)

Aug30.2012(Dongmin Kim)

Practice Exercises: Syntactic Categories 3. I think naga and taka are adjectival verbs because they can occur with both a degree word, totemo and tense/aspect. However, hasi and ne are verbs because they can occur with tense/aspect but not with the degree word, totemo. Interestingly I think Japanese has the adjective category because sizuka can occur with the degree word, totemo, but not with tense/aspect that occurs to da. 4. I think French forms, travaile, pense, and marche are verbs because they can occur with the tense/aspect marker, -ait, but not with a degree word. On the other hand, long, intelligent, and cher are the adjective because they can occur with a degree word but not with a tense/aspect marker. 5. I think Mandarin has adjectival verbs because there are property-denoting words including da, pioliang, and gaoxing, which can occur both with a degree word, feichang, and tense/aspect markers. Also Mandarin has verbs because ronghua, tang, and shui can occur with tense/aspect but not with the degree word. 6. I think Bemba does not have verb-adjective contrast because there are not propertydenoting words that can occur with a degree word but not with tense/aspect, and with tense/aspect but not with a degree word. The probable verbs, soma and ishiba as in (i), do not show any difference with the possible adjectives, shipa, buuta, fina, and shyuuka as in (ii) and (iii) in distributional criteria. I cannot tell whether the language is of the Korean type or the Hawaiian type because the data did not exhibit the appearance of degree words. 7. I think Malagasy has the noun category because there are property-denoting words including ny andro(the weather) and ny kafe(the coffee) as in (ii), (iii), and (v) that can occur with the determiner, ny. The language has super verb category because there are property-denoting words that can occur with tense/aspect and with degree marking. The adjectives, angatsiaka(cold) and afana(hot), can take present/past tense markers as in (ii) and (iii) respectively. Also the tense marker, m- and n-, can occur to the verb, angataka(ask), as in (iv). Through the reduplication, the degree marking can occur not only to the adjectives like m-afana dia m-afana(really hot), but also to the verb like m-isakafo dia m-isakafo(really eat) as in (v), (vi), and (vii).